九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)Unit 5It must belong to Carla復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案
一. can和could的區(qū)別和用法
1.can表示體力和腦力方面的能力,或根據(jù)客觀條件能做某種動(dòng)作的”能力”。
例如:
can you speak english?
what can i do for you?
can you make a cake?
can用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中時(shí)有時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人的 “猜測(cè)”或 “不肯定”。
例如:
where can he be?
can the news be true?
(在日常會(huì)話中,can可代替may表示”允許”,may比較正式)
2. could 是 can的過(guò)去式,表示過(guò)去有過(guò)的能力和可能性,還有懷疑和不肯定的意思(在否定和疑問(wèn)句中)。
例如:
the doctor said he could help him.(能力)
she couldn't skate when she was five years old. (能力)
at that time we thought the story could be true.(可能性)
could用來(lái)提問(wèn),是有禮貌的請(qǐng)求 could.... please? 語(yǔ)氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)。
例如:
could i speak to mr. smith, please?
could you help us carry this box, please?
二. 跟上組詞一樣, might也是may的過(guò)去式,其用法如下:
1. may的用法:
a. 表示”允許”或”請(qǐng)求”。
例如:
may i come in?
在使用這一用法時(shí)需注意: may表示”允許”的否定形式是must not,意思是”不應(yīng)該”“不許可”。
例如:
—may i take this book out of the reading-room?
—no,you mustn't.不行。
b. 表示說(shuō)話人的猜測(cè),認(rèn)為某一事情”或許”或”可能”發(fā)生。
例如:
he may know the answer.
tomorrow i may go shopping.
c. may用在感嘆句中可表示祝愿、愿望。
例如:
may you succeed.(祝你成功。)
may you have a pleasant journey.(一路平安。)
2. might的用法:
a. might可以代替may,表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,但語(yǔ)氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)客氣或更加不肯定。
例如:
he might not come today.
might i take a suggestion?
b. might用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間時(shí),還可表示”規(guī)勸”。
例如:
you might pay more attention to spoken english.
三. must與have to的區(qū)別
have to比較強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要,must著重說(shuō)明主觀看法。另外have to能用于更多時(shí)態(tài),比較下面的句子:
we had to be there at ten.我們得在十點(diǎn)鐘到那里。
we'll have to reconsider the whole thing.這一切我將不得不重新加以考慮。
有時(shí)兩者都可以用,意思差別不大。
例如:
we must have to leave now.我們得走了。
must在表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)事物的推測(cè)時(shí)候要注意它比may肯定得多,相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的”一定”或”準(zhǔn)是”。(只有在肯定句中能這樣用。)
this must be your room.
there must be a mistake.
在回答由must引起的問(wèn)題時(shí),如果是否定的答復(fù),不能用mustn't,而需要用needn't或don't have to,因?yàn)閙ustn't是”一定不要”的意思。
例如:
—must we hand in our exercises today?