新目標八年級英語下冊重點短語及句型總匯
現在完成時句型舉例：
1. have you ever been to an amusement park? 你曾經去過游樂園嗎?yes, i have./ no, i haven’t.
2. i have never been there. me neither=neither have i. 我也沒有.
3. where is he? he has gone to the beijing.
4. how long has he been in beijing? （不能用come/arrive）
5. i’ve never been to an aquarium. 我從沒去過水族館.
6. i have been a student here for a year. 我成為這的學生有一年了. （不能用become）
=i became a student here a year ago.
7. he has been dead for two years.（不能用die）=he died two years ago.
8. i have been a teacher since ten years ago(for ten years.) （不能用become）
9. i have just/ever/already/never seen the movie. have you ever heard of the man before?
本單元語法講解
現在完成時
1.現在完成時態表示過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響或結果。本時態標志詞：
already （“已經”，用于肯定句中，放在have /has之后或句尾）；
yet （“仍然”“還”，用于疑問句或否定句的句尾）
just（“剛剛”，放在have /has之后）；
before（“以前”，放在句尾）；
ever（“曾經”，放在have /has之后）
never （“從沒有”，在have /has之后）
例句：
1.our teacher has just left.
2.we have studied english already.
3.i have not finished the homework yet.
4.he has never been to beijing before.
2.某個動作從過去已經開始,一直持續到現在,還有可能持續到將來.動作的持續性要通過一段時間來表示一段時間的表達方法有兩種:
for: +一段時間 for a year for two weeks for three years
since +過去的某一時刻, since nine since last week
since +一般過去時態的時間狀語從句 since you came ; since you got home.
注意：結束性動詞不能和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用,但是它們可以轉換成相應的延續性動詞.
1.直接用延續性動詞
buy– have；catch(get) a cold –have a cold；borrow—keep；become—be；put on-- wear
2.轉換成be+名詞
join the army – be a soldier；join the party –be a party member；
go to school– be a student
3轉換成be+形容詞或副詞
die—be dead；finish – be over；begin—be on；leave—be away ； fall sleep – be asleep close – be closed come to/ go to/arrive at(in)+某地—be in(at) +某地
4.轉換成 be+介詞短語go to school– be in school ； get up_ be up；
現在完成時態常見標志詞
1. already（已經）, just（剛剛）, never（從未/從沒有）, ever（曾經）, yet（仍然/還）, before（以前（句尾時）
2. since+點時刻或從句; for+段時間; how long（疑問句中用來提問since/for短語的）