Chapter3. Planning for the Perfect Wedding-grammar-(精選3篇)
Chapter3. Planning for the Perfect Wedding-grammar- 篇1
chapter3. planning for the perfect wedding-grammar
教學(xué)目標(biāo):1. 復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí);
2. 區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,并掌握關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的用法;
3. 掌握“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的用法。
教學(xué)內(nèi)容
step1. revision
i. 用who,that, which, whom, whose填空
1. is he the man ___________ wants to see you?
2. he is the man ___________ i saw yesterday.
3. they rushed over to help the man ___________ car had broken down.
4. the package ___________ you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
ii. 填上所缺的詞。
1. the time _______ you first met nelson mandela was a very difficult period of your life.
2. the school ________ i studied only two years was three kilometers away.
3. the day _______ nelson mandela told me what to do and helped me was one of the
happiest days of my life.
4. until today we have reached a stage _______ we have almost no rights at all.
5. mandela was the black lawyer ____ _______ i went for advice.
6. the parts of the town ____ _______ they had to live were decided by white people.
7. we were put into a position ____ _______ we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government.
step 2 expanantion
對(duì)比上面兩組句子中所填詞的區(qū)別,總結(jié)關(guān)系副詞和“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的用法。
一.關(guān)系副詞
1. 關(guān)系副詞包括when, where, why.
2. 關(guān)系副詞的用法:
條件一:先行詞時(shí)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因的詞;
條件二:從句部分缺少狀語(yǔ)。
the time when【you first met nelson mandela】 was a very difficult period of your life.
先行詞 主 + 謂+ 賓(缺少狀語(yǔ))
(表時(shí)間)
分析并完成下列句子,體會(huì)關(guān)系副詞的用法:
1. mary brown moved to a place _______she was close to the sea, so she could go swimming every day.
2. that was the reason _______i had to go to hospital.
3. harvard is a world-famous university where/from which wang an got his doctor’s degree.
4. in 1951 dr wang founded his own company where/ in which computers were made.
5. dr wang died in 1990 when it was developing rapidly all over the world.
二.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的用法。
【關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)】關(guān)系代詞whom, which前介詞的選擇由先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配或后半句動(dòng)詞的搭配而決定。
1. the speed at which light travels is 300000km per second.(由先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配決定)
(at the speed of)
2. this is the teacher from whom i borrow the book. (borrow from)(動(dòng)詞詞組)
3. don’t bring the children to see the animals of which they are afraid. (be afraid of)
【拓展】關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句可以換成“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)。
1. this was a time when you had got to have a passbook to live in johannesburg.
this was a time at which you had got to have a passbook to live in johannesburg.
2. wang an spent 3years in harvard university where he studied applied physics.
wang an spent 3years in harvard university in which he studied applied physics.
3. that was the reason why i had to go to hospital.
that was the reason for which i had to go to hospital.
【隨堂練習(xí)】
1. 找出下列各句中定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞,并指出其功能
1)i still remember the days when we studied in middle school. (狀語(yǔ))
2)i still remember the days which we spent in the island in our holidays (賓語(yǔ)).
3)the factory where my father works is very big.(_________)
4)the factory which is near my home is very big.(__________)
5)the factory which we visited is very big. (___________)
6)the factory whose name is hd is very big.(__________)
2.用合適的關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空 :
1 this is the town ___________ i spent my childhood.
2 i will never forget the day __________ new china was founded.
3 the school ___________ he studies was built last year.
4 the reason __________ he didn’t come to class is that he was ill.
5 i don’t like the way ___________ he talks.
6 this was a time __________ you had got to have a passbook to live in the city.
7 the story happened on a day __________ was wet and cold.
8 the story happened on a day ___________ the weather was wet and cold.
9 the place __________ interests the children most is disneyland.
10 the place _________ you stayed for 3 years is now turned to be a park.
11 this is one of the best novels _________ (were / was ) published last year.
12 this is the only one of the best novels _________(were / was) published last year.
13 the doctor did all _________ he could to save the patient.
14 this is the factory _________ they worked ten years ago.
15 those are the labs _________ we visited last years.
