Unit 1 Life on Mars-（精選3篇）

Unit 1 Life on Mars- 篇1

　　unit 1 life on mars

　　一. 教學內容：

　　unit 1 life on mars

　　main task:

　　write your own guide to living on mars.

　　tasks:

　　1. use ‘can, could, may, might’ to talk about permission.

　　2. express personal feelings concerning a future situation.

　　二、重點、難點：

　　comic strips

　　1、how do you like life on mars？ i hate it.  你覺得火星上的生活怎么樣？我討厭它。

　　①how do you like?  你覺得……怎么樣？ 主要用來詢問對方對某事的印象，也可以改為“what do you think of …”這一句型。

　　eg. how do you like this book? i think it’s a good book.

　　how do you like china? i like it very much.

　　what do you think of china?

　　②hate 討厭，不喜歡，后可跟名詞、代詞、動名詞或動詞不定式。

　　eg. i hate monday morning.

　　he hates her because she always plays tricks on him.

　　i hate watching tv, i prefer to read.

　　she hates to drive at night.

　　hate 的同義詞是dislike, 反義詞是like/enjoy。

　　2、i thought you liked mars. 我原以為你喜歡火星。

　　i thought …“我原以為…”，是指過去曾有這樣想法，但事實卻不是這樣。

　　i think …是指現在這樣認為，往往與事實是相符的。

　　eg. i think he is a thief.

　　i thought he was a thief.

　　welcome to the unit

　　1、help daniel compare living on mars to living to earth at present.  幫助daniel把住在火星上與現在住在地球上作個比較。

　　compare “比為”、“比作”，常與to連用，意為“比喻”、“把……比作”，有時也表示“將……同……作比較”。

　　eg. we may compare the world to a stage.

　　life is often compared to voyage.

　　2、we will be cared for by robots.  我們將由機器人來照顧。

　　care for  照顧、照料，相當于look after / take care of

　　eg.  the sick must be cared for.

　　we care for one another here.

　　care for 還可表示“喜歡”、“愿意”。

　　eg.  she doesn’t care for skating.

　　3、food will be in the form of pills.  食物將是藥丸的形狀。

　　in the form of … 呈現…形狀，處于某種形式，form形狀，形態。

　　eg.  the cakes are all in the form of stars.

　　he saw a strange form in the fog.

　　4、make people feel very ill. 使人們感到很不舒服。

　　reading

　　1、moving to mars   移居、適居到月球上。

　　move v. ① 適居、搬遷,常跟to 連用

　　eg. they’re going to move.

　　are you going to move to beijing next month?   你們下個月將遷到北京去嗎？

　　② 搬動、移動

　　eg. we’d better move the desk into the next room.

　　please move your car. it’s in my way.   請把你的車動一下，它擋路了。

　　③ vt. 打動、使感動

　　eg. what he said moved everyone.

　　the story moved us deeply.

　　move有二個形容詞形式，即moving和 moved

　　moving“令人感動的”，通常指一件事或一種情況。

　　moved “感動的”，其主語往往是人。

　　eg. the play is very moving.

　　we were greatly moved by what he said.

　　2、at the moment, it may be difficult to imagine, but ….  現在，很難想象，但是…。

　　at the moment  “現在、目前”

　　eg. we have no cars at the moment. 我們現在還沒有汽車。

　　my mother is cooking the meal at the moment. 我媽媽現在正在做飯。

　　imagine   v. 想象、設想，后跟名詞、動名詞或從語作賓語，也可跟復合賓語。

　　eg. little tom likes to imagine himself an air pilot.  小湯姆喜歡想象自己是個飛行員。

　　can you imagine her becoming a pilot?

　　you can’t imagine how i missed you.  你們不能想象我多想念你們。

　　imagine v.→imagination n.→imaginative adj.

　　3、by the tear 2100, we will live on the planet mars.  到21XX年，我們將生活在火星上。

　　by  介詞，“到……為止”，后跟將來時的時間，用一般將來時；后跟過去時的時間，用過去完成時。

　　eg. by next month, we’ll finish learning book three.

　　by last year, they had worked there for 20 years.

