初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)提綱3
[注意]用must(必須)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)時(shí),肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t；用must(一定)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)時(shí),肯定回答仍用must,但是否定回答用can’t.如：must we clean the room before we leave? –yes,you must.或no,you needn’t.(我們走之前必須要打掃房間嗎？是的,必須打掃。/ 不,不需要。) / must she be in the romm? –yes,she must.或no,she can’t.(她一定在房間里嗎？是的,一定。/ 不,不可能在。)⑤ “have to”表示“不得不”、“必須”。we’ll have to leave now for it is very late at night. have to的疑問(wèn)形式是：助動(dòng)詞+…+have to,否定形式是：助動(dòng)詞+not+have to或者用needn’t.如：do you have to stay until 8 o’clock?(你得呆到8點(diǎn)鐘嗎？)/ you don’t have to do so.(=you needn’t do so.)(你不用這么做)⑥ shall在問(wèn)句中,可表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn),與第一人稱(chēng)連用；在陳述句的第二、三人稱(chēng)的主語(yǔ)后或表示“命令”、“警告”、“允許”等。如：shall we go to the zoo this weekend?(我們這個(gè)周末去動(dòng)物園好嗎？)/ he shall bring his own book next time.(他下次必須帶自己的書(shū)來(lái))⑦ should可表示“勸告”、“建議”、“驚奇”等意思。we should speak to old people politely.(我們應(yīng)該禮貌地對(duì)老人講話(huà))⑧ will表示“意愿”、“決心”等意思,一般與第二人稱(chēng)連用。如：will you please close the door for me?(請(qǐng)你替我把門(mén)關(guān)上好嗎？)/ i will teach you a lesson.(我要教訓(xùn)你一頓)⑨would表示過(guò)去的“意愿”、“決心”等。he would sit near the fire every time he returned home.(每次他回到家中總要坐在火爐邊)would也可以表示現(xiàn)在的情況,表達(dá)說(shuō)話(huà)人向?qū)Ψ教岢龅囊?語(yǔ)氣比“will”婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣。在日常會(huì)話(huà)中,“我想要…”通常用“i would like to”或“i should(i’d) like to”來(lái)表示。如：would you like to have a rest at the moment?(你現(xiàn)在想要休息一下嗎？) would還可以表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情。如：every year parents would tell their children about the boy who would save his people.(每一年父母?jìng)兛偸窍蚝⒆觽冎v述這個(gè)將會(huì)拯救他的人民的男孩的事)⑩ need表示“需要”,用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句。“need”作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí),在肯定、否定、疑問(wèn)句中都可以用。如：he needn’t do it in such a hurry.(他不需要如此匆忙地做這件事)/ he needs some help.(他需要一些幫助)/ he doesn’t need to bring his football socks then.(那么他就無(wú)須帶上足球襪了)⑾ dare是“敢”的意思,用法幾乎與“need”完全相同,即在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中,可以作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,后面用不帶“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式。在肯定句中和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一樣,后面的動(dòng)詞不定式要帶“to”。how dare you say i am a fool?(你竟敢說(shuō)我是個(gè)傻瓜？)/ he didn’t dare to touch the red button.(他不敢觸碰那個(gè)紅色的按鈕)⑿ ‘d better (do)(“最好是”)一般也當(dāng)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用,否定式是：’d better not (do). 如：you’d better sit here and say nothing.(你最好坐在這兒不講話(huà))/ you’d better not speak because he is sleeping.(你最好不要講話(huà)因?yàn)樗谒X(jué))