16 it is on a sunday afternoon _______ i met linda.
17 he talked of the things and persons ________ he had seen abroad.
18 it was at eight o’clock ________ i got everything ready.
19 it was eight o’clock ________ i got everything ready.
20 it was in the factory ________ we saw all kinds of tv sets.
21 the hospital where he stayed for 3 days is in the center of the city.
the hospital _____ ________ he stayed for 3 days is in the centre of the city.
22 the day when i met him in beijing was sunny.
the day ______ _________ i met him in beijing was sunny.
參考答案
狀語(yǔ);主語(yǔ);賓語(yǔ);定語(yǔ)。
1 where 2 when 3 where 4 why 5 that / in which 6 when 7 which 8 when 9 which / that 10 where 11 that were 12 that was 13 that 14 where 15 that / which 16 that 17 that 18 that 19 when 20 that 21 in which 22 on which
Chapter3. Planning for the Perfect Wedding-grammar- 篇2
chapter3. planning for the perfect wedding-grammar
教學(xué)目標(biāo):1. 復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí);
2. 區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,并掌握關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的用法;
3. 掌握“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的用法。
教學(xué)內(nèi)容
step1. revision
i. 用who,that, which, whom, whose填空
1. is he the man ___________ wants to see you?
2. he is the man ___________ i saw yesterday.
3. they rushed over to help the man ___________ car had broken down.
4. the package ___________ you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
ii. 填上所缺的詞。
1. the time _______ you first met nelson mandela was a very difficult period of your life.
2. the school ________ i studied only two years was three kilometers away.
3. the day _______ nelson mandela told me what to do and helped me was one of the
happiest days of my life.
4. until today we have reached a stage _______ we have almost no rights at all.
5. mandela was the black lawyer ____ _______ i went for advice.
6. the parts of the town ____ _______ they had to live were decided by white people.
7. we were put into a position ____ _______ we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government.
step 2 expanantion
對(duì)比上面兩組句子中所填詞的區(qū)別,總結(jié)關(guān)系副詞和“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的用法。
一.關(guān)系副詞
1. 關(guān)系副詞包括when, where, why.
2. 關(guān)系副詞的用法:
條件一:先行詞時(shí)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因的詞;
條件二:從句部分缺少狀語(yǔ)。
the time when【you first met nelson mandela】 was a very difficult period of your life.
先行詞 主 + 謂+ 賓(缺少狀語(yǔ))
(表時(shí)間)
分析并完成下列句子,體會(huì)關(guān)系副詞的用法:
1. mary brown moved to a place _______she was close to the sea, so she could go swimming every day.
2. that was the reason _______i had to go to hospital.
3. harvard is a world-famous university where/from which wang an got his doctor’s degree.
4. in 1951 dr wang founded his own company where/ in which computers were made.
5. dr wang died in 1990 when it was developing rapidly all over the world.
二.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的用法。
【關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)】關(guān)系代詞whom, which前介詞的選擇由先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配或后半句動(dòng)詞的搭配而決定。
1. the speed at which light travels is 300000km per second.(由先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配決定)
(at the speed of)
2. this is the teacher from whom i borrow the book. (borrow from)(動(dòng)詞詞組)
3. don’t bring the children to see the animals of which they are afraid. (be afraid of)
【拓展】關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句可以換成“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)。
1. this was a time when you had got to have a passbook to live in johannesburg.
this was a time at which you had got to have a passbook to live in johannesburg.
2. wang an spent 3years in harvard university where he studied applied physics.
wang an spent 3years in harvard university in which he studied applied physics.
3. that was the reason why i had to go to hospital.
that was the reason for which i had to go to hospital.
【隨堂練習(xí)】
1. 找出下列各句中定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞,并指出其功能
1)i still remember the days when we studied in middle school. (狀語(yǔ))
2)i still remember the days which we spent in the island in our holidays (賓語(yǔ)).
3)the factory where my father works is very big.(_________)
4)the factory which is near my home is very big.(__________)
5)the factory which we visited is very big. (___________)
6)the factory whose name is hd is very big.(__________)
2.用合適的關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空 :
1 this is the town ___________ i spent my childhood.