　　4、first of all, transport should be much better.

　　first of all = first  首先，第一；指在所有的事中，首先要做的事

　　eg. first of all，let me say something about our plan.

　　at first  最先，當初；指事物最先的情況，而后來往往有變化。

　　eg. at first i didn’t like him, but now i do.

　　5、at present, our spacecraft are too slow to carry large numbers of people to mars.  眼下，我們的太空飛船太慢了，不能把大批人送到火星上。

　　large numbers of = a number of … “許多、大量”，修飾可數名詞的復數

　　eg. chinese is spoken by the largest numbers of people.  講漢語的人最多。

　　large numbers of my friends / a number of my friends came to the party.

　　6、to prevent this, humans on mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier. 為了預防(防止)這一切，在火星上的人必須穿上特制的鞋子來給自己加重。

　　prevent ① vt. 防止、避免

　　eg. prevent accidents

　　② vt. 阻擋、制止

　　prevent sb. (from) doing sth.

　　eg. the rain prevented us from coming in time.  下雨使我們沒有及時到來。

　　nobody can prevent us from getting married.  什么也不能阻止我們結婚

　　類似的短語有： stop sb. (from) doing sth

　　keep sb. from doing sth

　　eg. he stopped the child from playing near the river.

　　the rain kept us from going out.

　　7、every student will have a computer at home connecting to an inter-planet computer network.   每個學生家里將有一臺電腦和行星之間的電腦網絡相連接。

　　connect to  把……和……相連接

　　eg. the keyboard has been connected to the computer. 

　　在上句中，connecting to… 是現在分詞短語作定語，修飾 a computer

　　8、however, in some ways, life on mars may not be better than life on earth today. 然后，從某些方面說，火星上的生活可能沒有今天地球上的生活好。

　　in some ways = in a way = in one way

　　9、a power that keeps us from floating in the air. (p.6)  一種阻止我們在空氣中漂的能力。

　　keep sb. from doing sth.    預防/防止某人做某事，相當于prevent sb from doing sth.

　　eg. the rain kept us from going out.

　　vocabulary

　　1、takes high-quality images  拍高畫質的圖像

　　take  在這里的意思是拍攝

　　eg. take photos

　　2、fixed to the walls to prevent floating    被固定在艙壁上以防止漂浮。

　　fix  用作動詞，表示“將……固定在另一個物體上”，“安裝”，“使……固定”，常與to連用

　　eg. please fix the shelf to the wall.

　　the table was fixed to the floor.

　　3、which do you think is the least important?

　　the least important  最不重要的， the most important

　　less important   不太重要的， more important

　　do you think  是個插入語，不作成份

　　此時若疑問詞作主語，語序不變；若疑問詞作其它成份，后面的句子需要用陳述句語序。

　　eg. who (do you think) is over there?   (你認為)誰在那里？

　　what (do you think) has happened?   (你認為)發生了什么事？

　　what do you think i should do?   你認為我該做什么？

　　where do you think you most like to go?   你認為你最喜歡去哪里？

　　grammar a

　　a   using ‘can’，‘could’，‘may’and‘might’to talk about permission.  用can，could，may，might表示請求或給予許可。

　　1、can  常用于口語中，表示非正式的請求，請求對象一般是朋友或家人。

　　eg. can i use your computer?

　　can i watch tv, mum?

　　2、could  是can的過去式，但在口語中，could常代替can來向對方委婉地提出請求，比can正式，請求的對象一般是老師或成年人，這時could不表示過去時態，回答時一般用can或can’t。

　　eg. could i ask a question, mr. li?

　　yes, you can. / no, you can’t.

　　3、may 也可用來征求對方的意見，表示“可以”，相當于can，但比can更正式和禮貌，請求的對象一般是陌生人或你所尊敬的人。

　　eg. may i borrow this helmet?

　　yes, you may. / no, you may not.

