新目標九年同步講解與測試
-food is kept fresh in the fridge.
i saw him go into the office building.
-he was seen to go into the office building.
英語中有“十大動詞”的說法:即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ,這些詞在主動句中,其后的動詞不定式不加to,但變被動句時必須加to.
(3)含有短語的主動語態變被動語態
不及物動詞沒有賓語,因此沒有被動語態。但有的不及物動詞后面加上介詞及其他一些詞類構成短語動詞之后,其作用相當于及物動詞,可以接賓語,因而也可以變為被動語態。在變成被動語態時,不能去掉構成短語動詞的介詞或副詞
they take good care of my child. 他們把我的孩子照顧得很好。
-my child is taken good care of
i turned off the radio.
-the radio was turned off(by me.)
附:動詞短語的被動語態:
take care of -be taken care of
cut down -be cut down
laugh at -be laughed at
look after-be looked after
下列這些短語本身即是被動語態的形式,不需再加-by
be covered with …用…覆蓋著
be interested in …對…感興趣
be surprised at …對…感到驚奇
be made of (from)用…制造的
(4)由情態動詞形成的被動語態
含有情態動詞的句子在變為被動語態時,在情態動詞后面加上be動詞即可,其句型如下:
肯定句:主語+情態動詞(can , may , must)+be+ 過去分詞…
否定句:主語+情態動詞+not + be + 過去分詞…
疑問句:情態動詞(can , may , must )+主語+be+過去分詞+….
如:we should allow teenagers to surf the internet.
-teenagers should be allowed to surf the internet.
can you use it? 你會使用它嗎?
-can it be used ?
6. 不能用于被動語態的幾種情況
(1)當主動結構中的賓語是反身代詞和相互代詞時,不能改為被動語態。 他在鏡中看見了自己的模樣。
we often help each other. 我們常常互相幫助。
(2)當謂語是表狀態的及物動詞時(如have, like, take place , belong to …)
i like these flowers. 我喜歡這些花。
i will have a meeting.
不說a meeting will be had. 應說a meeting will be held .
(五) 重點、難點:
1. the other day
我們還可以說the other day , morning , week , month.