2 i will never forget the day __________ new china was founded.
3 the school ___________ he studies was built last year.
4 the reason __________ he didn’t come to class is that he was ill.
5 i don’t like the way ___________ he talks.
6 this was a time __________ you had got to have a passbook to live in the city.
7 the story happened on a day __________ was wet and cold.
8 the story happened on a day ___________ the weather was wet and cold.
9 the place __________ interests the children most is disneyland.
10 the place _________ you stayed for 3 years is now turned to be a park.
11 this is one of the best novels _________ (were / was ) published last year.
12 this is the only one of the best novels _________(were / was) published last year.
13 the doctor did all _________ he could to save the patient.
14 this is the factory _________ they worked ten years ago.
15 those are the labs _________ we visited last years.
16 it is on a sunday afternoon _______ i met linda.
17 he talked of the things and persons ________ he had seen abroad.
18 it was at eight o’clock ________ i got everything ready.
19 it was eight o’clock ________ i got everything ready.
20 it was in the factory ________ we saw all kinds of tv sets.
21 the hospital where he stayed for 3 days is in the center of the city.
the hospital _____ ________ he stayed for 3 days is in the centre of the city.
22 the day when i met him in beijing was sunny.
the day ______ _________ i met him in beijing was sunny.
參考答案
狀語(yǔ);主語(yǔ);賓語(yǔ);定語(yǔ)。
1 where 2 when 3 where 4 why 5 that / in which 6 when 7 which 8 when 9 which / that 10 where 11 that were 12 that was 13 that 14 where 15 that / which 16 that 17 that 18 that 19 when 20 that 21 in which 22 on which
Chapter3. Planning for the Perfect Wedding-grammar- 篇3
chapter3. planning for the perfect wedding-grammar
一、章節(jié)分析
(一)綜述
本章節(jié)主要語(yǔ)法--- 定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句前面一定有一個(gè)名詞(先行詞),這很關(guān)鍵。
(二)目標(biāo)
定語(yǔ)從句起到修飾名詞的作用。教學(xué)生掌握由關(guān)系代詞who, whom, which, that,whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句;限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
(三)教學(xué)方法
通過(guò)一些例句讓學(xué)生理解并掌握定語(yǔ)從句。
讓學(xué)生找出課文中的定語(yǔ)從句并加以分析。
讓學(xué)生造句,翻譯句子等來(lái)鞏固所學(xué)的知識(shí)。
(四)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)
上述都要掌握,難點(diǎn)為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
二、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)(teaching designs)
教學(xué)內(nèi)容 教學(xué)實(shí)施建議 教學(xué)資源參考
lead –in 1. warming up
present the students some pictures of chinese and western weddings and let the students talk about the difference between oriental and western weddings using as many adjective clauses as possible.
wedding process/ place/customs/ banquet/… cxford englsih 課本
practice 在進(jìn)行了短暫熱身練習(xí)之后,教師有意識(shí)地將課文中的定語(yǔ)從句呈現(xiàn)給學(xué)生。e.g.
the bride’s clothes, which are usually expensive, require careful selection.
then do more practice:
接著和學(xué)生一起分別就幾個(gè)句型認(rèn)真理解和操練并完成書中部分練習(xí)。 cxford englsih 課本
exercises and homework 教師自編題目和書后練習(xí)結(jié)合操練 cxford englsih 課本以及課后練習(xí)
本單元的語(yǔ)法部分重點(diǎn)是定語(yǔ)從句:
1. clauses with who, whom, that, which and whose
2. defining and non-defining clauses
我們?cè)诮虒W(xué)過(guò)程中,可以通過(guò)復(fù)習(xí)課文中的一些句型或者是討論課文中的人物來(lái)開始。
[鏈接1]
說(shuō)明:
這是一份關(guān)于定語(yǔ)從句的練習(xí)。
定語(yǔ)從句
例1 誤:thank you for all what you have done for me.
正:thank you for all (that) you have done for me.