　　4、might  是may 的過去式，但它也可以用來征求對方的意見，比may、could更禮貌，但很少用。這時might不表示過去時態，回答用may。

　　eg. might i speak to him now?

　　yes, you may. / no, you may not. / i’m afraid not.

Unit 1 Life on Mars- 篇2

　　unit 1 life on mars

　　第一部分 簡要提示

　　一、年級：九年級

　　二、教學內容： unit 1 life on mars

　　三、課型： reading

　　四、教學目標

　　1. 知識目標

　　掌握本課時的四會單詞、主要詞組和句型。

　　2. 能力目標

　　1) 學會運用本課所學的主要詞匯和句型來簡單描述未來生活。

　　2) 學會略讀和尋讀等閱讀技巧。

　　3. 情感目標

　　引導學生思考在另一個星球上生活的前景和可能性，比較不同環境的優點和缺點，激發學生探索未知世界的熱情。

　　五、教學重難點

　　1. 重點

　　1) 學習和運用四會單詞、詞組。

　　2) 掌握略讀和尋讀等閱讀技巧。

　　2. 難點

　　1) every student will have a computer at home connected to an interplanetary network.   

　　2) compared with life on earth, life on mars will be better than life on earth in many ways.

　　3) there will be various designs for settlers to choose from.

　　3. 思考在另一個星球上

　　第二部分 教學流程

　　用時：25分鐘

　　step 1  pre-reading  用時： 分鐘

　　(出境)

　　t: hi, everyone! glad to meet you .welcome to unit 1 reading.( 同學們,你們好.今天我們來學習unit 1 閱讀 )

　　t: everyone knows  that  chang’e ⅰ has been launched into space lately.人人知道最近嫦娥一號被發射到太空. that’s really exciting . it can help us  to know more about moon. do you want to live on moon or some other planets ? we are used to living on earth, but some people are thinking about moving to other planets. why ?let’s look at some pictures first. (ppt)

　　part one  lead-in

　　t: what can you find from the pictures?

　　----what problems does earth have ?

　　t: the pictures show that earth has two problems :one is the large population ( it’s crowded ), the other is the serious pollution ( it’s polluted).

　　t: now earth is crowed and polluted. what shall we do ? some scientists say there is a better world—mars. do you know the planet mars? and before we start to read the article mars. let’s have a look at these new words first.     

　　part two  pre-reading

　　t: please fill in the blanks with the correct words according to the whole sentence and the english explanation in the brackets. (請根據句子含義及括號內的英語解釋填入所缺單詞)       (ppt)

　　t: ok. let’s check the answers together.  

　　1. a large body in space that moves around the star, e. g., the sun means planet.

　　2.a power that keeps us from floating in the air means gravity.

　　3.a vehicle designed for travel in space means spacecraft. 

　　4.people who go to live in a new place mean settlers.    

　　grow and improve means develop.  

　　5.machines that can do tasks under the control of computer mean robots.

　　small round pieces of medicine mean pills.   

　　t: now read the new words after me.(2遍)

　　new words:     planet    gravity    spacecraft   

　　settlers    develop   robots   pills  

　　t: boys and girls, how much do you know about mars? do you its color , its size and some other information? now let me show you my research on mars. (ppt)

　　1. the color of mars:  red  ;

　　2. the size: about one-half the diameter of earth;

　　3. location:bit’s between earth and jupiter in our solar system.

　　4. its moons: phobos and deimos

　　5. surface: the surface of mars is a little like the surface of earth.

　　6. temperature: the lowest temperature will be -133℃(degrees centigrade) and the highest will be 27 ℃

　　(整屏顯示6點知識) （ppt）

　　t: now you have learned something about mars from my research. but is there anything else you want to know about mars? what is the fastest way to learn more about mars?    

　　t: that’s searching  the internet. now look at the keywords. guess their meanings first and then use the search engines to help you. try to find the information about them on the internet. (下面我們來看這些關鍵詞,先猜測它們的含義,然后用搜索引擎來驗證你的猜測是否正確.,再在網上找到有關他們的信息.)

