模塊三U1 重點詞匯講解

grammar and usage
1. reduce: v. 減少，降低，減緩
reduce pain/ costs/ speed: 減輕痛苦、降低價格、減慢速度
the price has been reduced to 50 yuan. 價格被降到50元。
                      by 50 yuan. 價格被降了50元。
【反義詞】 increase  v. 增加
2. volunteer: n. 志愿者
v. 志愿做，自愿做
volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事
many volunteers volunteered to help the old in their town. 許多志愿者自愿幫助鎮上的老人。
   volunteer for sth. 志愿為某事（出力）
   voluntary: adj. 志愿的  
   voluntarily: adv. 志愿地
3. be related to: 與……有關
= be linked to/with
wealth is seldom related to happiness. 財富很少和快樂聯系起來。
   relative: adj. 相對的  n. 親戚
   relation: n . 關系，聯系
4. add: v. 增加
add sth. to sth. 把……加到……上
would you like to add more sugar to your coffee? 你想要給你的咖啡再加點糖嗎？
add to 增添
the news added to our worries. 這個消息增加了我們的擔憂。
add up 加起來
add up to 總計
the cost of the trip added up to yuan. 旅行的費用總計XX元。
5. ache: n. 疼痛  a stomach ache 胃痛
vi. ache for sth. 渴望某物      ache to do sth. 渴望做某事
6. can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事
on seeing such a funny thing, i can’t help laughing. 一看到如此有趣的東西，我就忍不住笑了起來。
can’t help do sth. 不能幫助做某事
i can’t help do the work because i have no time. 我不能幫忙做這個工作，因為我沒時間。
project
1. chance n. 機會，可能性，機率
he valued the chance to go abroad. 他很珍惜出國的機會。
have a fair chance of (doing) sth.  有很大的可能性做某事
small / slim             有很小的可能性做某事
   there is a chance that it will rain today. 有可能今天要下雨。
2. latter: adj. 后來的
he was happy in the latter years of his life. 晚年他很開心。
the latter 后者   the former 前者    
3. likely: adj. 可能的
he is likely to come.
= it is likely that he will come.
可以說 it is likely/probable/ possible to do sth/that…
但只能說 sb. is likely to do sth.
4.  distance: n. 距離
in the distance 在遠處
at a distance 隔一段距離
within walking distance 很近
distant: adj. 遙遠的
5.  avoid: vt. 逃避，避免
avoid accidents 避免事故
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
i can’t avoid making mistakes. 我不能避免犯錯。

練習
一、 首字母填空：
1. he survived the plane crash and landed on a d_______ island.