2017屆高考英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法專題教案
④當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)詞who或which時(shí)，為避免重復(fù)要用that。
⑤有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用which，另一個(gè)宜用that。
⑥當(dāng)先行詞在主句中作表語(yǔ)，而關(guān)系代詞也在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，只用that。
【完成例句】
(11)那棵四百年的老樹(shù)很有名。
the tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
(12)我們自給自足。
we depend on the land from which we get our food.
(13)這本書(shū)是關(guān)于我們要去參觀的那座有名的建筑嗎？
is this the book that refers to the famous building which we will go to visit?
【結(jié)論4】只能用 which的情況：
①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能用which。
②介詞后只用which，且不能省略。
③有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用that，另一個(gè)宜用which。
【完成例句】
(14)有人愿意幫助受傷的人嗎？
is there anyone who is ready to help the injured person?
(15)這就是那位幫助在事故中受傷的人的醫(yī)生嗎？
is this the doctor that helped the people who were injured in the accident?
【結(jié)論5】指人時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用who的情況：
①當(dāng)先行詞是anyone, those時(shí)，只用who。
②有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句皆指人時(shí)，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用that，另一個(gè)宜用who。
【完成例句】
(16)那個(gè)門(mén)破了的教室在二樓。
the classroom whose door / the door of which / of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 【結(jié)論6】whose可以指代人或物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)， 后跟名詞。指物時(shí)，whose ＋ 名詞＝ of which ＋名詞 ＝ 名詞＋ of which。
【完成例句】
(17)我們都知道，吸煙有害健康。
① as we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
太陽(yáng)照射地球，這對(duì)我們是很重要的。
②the sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
(18)①她和她妹妹穿一樣的衣服。
she wore the same dress as her young sister wore.
②這不是我們想到的那所房子。
this house is not such as i expect.
(19)就像我們指出的那樣，這種物質(zhì)是有毒的。
as was pointed out, this kind of substance is poisonous.
【結(jié)論7】關(guān)系代詞as和which
在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，as和which可代替整個(gè)主句，相當(dāng)于and this或and that。二者的區(qū)別主要在于：
①as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句既可以在主句前，也可以在主句后，有時(shí)還可以在插入句中，常帶有“正如……，正像……”的意思。而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后，翻譯成“這”。
②as常用于以下固定搭配中：the same＋名詞＋as “和……同樣的”，such＋名詞＋as“像……一樣的，像……之類的”，…such as…“這樣的人 / 物”。(such為代詞，作先行詞； as在從句中作賓語(yǔ))
③在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中，一般也用as:
as (it)appears, as (it)seems, as (it)often happens, as (it)was pointed out / said / reported / announced, as (it)was said earlier, as i remember (it), as is well－known, as is known to all, as anybody can see等。