　　超鏈接） (ppt)

　　1. crowded planet : the population on earth is about 6.4 billion in . it’s still increasing quickly…population here means the number of people.  (ppt) (XX年地球人口為64億，現在這個數字還在快速增長。)

　　2. space shuttles : they are new kinds of spacecraft which can travel faster in space. (ppt) （他們是新型的可以在太空里飛行更快的航天飛機。）

　　3. speed boots :  they are special shoes that can make you walk faster in space.（他們是可以使你在太空行走更快的特殊鞋子。）

　　4. space home : it’s a special round house in space.(這是在太空里的特殊的圓形房子。) (ppt)

　　5. robot settlers:  settlers are the persons who move to a new place .（拓荒者是第一批搬到一個新地方的人。）/ maybe robots will move to mars and live on it first. (ppt)

　　6. online teacher：the teacher who can help you at any time and any place in an on-line schools is called ‘e-teacher’. （在線老師可以在任何時候、任何地方幫助你。）(ppt)

　　step two  while-reading    用時： 分鐘

　　task one skimming

　　t: now would you please open your books at page 8 ? read the article quickly and find out the keyword of each paragraph. it can be a word or some words. you don’t have to read it word by word. just skim it. this kind of reading skill is called skimming. (同學們，請快速地閱讀文章的第一段，幫我找到其中的關鍵詞。它可能是一個單詞或幾個單詞，閱讀時你沒有必要逐字逐句地讀，要跳讀,這種閱讀技能叫做略讀)。

　　t: ok, boys and girls. let’s check the answers now :  (ppt)

　　para 1    crowded, polluted  (population , pollution)

　　para 2    transport

　　para 3    food, water and air

　　para 4    gravity

　　para 5     home

　　para 6     school

　　para 7     food

　　task two scanning

　　t: that’s very easy for you, right. read each paragraph again , this time you should be more careful and pay more attention to the details . while reading the article , please find out the answers to the questions .it’s another kind of reading skill called scanning   (請同學們再仔細閱讀文章每一段內容，這次希望同學們讀得更加仔細。在閱讀的的同時，請大家思考這些問題的答案。在閱讀的同時找出文章中細節性的內容, 這種閱讀技能叫做尋讀。 (2-

　　t: now ,boys and girls , please look at the screen here, let’s check the answers.（ppt）

　　※transport   （ppt）

　　1 what vehicle do people use to mars at present? and how long does it take?   ( spacecraft .  months.)

　　2 what vehicle may people use to go to mars in the future?

　　and how long will it take?

　　(space shuttles. only a very short time.)

　　※ air ,water ,food   （ppt）

　　3 what will scientists do to solve the problems of food , water and air?

　　( scientists will develop plants that can grow on mars and produce the food, water and oxygen .)

　　4 what will food on mars be like?

　　( maybe the food will be in the form of pills and will not be as tasty as they are today.)

　　※ gravity   （ppt）

　　5 is gravity on mars a big problem? why?

　　( yes, it is. because the gravity on mars is three-eighths of the gravity on earth. )

　　6 what may happen then?

　　( people may jump high easily and float away into space.)

　　7 what kind of shoes should people wear?

　　(people should wear special boots to make themselves heavier.)

　　※ home  （ppt） 

　　8 what kind of house may people live in ?

　　( a special dome with 10 bedrooms is highly possible .)

　　9 who will do most of our work?

　　(robots will do most of our work.)

　　※  school  （ppt）

　　10 what kind of school will students study in? and what do they call their teacher?

　　( students can study in online schools and they call their teacher ‘e-teacher’.)    (連接星際電腦網絡)

　　t: well, you really did a good job today. . from the reading we know that life on mars is very different from that on earth. please compare theses differences and fill in the form below (ppt)

　　.t: have you finished now? let’s check the answers together.

　　step 3 post-reading    用時:   分鐘

　　task one  fill in the blanks  (ppt)

　　earth today                            mars in 2100

　　polluted and crowded                               1

　　spacecraft are slow.                                 2

　　gravity is not a problem for us.                        3

　　people can wear many types of shoes.                   4

　　people do not have much space.                        5

　　we take exams at school.                             6

　　we have many kinds of food with different tastes .         7

　　keys:

　　1   clean and has lots of space

　　2  space shuttles travel at half the speed of light.

