Unit 5 Learning about China.

    關系代詞有：who，whom，whose，that，which等。    關系副詞有：when，where，why等。1. 關系代詞引導的定語從句     關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。（1）who，whom，that    這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：     is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）    he is the man whom/ that i saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）（2）whose 用來指人或物，（只用作定語，若指物，它還可以同of which互換），例如：    they rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.   那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。    please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.  請遞給我那本綠皮的書。（3）which，that     它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：    a prosperity （興隆，繁榮，旺盛）which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）    the package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作賓語） 2. 關系代詞that 的用法 （1）不用that的情況    （a）在引導非限定性定語從句時。    （錯）the tree，that is four hundred years old，is very famous here.     （b）介詞后不能用。    we depend on the land from which we get our food.     we depend on the land that/which we get our food from. （2）只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況    （a）在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。    （b）在不定代詞，如：anything，nothing，the one，all，much，few，any，little等作先行詞時，只用that，不用which。    （c）先行詞有the only，the very修飾時，只用that。     （d）先行詞為序數詞、數詞、形容詞最高級時，只用that。    （e）先行詞既有人，又有物時。舉例：    all that is needed is a supply of oil.  所需的只是供油問題。    finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.  那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。 【典型例題】例1. this is the very watch _______ i have been looking for. a. which              b. that                  c. who               d. whom