Unit 2 Fishing with birds知識點及練習題
8. *dive down 潛入水中
9. * up to 到…之多
10. produce v. * product n. * producer n.
11. joy enjoy * enjoyment n.
12. *employ v. employee n employer n.
13. * grateful =thankful ungrateful a. gratefully ad.
14. *imagine v. 相象 imaginative a. imagination n.
15. hang hung hung 懸掛 * hanged hanged 絞死
16. * be known as 被譽為
17. popular * popularity n.
18. skill n. * skillful a.
三 .語法篇
被動語態
被動語態由“be + 及物動詞的過去分詞”構成。
一、 用法
(一) 不知道或沒有必要或不想指出誰是動作的執行者時,用被動語態。
our school was built in 1965.
(二) 強調或突出動作的承受者時,用被動語態。
i was hit by tom.
(三) 方法
將主動語態的賓語變為被動語態的主語;將謂語動詞變為 be + p.p (過去分詞);如有必要,將主動語態的主語變為介詞 by 的賓語。
例如:1. people speak english in many countries in the world.
① ② ③
english is spoken (by people) in many countries.
③ ② ①
一般現在時態: am /is /are +pp
一般過去時態: was/were +pp.
一般將來時態: will be +pp
含有情態動詞; 情態動詞+be +pp
注意事項:
1. 主動結構的主語變為介詞by的賓語,組成介詞短語,放在被動結構中謂語動詞之后,在動作的執行者無須說明或不必強調時,by短語可以省略。例如:
mother took good care of the children.
the children were taken good care of.
2. 含有直接賓語和間接賓語的主動結構變為被動結構時,可以將其中一個賓語變為主語,另一個不動。一般是主動結構的間接賓語(人)變為被動結構的主語。例如:
we gave him a book.
he was given a book.
如果直接賓語(物)變為主語,間接賓語前要加上介詞to或for。能帶雙賓語的動詞大部分加to, 如give, bring, tell等;也有的加for,如;buy, make, sing, draw等.例如:
we gave him a book. a book was given to him.