　　3  only about three-eighths of the gravity that we have on earth

　　4  people wear special boots. 

　　5  people live in a dome with 10 bedrooms.

　　6  we take exams in online schools.

　　7  meals are just pills.

　　t: congratulations ! you’ve got all the right answers . you know every ‘coin has two sides’. here are some good points and bad points of living on mars. we call the ‘good points’ “advantages” and ‘bad points’ “disadvantages”.(我們知道：事物都有正反兩方面，下面我們來看一下在火星上生活的利弊。我們把好的方面叫做“advantages”，把不好的方面叫做“disadvantages”。) please look at the screen and fill in the right words. ( ppt )

　　t: ok? let’s check the answers now.

　　advantages 

　　※  it’s not _______or________.

　　※  the  ________ is more convenient . 

　　※  people will wear special _____

　　※  people will have ______space .

　　※  ______ will do most of our work.

　　※  we’ll have more time for_______.

　　※  students will study in ______ schools.

　　keys:

　　1 crowded     polluted   2  transport  3 boots  4  more

　　5 robots     6 hobbies   7  online

　　disadvantages

　　※  low _______ will be dangerous.

　　※ food does not taste _____.

　　※ space travel make people feel ________.

　　※ it’s too ___to stay outside.

　　※ it’s too ____ away from friends on earth.

　　keys:

　　1  gravity  2  good  3  ill / sick    4  cold    5  far

　　t:  now would you please open your books at page 11 of the students’ book. please complete exercise c1 on page 11

　　t:  .have you finished them? let’s check the answers . ( ppt )

　　keys:

　　1   a    2   b      3   c    4   c

　　5   b    6   b     7   a     8  b

　　t: well done , you’ve remembered so much about mars. do you have any difficulties while reading? let’s look at some sentences together.

　　t: important sentences  ( ppt )

　　1 there will be various designs for settlers to choose from. 將有許多種設計可供移居者選擇。

　　to choose from…意思是“從……中挑選”。

　　eg  我有很多雙鞋子可以選擇，但我決定不了選哪雙。

　　i have many pairs of shoes _____________(to choose from),

　　but i don’t know which pair __________. (to choose)

　　2  the journey might take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light.用以光速一半速度飛行的太空穿梭機進行的旅程可能只要花很短的時間。

　　分析：此句是that連接的定語從句。that引導的定語從句修飾先行詞space shuttles, 從句中的動詞的人稱和數由先行詞space shuttles決定。

　　3  compared with life on earth, life on mars will be better in many ways .     

　　與在地球上的生活相比,火星上的生活在很多方面將會更好.

　　compare with…意思是“ 與……做比較”。在句中是過去分詞短語作狀語,此時with和to可通用。

　　eg   與我們的那條路相比,這條路繁忙得多 。

　　this road is quite busy______   ____ ours. (compared … with / to )

　　4 every student will have a computer at home  connected to inter-planetary network. 每個學生在家里有一臺連接星際網絡的電腦。

　　connect to 意思是“與……連接”。這里的connected to 是過去分詞后置作定語,修飾computer。當然我們也可以用connect … to…結構表示“把…和…連接起來 ”。

　　eg  江陰大橋把江陰和靖江連接了起來.

　　jiangyin bridge _______ jiangyin ___ jingjiang.  (connects … to )

　　t: well, boys and girls ,you really did a good job today.

　　t：小 結   

　　今天我們學習了一些描述火星生活的詞匯、句型，并且討論了火星上未來生活的優缺點。希望同學課后認真鞏固課文內容，用自己的語言來簡單描述火星生活。   

　　t: today’s homework: (ppt)

　　1   read the passage aloud.

　　2   finish off the additional exercises. 

　　t:  that’s the end of my class . good-bye, everyone. see you next time.

　　additional exercises:

　　用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空:

　　1 there is less air ________ ( pollute) in town that in the town.

