備戰(zhàn)2016屆高考英語(yǔ)（通用版）一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題17 名詞
考點(diǎn)四、考察單詞基本義的引申和拓展
近年來(lái)，常見單詞的陌生義項(xiàng)在高考試題中不時(shí)出現(xiàn)，給部分考生造成了不小的障礙。
5、to make members of a team perform better,the trainer first of all has to know their _____ and weaknesses.
a.strengths b.benefits
c.techniques d.values
【答案】a。
【高考鏈接】
1.(XX高考英語(yǔ)浙江卷,16)the school advisers help you talk through your problem but they don’t give you any direct ______.
a. solution b. target c. measure d. function
【答案】a
【解析】考察名詞辨析。從語(yǔ)意知“他們并沒有給你任何直接的解決方法”，所以選a項(xiàng)solution“解決方法，解決方案”。target表示“目標(biāo)”；measure表示“措施”；function表示“功能”，都與語(yǔ)意不符。故選a項(xiàng)。
2.(XX高考英語(yǔ)天津卷,3)james took the magazines off the little table to make ______ for the television.
a. room b. area c. field d. position
【答案】a
【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意為：詹姆斯從小桌上拿走雜志為電視騰個(gè)地方。make room for意為“讓出地方給……；騰出空位”，固定搭配，故選a。
3.(XX高考英語(yǔ)山東卷,33)those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.
a. relief b. safety c. defense d. shelter
【答案】 a
【解析】考查名詞在具體語(yǔ)境的使用。句意應(yīng)為“那些頭痛的人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這種藥物能使頭痛緩解。”所以a項(xiàng)意義符合句意, relief 表示“緩解，減輕，解除”。 safety表示“安全，保險(xiǎn)”；defense 表示“防御，防護(hù)”； shelter表示“掩蔽，保護(hù)”。
4.(XX高考英語(yǔ)江西卷,35)last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, a (n) ______ of 40,000 per year.
a average b number c amount d quantity
【答案】a
【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意：去年考過(guò)駕照的考生人數(shù)達(dá)到了20萬(wàn)，平均每年4萬(wàn)。 an average of平均是。
5.(XX高考英語(yǔ)江蘇卷,22)the doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good_____.
a. expectation b. reputation c. contribution d. civilization
6.(XX高考英語(yǔ)湖北卷,22)after the earthquake, tile first thing the local government did was to provide ____________for the homeless families.