2019年高考英語代詞語法專題
四 指示代詞的用法
1.時空的差別 e.g. there is this seat here, near me, or there is that one in the fourth row. which will you have, this or that?
2. this 和 that 在行文敘述上的差別。e.g.
i shall say this to you: he is a poor man.
he was ill. that’s why he didn’t come.
3.that 和 those 用于表比較的結(jié)構(gòu)。
the weather of zhanjiang is better than that of my hometown.
tv sets made in nanjing are better than those made here.
4. 打電話時this 表示我,that表示你.
五 不定代詞的用法
可數(shù) one, each, many, both, another, either, neither, (a) few
不可數(shù) much, (a) little
可數(shù)不可數(shù) none, any, other, all, some
復(fù)合不定代詞 anyone, anybody, anything; someone, somebody, something; everyone, everybody, everything; nobody, nothing
1.none, no one, nothing 的用法區(qū)別
1)none 既可指人,也可指物,且一定是特指概念,常用來回答how many /much 引導(dǎo)的疑問句;no one 只能指人,且只能是泛指概念,常用來回答who 引導(dǎo)的疑問句;nothing “什么也沒有”,否定一切,常用來回答what 引導(dǎo)的疑問句。如:
— how many people are there in the room now ?
— none.
— who is in the room ?
— no one / nobody
2) none 后面可加of 引導(dǎo)的介詞短語,而something / anything / everything / nothing; someone / anyone / everyone / no one 卻不能。
2. each 和every
1) each 強調(diào)“個體”,起代詞和形容詞作用;every 強調(diào)“全體”,只能作定語。each 作同位語時,不影響謂語動詞的數(shù),不可用not each 來表示部分否定,而not every 表示部分否定。如:
the tickets each cost ten dollars.
這些票每張十美元。(each 作同位語,不能用costs)
2) every 還可表示“每……的;每……中的”,如下列說法中只能用every。
every year or two 每一兩年
every now and then 時常
every other day 每隔一天
choose one out of every ten boys. 每十個男孩中選一個。
one car to every 20 people 每20人乘一輛車
3. another, other, the other, others, the others 的用法一覽表
不定代詞 意義 用法說明
another 任何一個,另一個 指三者或三者以上中的任何一個,用作代詞或形容詞。如:
i don’t like this coat. show me another, please.
other 另外的 只作定語,常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用;但如果前面有the, this, that some, any, each, every, no, one 及my, your, his 等時,則可與單數(shù)名詞連用。如:any other plant, every other day。
the other 兩者中的
另一個 常與one 連用,構(gòu)成:one … the other… 一個……另一個……;作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時,表示“全部其余的”
others 泛指別的
人或物 是other 的復(fù)數(shù)形式,泛指別的人或物(但不是全部),不能作定語,構(gòu)成some…others…
the others 特指其余
的人或物 是the other 的復(fù)數(shù)形式,特指其余的人或物。