2016屆高考英語語法要點復習教案4
（3）非限制性定語從句，常可轉換成分詞或并列句。如：
①john said he’d been working in the office for an hour, which was true.
句中黑體部分可改為：and it was true
②the famous basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
句中黑體部分可改為：trying to make a comeback
【注】 as引導的非限制性定語從句常可提前，但and引導的并列句應在前一個分句后。如：
as is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
可改為：we have worked out the production plan and it is often the case.
二、附屬成分作狀語
狀語是用來修飾限制謂語﹑整個句子或句子里的一部分。常用來作狀語的有：形容詞﹑副詞﹑介詞短語﹑非謂語動詞和狀語從句等等。狀語和句子間的邏輯關系各有不同，可以分成不同的狀語：原因狀語、時間狀語、條件狀語、結果狀語、讓步狀語、伴隨狀語、目的狀語、結果狀語等等。
（1）形容詞﹑副詞和介詞短語等作狀語。如：
①thirsty, he went into a tea house. （thirsty 是形容詞，可看成是分詞短語being thirsty的省略，對主語he進行補充說明）
②she sat quietly in her seat.（quietly是副詞，修飾動作sat）
【注】 形容詞通常不作狀語，偶爾有形容詞作狀語，通常表示原因、方式、伴隨、時間、讓步等。如：
③he came in, full of fear. （表伴隨，相當于when he came in, he was full of fear.）
④ripe, the fruit tastes better. （表時間，相當于when the fruit is ripe.）
⑤right or wrong, i will stand on your side. （表讓步，相當于whether you are right or wrong.）
（2）非謂語動詞（短語），可轉換成狀語從句。如：
①lost in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. =句中黑體部分可補充為：after they were lost in the mountains for a week.
②it was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just to have a look at the sports stars.
句中黑體部分可改為：in order that they could have a look at the sports stars
（3）狀語從句。
①the house could fall down soon if no one does some quick repair work. （表條件）
②roses need special care so that they can live through winter. （表目的）
③since /as the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.（表原因）
④he speaks english as though he were an englishman. （表方式）
熟練掌握句子的附屬成分，對準確理解句子意思大有裨益，對長句的理解很有好處。在閱讀中，有利于將長句讀短，去掉枝蔓，抓住核心，提高篇章的理解能力。了解句子的附屬成分也有助于寫作。正確使用好句子附屬成分能將意思表達更加準確，敘述更加生動，豐富表達方式，增強文章感染力。
真題精練
1. （XX年上海）i made so many changes in my composition that only i could read it. to _____ else, it was hard to make out.
a. none b. everyone c. someone d. anyone
2. （XX年北京）there have been several new events _____ to the program for the olympic games.