　　2 look at the newest t-shirt . it’s made of cotton. i think it will become ______ ( fashion ) this summer.

　　3 it’s ______( high) possible that people can live on mars in the future.

　　4 grandma is too old _______ ( settle ) on another planet.

　　5 the helmet is made of metal. it’s too heavy. when    

　　i wear it , i feel _________ ( comfort).

　　6 my father cooks very well. the food he cooks is as

　　_______ ( taste ) as that in the restaurant.

　　7 here are many kinds of moon cakes for you_____( choose ) from.

　　8 ______ ( compare ) with what he had already, the new stamps were not very interesting.

　　9 _______( hope ), doctors have found a new way to operate on the patients --- flying hospital.

　　10 we should keep water from _____( be ) polluted .

　　keys to additional exercises:

　　1  pollution                 2  fashionable

　　3  highly                   4  to settle

　　5  uncomfortable            6  tasty

　　7  to choose                8  compared 

　　9  hopefully               10  being

　　說  明 

　　本課時是9b unit 1的reading。這一課時展望了將來人們在火星上的生活狀況。文章分別就交通 、重力等5個方面討論了火星上生活的優缺點。在組織教學時，教師要鼓勵學生展開想象, 提醒學生在談論未來生活時很多答案沒有對錯之分。同時教師還應注意對學生略讀和尋讀等閱讀策略的訓練。

Unit 1 Life on Mars- 篇3

　　unit 1 life on mars

　　一. 教學內容：

　　unit 1 life on mars

　　二. 教學目標：

　　本單元重點詞匯、短語和語言點知識

　　【具體教學過程】

　　9b unit 1

　　一、重點單詞

　　機器人 n.    robot

　　片劑，藥片n. pill

　　網，網絡 n.   net

　　吉他 n.      guitar

　　太陽鏡 n.    sunglasses

　　帳篷 n.      tent

　　儲藏，存儲 v. store

　　表面n.         surface

　　干縮的，干的adj. dried

　　想象，設想v. imagine

　　擁擠的adj. crowded

　　被污染的adj. polluted

　　可以指望；懷希望地adv. hopefully

　　宇宙飛船n.     spacecraft

　　航天飛機n.     space shuttle

　　人；人的n. & adj. human

　　發展v. develop

　　移居者n. settler

　　流行的，時髦的adj. fashionable

　　各種各樣的，不同的adj. various

　　鞏固練習：

　　1. in summer travelers wear their s______________________ because of the bright sunshine.

　　2. h_____________________, we can build a better world on mars.

　　3. my friend is musical. he is good at playing the g____________.

　　4. when you are ill, you should take p___________________ on time.

　　5. it’s great that r________________ do all the work for us.

　　6. if you go camping, you should take a t________________ with you.

　　7. fishing n________________ is useless on the moon.

　　8. last summer holiday i went to beijing and i took lots of photos with my c______________

　　9. scientists should d     ________       plants that can grow on mars.

　　10. the boots will probably become f       _________         .

　　二、重點短語

　　1、與某人相處得好   get on well with sb.

　　2、認識某人  get to know sb

　　3、被照顧  be cared for

　　4、使我不開心   make me unhappy

　　5、三副太陽鏡   three pairs of sunglasses

　　6、避免漂浮   prevent floating

　　7、連接到氧氣罐   be connected to the air tank

　　8、在星球的表面   on the surface of the planet

　　9、到21XX年為止  by the year 2100

　　10、越來越擁擠和受到污染   more and more crowded and polluted

　　11、3/8的引力   three-eighths of the gravity

　　12、運送大量的人    carry large numbers of people

　　13、飄進太空    float away into space

　　14、不同的設計供定居者選擇  different designs for settlers to choose from

　　三、課文結構和語言點知識

　　paragraph 1: why we move to mars?

　　1. moving to mars （l.1）

　　move :

　　① move to 搬家，搬遷

　　他家去年搬到加拿大去了。

　　his family _________________ _________ canada last year.

　　他們正準備搬到北京。

　　they are__________________ ________beijing.

