高三英語句子成分和句子結構講解
句子成分
主語（subject）: 句子說明的人或事物。
the sun rises in the east. （名詞） he likes dancing. （代詞）
twenty years is a short time in history. (數詞) seeing is believing. （動名詞）
to see is to believe. （不定式） what he needs is a book. （主語從句）
it is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （it形式主語，主語從句是真正主語）
謂語（predicate）: 說明主語的動作、狀態和特征。
we study english. he is asleep.
表語（predicative）: 系動詞之后的成分，表示主語的性質、狀態和特征。
he is a teacher. （名詞） seventy-four! you don’t look it. （代詞）
five and five is ten. （數詞） he is asleep. （形容詞）
his father is in. （副詞） the picture is on the wall. ( 介詞短語)
my watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容詞化的分詞）
to wear a flower is to say “i’m poor, i can’t buy a ring. （不定式）
the question is whether they will come. （表語從句）
（常見的系動詞有: be, sound（聽起來）, look（看起來）, feel(摸起來，smell（聞起來）, taste（嘗、吃起來）,
remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感覺） ...
it sounds a good idea. the sound sounds strange.
her voice sounds sweet. tom looks thin.
the food smells delicious. the food tastes good.
the door remains open. now i feel tired.
賓語：1）動作的承受者-----動賓
i like china. （名詞） he hates you. （代詞）
how many do you need? we need two. （數詞）
we should help the old and the poor. i enjoy working with you. （動名詞）