九年級(jí)英語How do you study for a test教案
li lei sits by my side in the classroom.在教室里，李雷坐在我的旁邊。
◎“在……之前，不遲于……”。
i can finish doing my homework by six o’clock. 我能在6點(diǎn)之前做完作業(yè)。
◎表示交通方式，意為“乘……”。
i usually go to school by bike. 我通常騎自行車去上學(xué)。
特別提示
by作副詞時(shí)，相當(dāng)于near，意為“靠近”。
the thief stole the money when no one was by.當(dāng)旁邊無人的時(shí)候，小偷偷走了錢。
短語鏈接
◎by and by “不久”,“一會(huì)兒”。
it’s 12 o’clock now and we will go home by and by.
現(xiàn)在12點(diǎn)了，過一會(huì)兒我們就要回家了。
◎by the way “順便說一下”。
by the way, i forgot to tell you the news. 哦，對(duì)了，我忘記告訴你那個(gè)消息了。
2. he’s been learning english for six years and really loves it. (p4)他已經(jīng)學(xué)了六年的英語，而且的確很喜歡它。
he’s是he has的縮寫。這是一個(gè)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的句子，由“助動(dòng)詞have/has+been+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，用來表示動(dòng)作從過去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能還要延續(xù)下去。請(qǐng)看：
mr green has been lying in bed for two weeks. 格林先生已經(jīng)臥床兩個(gè)星期了。
we have been teaching in this school for eight and a half years.
我們?cè)谶@所學(xué)校教書已經(jīng)8年半了。
3. she added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all. (p4)她補(bǔ)充說，和朋友交談一點(diǎn)幫助都沒有。
（1）add的常見意思為“增加，添上，加上”。在本句中表示在說完上面的話語后又添加一些話語，是“又說，補(bǔ)充說”的意思。
it will add to your troubles. 這將會(huì)給你們?cè)鎏砺闊┑摹?/p>
mr smith added that he would be back soon.
史密斯先生補(bǔ)充說他很快就會(huì)回來。
（2）at all與not, no, nothing, nobody, nowhere等表示否定意義的詞連用，用來加強(qiáng)否定意義，表示“完全不，一點(diǎn)兒都不，絲毫不”的意思。
he doesn’t like swimming at all.他一點(diǎn)兒都不喜歡游泳。
there is nothing in the room at all.房間里面什么東西都沒有。
◎not at all單獨(dú)使用時(shí)，用來回答對(duì)方的感謝或道歉，相當(dāng)于that’s all right, you’re welcome等。但是,you’re welcome主要用于美國(guó)英語中，而英國(guó)人則多用not at all。
—thank you very much for your help.非常感謝你的幫助！
—not at all./that’s all right./you’re welcome.別客氣。
4. we get excited about something and then end up speaking in chinese. (p4) 有些話題讓我們興奮不已 ，最后干脆說起漢語來。
（1）be/get excited about意思是“對(duì)……感到興奮”，其中about后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。
she got excited about it as soon as she heard the good news.
她一聽到那個(gè)好消息，就變得很興奮。
are you excited about going to shanghai? 你對(duì)去上海感到興奮嗎？
類似短語
be/get worried about “對(duì)……感到擔(dān)心”，be amazed at“對(duì)……感到驚訝”，be pleased with“對(duì)……感到滿意”。
(2)excited表示某人對(duì)某物或某事“感到興奮，激動(dòng)”，主語常為人。
we were excited when we saw our team was winning.