題解:“what” 不能用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,它一般用于引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句常用的有關(guān)系代詞which, that, who, whom, whose, as, than 及關(guān)系副詞where, when, why。此句因?yàn)橄刃性~all是不定代詞,所以只能用that引導(dǎo)。此外,由于此句中先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)do的賓語(yǔ),所以可以省略關(guān)系代詞that。
例2 誤:the man whom i think has moved to another city is still in shanghai.
正:the man who i think has moved to another city is still in shanghai.
題解:此句中先行詞man在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),而不是think的賓語(yǔ),因此不能用賓格whom,而應(yīng)用主格who。
例3 誤:we haven’t got much which we can offer you.
正:we haven’t got much that we can offer you.
題解:當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是all, much, little, everything, anything, nothing, none, one等不定代詞時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用that。
例4 誤:it is the best film which has been made on the subject.
正:it is the best film that has been made on the subject.
題解:當(dāng)先行詞前有最高級(jí)形容詞修飾,或有序數(shù)詞或only, any, few, little, no, all, one of, the very 等詞修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用that。
例5 誤:do you know the things and persons who are mentioned by the manager?
正:do you know the things and persons that are mentioned by the manager?
題解:先行詞是由人和物組成的短語(yǔ)時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用that。
例6 誤:who who you have ever seen can beat him in chess?
正:who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess?
題解:避免與先行詞who重復(fù)時(shí),關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that。
例7 誤:today the public are much concerned about the way which nature is ruined.
正:today the public are much concerned about the way (that / in which) nature is ruined.
題解:修飾先行詞way的定語(yǔ)從句比較特殊,一般用that 或in which引導(dǎo),通常也可省略。
例8 誤:it was midnight that i was waken up by the quarrel upstairs.
正:it was midnight when i was waken up by the quarrel upstairs.
題解:原句被錯(cuò)認(rèn)為一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句,若是強(qiáng)調(diào)句,此句應(yīng)改為:
it was at midnight that i was wakened up by the quarrel upstairs.
在這一句子中,先行詞midnight 在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when。
例9 誤:i don’t like to live in the room which windows face north.
正:i don’t like to live in the room whose windows face north.
題解:此句中先行詞room在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),表示所有關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose,有時(shí)也可用of which 短語(yǔ)替代。此句亦可改為:
i don’t like to live in the room the windows of which face north.
i don’t like to live in the room of which the windows face north.
例10 誤:that was the reason why mr. black refused to speak for at the meeting.
正:that was the reason (which / that) mr. black refused to speak for at the meeting.
題解:在定語(yǔ)從句中,選擇關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞,最主要看先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)什么成分,如果是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),則用關(guān)系代詞,若為狀語(yǔ),則用關(guān)系副詞。此句中先行詞reason在從句中充當(dāng)介詞for后的賓語(yǔ),所以可以用that或which,或者省略。若此定語(yǔ)從句中沒有介詞for,則此句應(yīng)改為:
that was the reason why mr. black refused to speak at the meeting. 此時(shí),reason在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。但這與例句的意義不同。例句的意思是:這就是布萊克先生在會(huì)議上拒絕辯護(hù)的理由。而此句的意思為:這就是布萊克先生在會(huì)議上拒絕發(fā)言的原因。
例11 誤:as many on-lookers who were on the spot then agreed the motorcyclist was to blame.
正:as many on-lookers as were on the spot then agreed the motorcyclist was to blame.
題解:定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞若有such, as修飾,則關(guān)系代詞用as。
例12 誤:that is the same person as asked for help the day before yesterday..
正:that is the same person that asked for help the day before yesterday.
題解:先行詞有the same修飾時(shí),一般用as,如:he uses the same dictionary as i do.(他用的詞典和我的一樣)但要注意的是,這句中涉及到兩本字典。如果指的是同一個(gè)人或物,先行詞應(yīng)該用that。
例13 誤:my mother often takes on more work than it is good for her health.
正:my mother often takes on more work than is good for her health.
題解:此句中包含了一個(gè)由than引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。因先行詞work有形容詞的比較級(jí)修飾,因此關(guān)系代詞用了than。而此句中的先行詞work在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),所以從句中處于主語(yǔ)位置的it必須刪去。
例14 誤:mr. white is the man whom you can turn for help when you are in trouble.
