2019中考英語詞類和句子成分的關系

　　5.表語：在連系動詞后用來說明主語的身份、狀態或特征的成分是表語。可作表語的有：名詞、代詞、形容詞、介詞短語、不定式、動名詞以及表語從句。（參見簡單句的五種基本句型三）
　　1)wang lin’s father is a doctor. (名詞a doctor作表語，說明主語的身份是doctor)
　　2)he is from america. （介詞短語from america作表語，說明主語的特征是“來自美國“）
　　3)the baby is asleep. (形容詞asleep作表語，說明主語的狀態是“睡著的”)
　　4)his work is teaching english. (動名詞短語teaching english作表語，說明主語特征是“教英語”)
　　5)this is why he was late for school(表語從句why he was late for school作表語。)
　　6.定語：用來修飾名詞或代詞的成分是定語。單詞作定語通常放在它所修飾的詞前；但修飾復合不定代詞（nothing, anything, everything, something , somebody , anybody, …..）時，則放在這些不定代詞之后。短語和從句作定語時，也放在被修飾詞之后。形容詞、名詞、代詞、數詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、現在分詞、過去分詞和定語從句等都可作定語。
　　1)he is reading an interesting book. (形容詞interesting作定語,修飾名詞book)
　　2)i have something important to tell you. (形容詞important以及不定式to tell you作定語，修飾不定代詞something)
　　3)there are few women workers in the factory. (形容詞few 以及名詞women作定語修飾名詞workers)
　　4)the oil workers here come from daqing. (名詞oil以及副詞here作定語修飾名詞workers)
　　5)we have got ten desks in the room. (數詞ten修飾名詞desks)
　　6)yesterday the scientist made a report on modern science. （介詞短語on modern science作定語修飾名詞report.）
　　7)the girl playing the piano is my younger sister. (現在分詞短語playing the piano作定語修飾名詞girl)
　　8)this is the new dictionary which i bought yesterday. (定語從句which i bought yesterday作定語修飾名詞dictionary)
7.狀語：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句的成分是狀語。修飾形容詞的狀語通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，修飾動詞的狀語通常放在動詞后。但有些副詞（如：often , always , usually等作狀語放在事義動詞之前，be /助/情之后）。副詞、介詞短語、名詞詞組、動詞不定式、分詞短語和狀語從句都可以作狀語。
　　1)he knows how to learn english well. (副詞well作狀語，修飾動詞learn)
　　2)my parents often tell us about their hard life in the past. (副詞often作狀語，修飾動詞tell)
　　3)her mother usually goes out to do some shopping on sundays. (副詞usually以及介詞短語on sundays作狀語，修飾動詞goes)
　　4)he will leave for shanghai the day after tomorrow. (名詞詞組the day after tomorrow作狀語，修飾動詞will leave)
　　5)he came here to see you. (動詞不定式to see you作目的狀語，
　　6)he sat there reading a novel (現在分詞短語reading a novel作狀語修飾動詞sat)