　　② move 用作動詞，可以表示“移動，前進，走棋”。

　　don’t move! 

　　該你走棋了。  

　　it’s your turn ________ _____________!

　　③ move 用作動詞還可以表示“使感動；打動”。

　　我被這部電影深深地打動了。

　　i ________ deeply ___________ by the film.

　　2. at the moment it may be difficult to imagine, but many people believe that, by the year 2100, we will live on the planet mars.（l. 2）

　　① may be 可能是　情態動詞may＋動詞原形

　　這可能是一本好書。

　　this may be a good book.

　　火星上可能有空氣。

　　there may be air on mars.

　　maybe 副詞＝probably，修飾動詞、句子。

　　maybe this is a good book.

　　maybe there is air on mars.

　　② it’s＋adj.＋（for sb.）to do sth.

　　對我們來說學好英語很有必要。

　　it’s necessary for us to learn english well.

　　③ imagine v.    （adj.）imaginative （n.）imagination

　　你能想象沒有電腦的生活嗎？

　　can you imagine life without computers?

　　想象一下生活在月球。

　　imagine living on the moon.

　　想象一下火星上的生活可能是什么樣。

　　imagine what life could be like on the mars.

　　3. our own planet, earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted.（l. 3-4）

　　①more and more 越來越多　

　　越來越多的人/污染  

　　more and more people / more and more pollution

　　越來越少（不可數）　

　　less and less       

　　越來越少（可數）

　　fewer and fewer

　　②比較級＋比較級：“越來越”

　　越來越容易/越來越強大

　　easier and easier / stronger and stronger

　　越來越擁擠/越來越受到污染

　　more and more crowded / more and more polluted

　　4. hopefully, we can start again and build a better world.（l. 5）

　　n./v. hope   adj. hopeful         adv. hopefully

　　無論我們身在何地，都不能失去希望。

　　wherever we are, we should not lose our ______________.

　　充滿希望

　　be full of hope: be hopeful

　　他有希望贏得第一名。

　　he is _______________ to get the first prize.

　　______________________, he will win the first prize.

　　5. here is what life might be like.（l. 6）

　　賓語從句：主前動后是語序。

　　這部電影展示了老北京的樣子。

　　this film shows what old beijing was like.

　　你能告訴我他住哪里嗎？

　　can you tell me where he lives?

　　paragraph 2: transport on mars

　　1. first of all, the transport should be much better.（l. 7）

　　① first of all首先（最為重要的是）

　　首先把所有單詞記住。

　　first of all, remember all the words.

　　at first 起先，開始。

　　at first, i find english a bit difficult.

　　②much better

　　much＋比較級   表示程度

　　我的頭發比她的長很多。

　　my hair is much longer than hers.

　　he is _________ busy ____ help me.

　　a. so much , that     b. much too, to     c. too much, to      d. so much, to

　　修飾比較級的副詞：

　　even, far, a lot, a little, a bit

　　2. our spacecraft are too slow to carry large numbers of people to mars.（l. 7-8）

　　① spacecraft  復數__________________________

　　chinese, japanese, spacecraft, fish, sheep, deer（單復數同形）

　　② too … to 太……以致于不能……

　　she is too young to look after herself.

　　“too…to”結構可以轉換成 “so …that…”或 “not＋形容詞＋enough”句型。

　　the little boy is too short to reach the apple.

　　the boy is __________ short ____________ he can’t reach the apple.

　　the boy isn’t ____________ __________________ _________ reach the apple.

　　③ large numbers of 許多的，大量的

　　＝a（large）number of＝a（great）number of

　　很多樹

　　large numbers of trees

　　the number of … ……的數量

　　學生的數量

　　the number of the students

　　3. the journey might take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light.（l. 9-11）

　　① 比較: 旅行 journey, travel, tour, trip, voyage

　　② take 在這兒表示 “花時間”.

　　it takes（took）sb. some time to do sth.

　　同意短語:

　　sb. spend time/money（in）doing sth. / on sth.

