語法難點精析之被分隔的定語從句】
瑪麗有獲得一等獎的決心.
he has drawn a conclusion to go abroad with his family.(不用of winning)
他已作出了攜家去國外的決定.
⑵hope, risk, possibility, impossibility, probability, intention, prospect, responsiblility, aim等,一般只能用of doing作后置定語.
如:
in fact,tere is no hope of their winning the game.
事實上,他們沒有希望贏得這場比賽.(不能說for them to win)
he will run the risk of losing his life to save the child.
他將冒生命危險去救那個孩子.
⑶way, chance, need, necessity, right, freedom, power, opportunity,ability等,既可用不定式短語,又可用of doing短語作后置定語.
如:
their chance to go(of ging) abroad was lost.
他們失去了出國的機會.
he has the right to do (of doing) that.
他有權(quán)那樣做.
【語法難點精析之用to do還是of doing作后置定語】
不同的名詞,對這兩種后置定語的選擇是有區(qū)別的,有的只能用to do,有的只可用of doing,有的兩種都可以.現(xiàn)分述如下:
⑴will, willingness, suggestion, conclusion, decision, permission, agreement, refusal, determination, proposal, resolution等,一般用不定式作后置定語.
如:
mary has the will to win the first prize.(不用of winning)
瑪麗有獲得一等獎的決心.
he has drawn a conclusion to go abroad with his family.(不用of winning)
他已作出了攜家去國外的決定.
⑵hope, risk, possibility, impossibility, probability, intention, prospect, responsiblility, aim等,一般只能用of doing作后置定語.
如:
in fact,tere is no hope of their winning the game.
事實上,他們沒有希望贏得這場比賽.(不能說for them to win)
he will run the risk of losing his life to save the child.
他將冒生命危險去救那個孩子.
⑶way, chance, need, necessity, right, freedom, power, opportunity,ability等,既可用不定式短語,又可用of doing短語作后置定語.
如:
their chance to go(of ging) abroad was lost.
他們失去了出國的機會.
he has the right to do (of doing) that.
他有權(quán)那樣做.
虛擬語氣的重點是：
1.一些常見的虛擬語氣的句型或結(jié)構(gòu)。
2.虛擬語氣的特殊形式，即用來表示要求、建議、命令、提議、意愿等的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬形式。
3.主從句表示不同的時間概念、事實或假設(shè)情況，從而交錯成為復(fù)合虛擬語氣。
4.含蓄條件句中的虛擬語氣的表示愿望的虛擬形式。
上述四個要點往往在完形填空或者閱讀理解里面存在，尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考這方面的知識的題目，而在閱讀理解里，我們掌握上述四個重點對于我們理解文章的大意和作者態(tài)度很有幫助，了解哪些觀點是作者假設(shè)的、虛擬的，哪些是真實的，這樣對于我們回答關(guān)于作者態(tài)度觀點題很有幫助。
下面我們將主要從上述四個方面來重點論述在考試中應(yīng)該注意的問題。
一、虛擬語氣的常見類型和句型
（1）由wish引起的表示愿望的虛擬語氣
a.用wish表示對現(xiàn)在的愿望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：過去式（be動詞用were）。