2017屆高考英語重點石成詞匯及語法解析2
背棄;摒棄 he denied his country. 他背棄了自己的國家。
拒絕;不給;不予;不允許 he denies his wife nothing. 他對他的妻子有求必應。
【習慣用語】
deny oneself 自制;克己;舍棄
●deny /decline /refuse /reject 都含“拒絕”的意思。
▲deny指“堅定地否認某事為真實的”,如: he denied the charge. 他否認了控告。
deny doing(否認做過某事);deny sb. sth(拒絕給某人某物)。deny+that從句
▲decline 指“較正式地、有禮貌地謝絕”,如: he declined our invitation to dinner.他婉拒了我們請他吃飯的邀請。主要用于拒絕有關社交活動的邀請或要求幫助的請求,后接名詞或動詞不定式,主語只能是人。i invited her to join us, but she declined.我邀請她和我們在一起,可是她婉言謝絕了。
▲refuse 系普通用語,指“堅決、果斷或坦率地(不友善地)拒絕”, 如: he refused to take the money. 他拒絕接受此款。
▲reject指“以否定、敵對的態度而當面拒絕”(指通過拋棄或送走、專橫地拒絕), 主語可以是人或物,后接名詞,不能接動詞不定式。如: they rejected damaged goods. 他們拒收損壞的貨物。he asked her to go to the movies three times, and each time she rejected him.他三次約她去看電影,但每一次都被拒絕。
8.defend vt. 保衛;防護;防守
she had to defend herself against the guard dog. 她不得不防備看門狗咬她。
辯護;辯解 ;守衛;防御
he's better at defending than attacking. 他的防守優于進攻。 the accused man had a lawyer to defend him. 被告有一律師為他辯護。
【習慣用語】 defend against 保衛; 抵抗 defend from 保護, 保衛(使不受傷害)
【參考詞匯】 defend /guard /protect /preserve 都含“保護”、“使安全”的意思。
defend指“保衛”、“防御”, 應用范圍很廣, 對象可以是具體的, 也可以是抽象的, 用于defend sb. against / from harm結構。如: defend oneself against enemy 防御敵人。
guard 指“注意觀察、戒備, 以免受可能的攻擊或傷害”, 如: guard a coastline 守衛海岸線。
protect 指“保護...以免遭受危險或傷害等”, 常用protect sb. from sth./against sth.的結構。如: protect the children from harm 保護兒童免受傷害。
preserve 指“防護、保存...免被分解或腐爛”, 如: salt preserves food from decay. 鹽能防止食物腐爛。
secure指確保不會發生意外等如secure oneself against/from danger使自己免于危險。
by strengthening the river banks, the city secured itself against flood. 由于加強了河堤, 該城可確保免受水災。
9.normal adj. 正常的;常態的;一般的
the normal price of a ticket if $230! 一張票的正常價格是230英鎊。
above [below] normal 標準以上[下] return to normal 恢復正常
the rain raised the river two meters above normal. 雨水使得這條河水位超出標準兩米。