正:mr. white is the man to whom you can turn for help when you are in trouble.
題解:先行詞man在定語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)該作介詞to后的賓語(yǔ),turn to sb. for help,所以此處的介詞to不能少。因此,定語(yǔ)從句中介詞的選擇受到上下文的制約或與前面的名詞詞組或后面動(dòng)詞詞組的搭配有關(guān)。
例15 誤:is this book you like most?
正:is this the book you like most?
題解:若把原句改成陳述句,“this book is you like most.”不難發(fā)現(xiàn)它不是一句定語(yǔ)從句,this book也不是先行詞。加了定冠詞后,此句改成陳述句就成了:this is the book you like most.先行詞book在從句中作賓語(yǔ),所以可以省略關(guān)系代詞。
例16 誤:i can think of many cases that students obviously know a lot of english words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
正:i can think of many cases where / in which students obviously know a lot of english words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
題解:先行詞case若放回定語(yǔ)從句中,應(yīng)是in many cases,作狀語(yǔ),故應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where,或in which。
例17 誤:last year he visited tokyo where his brother lived.
正:last year he visited tokyo, where his brother lived.
題解:限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系密切,對(duì)它有限制作用,因此不可缺少,否則會(huì)影響全句的意義。而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,他們之間的修飾關(guān)系不是很密切,因此對(duì)于專有名詞,一般都用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
例18 誤:he has many habits, some of them are harmful.
正:he has many habits, some of which are harmful.
題解:原句錯(cuò)在一個(gè)句子中出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句,且無(wú)連詞。用which代替them,使后面的分句變成了非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,which 指代前面的habits。此句若改成如下句子亦可:
he has many habits, and some of them are harmful.
例19 誤:she got the first prize, which we had expected.
正:she got the first prize, as we had expected.
題解:雖然,在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,which可以用來(lái)指代前面的整個(gè)句子,但當(dāng)表示 “正如”時(shí),一般用as,此外,as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句還可放在主句之前,而which不行。
exercise:
1. a war broke out _____ lasted for forty years.
a. which b. when c. in which d. where
2. all _____ is needed is a supply of oil.
a. the thing b. that c. what d. which
3. it will not be long before you meet with the same difficult situation _____ was dealt with by those scientists last year.
a. which b. that c. as d. where
4. the person _____ i lent my car is a friend of jack’s mother’s.
a. who b. whom c. to who d. to whom
5. he paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of _____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
a. these b. those c. that d. which
6. carol said the work would be done by october, _____ personally i doubt very much.
a. it b. that c. when d. which
7. in his speech, the leader expressed his thanks to those who had supported him and the cause _____ they had fought.
a. which b. of which c. that d. for which
8. the great wall is the place _____ almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to china.
a. where b. which c. in which d. of which
9. if a shop has chairs _____ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.
a. that b. which c. when d. where
10. we will be shown around he city, schools, museums and some other places, ______ other visitors seldom go.
a. what b. which c. where d. when
11. alec asked the policeman _____ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
a. with whom b. who c. with whom d. whom
12. is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
a. he explained b. what he explained
c. how he explained d. why he explained
13. the film brought the hours back to me _____ i was taken good care of in that faraway village.
a. until b. when c. that d. where
14. have seen the film “titanic”, _____ leading actor is world-famous?
a. its b. it’s c. whose d. which
15. recently i bought an ancient chinese vase, _____ was very reasonable.
a. which price b. the price of which c. its price d. the price of whose\
16. it was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _____ for the first time in years their team won world cup.
a. that b. while c. which d. when
17. the journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days.
a. of which b. during which c. from which d. for which
18. the room was full of students, ten of _____ are from foreign countries.
a. whom b. them c. those d. which
19. a fast food restaurant is the place _____, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly.
a. which b. where c. there d. what
20. most of the classmates wanted to know the way _____ he learns new course.
a. which b. in which c. on which d. about which
keys:
1~5 a b c d d 6~10 d d b d c 11~15 c a b c d
16~20 d a a b b