九年級英語下冊 unit2--unit4教學(xué)案2
spend后接時(shí)間或錢+on sth.意為“在……上花時(shí)間或錢”；
spend后接時(shí)間或錢+(in)doing sth.意為“花時(shí)間或錢做某事”其中介詞in可以省略。如：
she spends too much money on clothes.她在衣服上花太多的錢。
i spent 200 dollars on this digital cameras.我花了兩百美元買了這部數(shù)碼照相機(jī)。
how much did you spend on this shirt? 你買這件襯衣花了多少錢?
does he spend much time playing computer games?他花許多時(shí)間玩電腦游戲嗎？
cost的主語為事物或形式主語，賓語為金錢或時(shí)間等，cost不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：
the car cost (him) too much. 這輛小車花了（他）很多錢。
the watch cost me more than one hundred dollars.這塊手表花了我一百多美元。
take的主語多是代替后面動(dòng)詞不定式的形式主語it, 也可以是人或某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，常用句型為it takes/took(sb.)some time to do sth., 意為“花費(fèi)（某人）……的時(shí)間做某事”。如：
it took me three days to finish reading the novel.
我用3天時(shí)間看完了那本小說。
it takes me over an hour to do my homework every day.
我每天花費(fèi)一個(gè)多小時(shí)做作業(yè)。
the flight from shanghai to los angeles takes more than fourteen hours.
從上海飛往洛杉磯需要14小時(shí)以上。
pay的主語只能是人，常用 pay(sb.)(some money) for sth. 的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“付（某人）錢買某物”。如：
she paid ten yuan for the book. 她花了十元錢買這本書。
i paid him 1,000 dollars for that second-hand car.
我付給他一千美元買那輛二手車。
10.it consists mainly of a hill and a man-made lake, with bridges, pagodas and halls all over the area.它主要由一座山和一個(gè)人工湖組成，整個(gè)區(qū)域有一些橋、寶塔和走廊。
consist of sth.相當(dāng)于be made up of 意思為“由……組成”，如：
①the band consists of a singer, two guitarists and a drummer.這支樂隊(duì)由一位歌手、兩位吉他手及一位鼓手組成。
②this school consists of an office and some classrooms.這所學(xué)校由一個(gè)辦公室和幾間教室組成。
11.it is a long wall which runs more than 5,000 kilometres across northern china.它是一段長長的城墻，橫穿中國北部，綿延5000多公里。
across, through, over：三者均可作“穿過”“越過”解。但是，across表示動(dòng)作在某物的表面進(jìn)行；through表示動(dòng)作在某一事物內(nèi)部進(jìn)行；over表示從某物的上方越過。如：
①go across the bridge, then you will find the post office. 過了橋，你就會(huì)看到郵局。
②be careful when you go across the road. 過馬路時(shí)要小心。
③this road goes through the forest. 這條路穿過森林。
④i can see you through the window.透過窗戶我可以看到你。
⑤go over the hill and you will find them.
翻過這座小山，你就會(huì)找到他們的。
12.it lies on the two sides of li river.它位于漓江兩岸。
lie意思是“處于某位置”，如：
the hills lie to the north of the town.小鎮(zhèn)的北面有山。
lie, lie, lay三個(gè)動(dòng)詞很容易使人混淆。
lie（說謊）是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，其過去式和過去分詞都是lied, 現(xiàn)在分詞為lying。當(dāng)然lie也可以用作名詞，意為“撒謊”。