　　她每天花半小時練習跳舞。

　　it ______________ her half an hour _______ ____________________dancing.

　　she ______________ half an hour _______ ______________________ dancing.

　　she ______________  half an hour ______ ______________________.

　　（sth.）cost sb. money 某物花了某人多少錢

　　③ speed  n.

　　at full/ top speed 以全速

　　at a high /low speed

　　at a speed of…  以……的速度

　　以光速的一半的速度

　　at half the speed of light

　　v. speeded （sped）

　　speed up 加速

　　paragraph 3: food, water and air

　　1. humans need food, water and air to survive.（l. 12）

　　① human  a human    humans

　　germans   walkmans    policeman

　　②need（行為動詞）翻譯成“必須”，“需要”

　　1）need sth. to do sth. 需要某物去做某事

　　我們需要一些水喝。

　　we need some water to drink.

　　他們需要一些人去幫他們。

　　they need some people to help them.

　　2）（不）需要做某事

　　（don’t）need to do sth.

　　我不需要思考這個問題。

　　i don’t need to think about this question.                           

　　③ need（情態動詞）翻譯成“必須”，“必要”

　　（不）必要做某事

　　need（not）do sth.

　　你不必擔心。

　　you needn’t worry.

　　④ need（名詞）需要

　　the need for money

　　the need to improve my english

　　people in need

　　2. scientists will develop plants that can grow on mars.（l. 12）

　　develop   vi./ vt.

　　工業在迅速發展。

　　industry is developing rapidly.

　　這個鎮是由一個漁村發展起來的。

　　the town developed from/ out of a fishing village.

　　the fishing village developed into a town.

　　he has developed the habit of getting up early.

　　the pioneers are developing the waste land.

　　develop natural resources/ solar energy

　　the photo will look nice when they are developed.

　　培養興趣

　　___________________ _____________________

　　3. however, nobody is not sure if these plants can produce enough water.（l.14-15）

　　be sure of/ about 確信

　　are you sure of/ about his coming in time?

　　be sure to do  一定會，一定要

　　she is sure to find out the truth tonight.

　　make sure（of）確保

　　he arrived at the cinema early to make sure of a seat.

　　paragraph 4: gravity

　　1. the gravity on mars is only about three-eighths of the gravity on earth.（l.16）

　　分數的表達方法： 分子用基數，分母用序數；分子大于一分母加“s”

　　三分之一

　　one third    one out of three

　　九分之二

　　two ninths

　　百分數  

　　percent/  per cent

　　我們年級有五分之一的學生來自其他城市。

　　one fifth of the students in our grade are from other cities.

　　70%的水來自于海洋。

　　70 percent of the water is from sea.

　　2. to prevent this, humans on mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier.（l.19-20）

　　prevent （vt.及物動詞）防止，預防

　　prevent diseases

　　使……不做某事，阻止……做某事

　　prevent sb. from doing sth.

　　姚明的腿受傷了。這使他不能打籃球。

　　yao ming’s leg is hurt. this prevents him from playing basketball.

　　paragraph 5: life

　　compared with life on earth, life on mars will be better in many ways.（l.23）

　　1. 過去分詞作狀語。過去分詞與主句的主語是動賓關系，即過去分詞與主語是被動關系。

　　（1）the teacher came into classroom into the lab, followed by some students.   

　　句意為：老師進入教室，后面跟了一些學生。

　　teacher 與followed 形成被動關系                     

　　（2）given a chance, i can surprise the world.

　　鞏固練習:

　　（1）____in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

　　a. having lost      b. lost         c. being lost       d. losing

　　（2）the flowers his friend gave him will die unless（除非）______ every day.（四川高考）

　　a. watered       b. watering         c. water         d. to water

　　2. in many ways    在很多方面

　　by the way  順便問一下

　　make one’s way  排除困難前進

　　in one’s way 礙事，妨礙

　　on one’s way 在去……的路上

　　in this way 用這種方法

　　the soldiers cut a way through the forest.

　　開出一條路

　　this way, please.

　　man is trying to find ways to stop pollution.

　　paragraph 6: study

　　paragraph 7: some disadvantages on mars