初中英語語法總復習提綱3

規 則變 化

原形動詞結尾情況

現在時單三人稱

現 在 分 詞

過去式和過去分詞一般情況+s+ing+eds,x,ch,sh,o結尾+es+ing+ed輔音字母+y結尾y→i,+es+ingy→i,+ed重讀閉音節一元一輔結尾+s雙寫輔音字母,+ing雙寫輔音字母,+ed不發音的e結尾+s去掉e,+ing+die結尾+sie→y,+ing+d不規則變化have→has；be→is(無)   (見不規則動詞變化表)注意：①在加ing或ed時動詞如果以“r”結尾,尾音節又重讀的動詞,“r”應雙寫。②s/es的讀音規則：在清輔音后讀[s]；在濁輔音后和元音后讀[z]；在[ s ]、[ f]、[z]、[tf]、[dv]后讀[iz].③ed的讀音規則：在清輔音后讀[t]；在濁輔音后和元音后讀[d]；在[t]、[d]后讀[id].(2)不規則動詞變化表：( 原形 → 過去式 → 過去分詞)be(am,is)   wasbeenloselostlost be(are) werebeenmakemademade beat beatbeatenmaymight　 become becamebecomemeanmeantmeant begin beganbegunmeetmetmet blowblewblownmistakemistookmistaken breakbrokebrokenmustmust　 bringbroughtbroughtpaypaidpaid buildbuiltbuiltputputput buyboughtboughtreadreadread cancould　rideroderidden catchcaughtcaughtringrangrung choosechosechosenriseroserisen comecamecomerunranrun costcostcostsaysaidsaid cutcutcutseesawseen digdugdugsellsoldsold dodiddonesendsentsent drawdrewdrawnsetsetset drinkdrankdrunkshallshould　 drivedrovedrivenshineshoneshoneeatateeatenshowshowedshownfallfellfallenshutshutshutfeelfeltfeltsingsangsungfindfoundfoundsinksank/sunksunk/sunkenflyflewflownsitsetsetforgetforgotforgot/forgottensleepsleptsleptfreezefrozefrozensmellsmeltsmeltgetgotgotspeakspokespokengivegavegivenspendspentspentgowentgonespillspiltspiltgrowgrewgrownspoilspoiltspoilthanghung/hangedhung/hangedstandstoodstoodhave(has)hadhadsweepsweptswepthearheardheardswimswamswumhidehidhiddentaketooktakenhithithitteachtaughttaughtholdheldheldtelltoldtoldhurthurthurtthinkthoughtthoughtkeepkeptkeptthrowthrewthrownknowknewknownunderstandunderstoodunderstoodlaylaidlaidwakewoke/wakedwoken/wakedlearnlearnt/learnedlearnt/learnedwearworewornleaveleftleftwillwould　lendlentlentwinwonwonletletletwritewrotewittenlielaylain　　　3、be(“是/存在”)動詞的各種時態變化：

一 般 現 在 時

一 般 將 來 時

現 在 完 成 時i am….you are.…he/she/it is….we/you/they are….(i等各人稱) will be….i am             he/she/it is        going to be…  we/you/they are i have been….you have been….she/he/it has been….we/you/they have been….

一 般 過 去 時

過 去 將 來 時