人教新課標必修五unit1詞匯及語法解析
7. exposed to cholera 是過去分詞短語作后置定語,修飾people。相當于定語從句which were exposed to cholera。
expose的意思是“暴露;揭露;使曝光”,常與介詞to連用,表示“使暴露于(日光、風雨等);受到風險;使面臨”的意思。
the soil was washed away by the flood, exposing bare rock. 泥土被洪水沖走,露出光禿禿的石頭。
the baby was left exposed to the wind and rain.嬰兒被棄于風雨之中。
the soldiers in the open field are exposed to the enemy’s fire. 空地里的士兵暴露于敵人的火力之下。
8. cure用作名詞,意為“治愈;痊愈;治療;療法”,也可用作動詞,意為“治療;治愈;糾正;戒除”。常用結構“cure sb. of sth.”表示“治好某人的病;糾正某人的不良行為”。
the doctor can’t guarantee a cure. 醫生不能保證治愈。
i hope the doctor can cure the pain in my shoulder.我希望醫生能治好我肩上的疼痛。
the doctor cured her of a bad cold. 醫生治好了她的重感冒。
cure, treat, heal與recover的用法區別:
cure意為“治療;治愈”,多用于用藥物治療并治愈某種疾病或改正不良習氣。treat為日常用語,意為“治療;醫治”,指治療病人的全過程或活動。heal意為“治愈(傷口); 醫治”,指治好外傷或燒傷后的患部,使傷口愈合,不用于治感冒等疾病。recover意思為“痊愈, 復原”,主要是指從病中痊愈了,常與from連用。
that pill cured my headache. 那藥治好了我頭疼。
that will cure him of his bad habits. 那將改正他的壞習慣。
there are only two doctors to treat more than 50 patients.只有兩名大夫來治療50多個病人。
the wound on my arm has healed. 我胳膊上的傷已治好了。
he’s now fully recovered from his bad cold. 他現在已從重感冒完全康復了。
9. every time 在此句中相當于一個從屬連詞,引導時間狀語從句。類似用法的副詞和短語有“directly(一……就), immediately(一……就), instantly(一……就), the minute(一……就), the moment(一……就), the second(一……就), each (every) time(每當), next time(下次……時), the last time(上次……時)等。
she went to see him directly she got the letter. 她一收到信就去他了。
immediately the meal was over, he switched on the radio.飯一吃完他就把收音機打開。
she came to the scene the moment she heard of the accident.她一聽說發生了事故,就立刻到現場來了。
the last time we talked he said he needed another two days.上次我們談話時他說他還需要兩天。
10. control 既可用作動詞,也可用作名詞,意為“控制;支配;管理”。
the young teacher cannot control her class.那位年輕女教師管不住班上的學生。
control yourself; don't get angry. 你要克制自己,不要發火。
he has no control over his emotions. 他控制不住自己的感情。
beyond control無法控制 in control of 控制。徽乒
in sb’s control/in the control of sb.受著某人的控制;在某人的掌握之下 out of control 不受控制;失去控制 under control 被控制住,情況良好 under sb’s control/under the control of sb.受某人的控制 gain/have control of控制;支配 lose control of 失去控制