Unit 20 Archaeology教案

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（三）閱讀理解（每小題2分，共8分）
science in its modern form began only a few hundred years ago. one of the first great scientists was galileo. he used his observation to prove new theories. before him, most people had accepted the ideas of ancient greek scientists such as aristotle, without checking to see if they were right. galileo laid the foundation for the work of newton, who is considered one of the greatest scientists of all time.
however, science in the twentieth century has changed greatly since newton’s day. discoveries are now often made by scientists working together, who may compete with others to make a discovery first. an example of this was the discovery of how a chemical called dna in body cells is made up.
modern science can be very expensive. earlier in this century, men such as ernest rutherford found that atoms are made of smaller particles by using simple apparatus（器具）. other scientists then developed theories about how these particles（微粒）fitted into the atom. but to discover new subatomic（原子的）particles today costs millions of pounds, with dozens of scientists and engineers involved.
atomic scientists have given us power (including the power to kill). in 1942 the first nuclear reactor（原子反應堆）was built, in which uranium split to give off energy. this soon led to the first atomic bomb.
medical scientists are always working to save lives. surgery has become much safer since joseph lister realized the need to kill germs（細菌）when operating. equally important advances saving lives have been the introduction of vaccination（種痘）and antibiotics（抗菌素）.
1. it was only after galileo that __________ .
a. people began to check the ideas of ancient greek scientists
b. aristotle’s ideas were proved by most of the people
c. newton laid the foundation of all scientific work
d. new theories were checked and accepted
2. what is the difference between science in twentieth century and that in newton’s day?
a. there is a discovery to show how dna in body cells is made up.
b. observations are used to prove new theories.
c. some ideas are accepted after being checked.
d. scientists work together to compete in their discoveries.
3. according to the passage, one big problem in modern science is __________ .
a. the lack of scientists and engineers
b. the huge amount of money needed
c. the slow development of theories
d. the way to use sub-atomic particles
4. one greatest discovery in the twentieth century mentioned in the passage was __________ .