2016屆高考英語第一輪虛擬語氣語法專題教案
【疑難3】
if混合虛擬條件從句(即主從句分別與不同的事實相反)
if the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.
if you had followed the teacher's advice, you wouldn't be in hospital.
【疑難剖析3】if假設條件從句謂語動詞發生的時間與主句所假設的謂語動詞不一致，叫做錯綜條件虛擬語氣。主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照假設的時間而定。
(二)用虛擬語氣，從句中謂語時態相應推后(即用相應的過去時態)的五種句型
【完成例句】
(7)他多么希望自己是只鳥。
how he wishes that he were a bird.
(8)我希望昨晚看了那部電影了。
i wish i had seen the film last night.
(9)我們希望有一天能住在月球上。
we wish we would live on the moon one day.
【結論1】在動詞wish引導的賓語從句中， 表示不太可能實現的愿望，從句必須使用虛擬語氣。
表示愿望與現在事實相反 從句用一般過去時(did或were)
表示愿望與過去事實相反 從句用過去完成時(had done)
表示愿望實現的可能性很小 從句常用could / might / would ＋do
【完成例句】
(10)我寧可你現在不在我身邊。
i would rather you were not here with me now.
(11)我寧可你沒做過那件事。
i would rather you hadn't done that.
【結論2】would rather / prefer ＋ that－從句(從句用虛擬語氣)
表示愿望與現在事實相反 從句用一般過去時
表示愿望與過去事實相反 從句用過去完成時
【完成例句】
(12)她英語說得好像她就是紐約本地人一樣。
she speaks english as though she were a native of new york.
【結論3】as if / though ＋ 從句中謂語用相應的過去時態(等同于wish從句用法)。
【完成例句】
(13)要是你沒告訴我那個消息就好了。
if only you hadn't told me the news.
【結論4】if only (要是……就好了)，句中謂語用相應的過去時態(等同于wish從句用法)。
【完成例句】
(14)我本來可以幫你忙的，即使我當時很忙。
even though i had been very busy then, i would have helped you.
(15)即使我現在能跑，我也不會那樣做。
even if i might run, i wouldn't do that.
【結論5】even if / though 從句中的虛擬
與現在事實相反 用should＋動詞原形
與過去事實相反 用had done
(三)從句中所用的虛擬語氣結構為should ＋動詞原形，should可以省略。
【例句觀察】
the doctor suggests i (should) exercise every day.
醫生建議我每天做運動。(賓語從句)
it is suggested that i (should) exercise every day.
我被建議每天做運動。(主語從句)
the doctor's suggestion is that i (should) exercise every day. 醫生給我的建議是每天做運動。(表語從句)
the doctor's suggestion that i (should) exercise every day sounds reasonable. 醫生要我每天做運動的建議聽起來挺合理的。(同位語從句)