2019屆高考英語第一輪語法專題教案
we do nothing now but wait. =we have nothing to do but wait.
(15) i can not but admire his courage.
我不得不敬佩他的勇氣。
(16)他別無選擇,只好接受事實。
he has no choice but to accept the fact.
【結論4】在can not but, can not choose but, do nothing but…, can't help but…, prefer to do rather than do …, would do… rather than… 之后的動詞不定式一般不帶to;but之前有實義動詞do的某個形式do, does, did, done 而且其賓語是something,nothing,anything和everything等不定代詞時,也不帶to, 否則要帶to。
【例句觀察】
i'm really puzzled what to think or say.
我真不知該想什么,該說什么。
【結論5】在并列結構中為了避免重復,后一個to省略。但兩個不定式有對照或對比的意義時,則后一個to不能省略。如:
i can not to scold but to praise you.
【例句觀察】
why talk so much about it?
關于此事你為什么說了那么多?
why not try it again?
為什么不再試試?
【結論6】在why, why not 引導的特殊問句中后跟省略to的動詞不定式。
【例句觀察】
i don't want to wait for him, but i have to.
我并不想等他的,可我又不得不這樣。
he doesn't like fish, but he used to.
他不喜歡吃魚,但他以前很喜歡。
— why didn't you come to our party?
——你為什么不來參加舞會?
— i was going to,but i had a report to write.
——我本想來的,但我有個報告要寫,來不了。
【結論7】動詞不定式與 be able to, be going to, have to, ought to, used to等構成復合謂語時,不定式結構常可省略,但要保留不定式符號to。
【完成句子】
(17) you may go if you wish to.
你想去就去吧。
(18) don't go till i tell you to.
我沒叫你走就別走。
【結論8】動詞不定式中動詞原形部分是否省略,主要看句子前面是否已出現過同樣的動詞。如果句子前面出現過同樣的動詞,為了避免重復,句子后面的不定式常省略動詞原形,而保留不定式符號to。
【例句觀察】
the students want to enter the lab, but the monitor advises them not to (enter the lab).
學生們都想進實驗室,但班長建議他們別進去。
【結論9】動詞不定式在 ask, warn, tell, advise, force, wish, expect, allow, permit, invite, persuade, order, would like, forbid等動詞后作賓語補足語或主語補足語時,常可省略。
【例句觀察】
——陪我去購物好嗎?
— could you go shopping with me?
——我很樂意。