新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)Unit9 Section B導(dǎo)學(xué)案
一般過去時(shí)態(tài): 單純強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去某一時(shí)間，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。www.
i have been to beijing. i went there last year.
he has lived here since 1980.
he lived here in 1980.
(四)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別：
have/has been + 現(xiàn)在分詞
1) 謂語結(jié)構(gòu)不同 have/has + 過去分詞
2) 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)更強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性，它是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)第二種用法的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。
i have been doing my homework for two hours.
過去開始做，現(xiàn)在尚未完成，還在做，將繼續(xù)做下去。
i have done my homework for two hours.
過去開始做，現(xiàn)在可能已完成，也可能未完成。
（五）用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型
1)it is the first / second time…that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
it is the first time that i have visited the city.
it was the third time that the boy had been late.
2) it/this/that is the+最高級(jí)+名詞+that...結(jié)構(gòu)，that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).
this is the best film that i've (ever) seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。
this is the first time (that) i've heard him sing.這是我第一次聽他唱歌。
*(1) ---do you know our town at all? ---no, this is the first time i ___ here.
a. was b. have been c. came d. am coming
*(2) ---have you ____ been to our town before? ---no, it's the first time i ___ here.
a. even, come b. even, have come c. ever, come d. ever, have come
(六) me，neither./ neither + 助/be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+同一個(gè)主語
me，neither.是口語化的簡略回答。一般情況下用neither have i，為“neither + 助/be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+同一個(gè)主語”結(jié)構(gòu)，neither在此意為“也不……”，同nor;表示主語所做的動(dòng)作與前面提到過的人或事相同，是為了避免語言重復(fù)，其中的助/be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)上與前一句保持一致，而在數(shù)上要與其后的主語一致。例如：
— i can’t swim. 我不會(huì)游泳。 — neither can i. 我也不會(huì)。
i don’t want to go, neither will i. 我不想去，也不會(huì)去。
he didn’t go to school. neither did she. 他沒去上學(xué)，她也沒去。
若在肯定句中表示“也……”，則要用“so +助/be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”。
i am a student，so is my sister. 我是學(xué)生，我妹妹也是學(xué)生。
he can swim，so can i. 他會(huì)游泳，我也會(huì)。
i feel happy，so does he. 我高興，他也高興。
(七) hear，hear of與hear from
(1)hear為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“聽見，聽到”，后可跟復(fù)合賓語，hear sb do sth表示“聽見某人做了某事”或hear sb doing sth表示“聽見某人正做某事”。
we listened but could hear nothing. 我們留心聽，卻什么也沒有聽見。
i heard her singing in her room. 我聽見她正在房間里唱歌。
(2)hear還可作“聽說”講，后常跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
i heard that he was ill. 我聽說他病了。
i heard that it’s a good film. 我聽說那是部好影片。