狀語(yǔ)從句(一)
她剛要睡著,忽然敲門聲把她吵醒。
no sooner was the frost off the ground than the work began.
地上的霜一消散,人們就開始工作了。
i.once
once作連詞時(shí),也相當(dāng)于as soon as,但它含有的條件意味更濃,它引導(dǎo)的從句較短。
once you begin, you must continue.
一旦開了頭,你就應(yīng)當(dāng)繼續(xù)下去。
once you see him, you will neer forget him.
你一旦見(jiàn)過(guò)他,就不會(huì)忘了他的。
j.next time, the first time, the last time, every time 等
be sure to call on us next time you come to town.
下次你進(jìn)城一定來(lái)看我們。
he left me a good impression the first time i met him.
我第一次見(jiàn)他時(shí),他給我留下了好印象。
every time i see him he looks miserable.
我每次見(jiàn)到他,他都是一付痛苦的表情。
the last time i spoke to bob, he seemed happy enough.
上一次我見(jiàn)到他時(shí),他看上去很開心。
k.by the time
by the tine 也可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,意為到 時(shí)為止,主句一般要用完成時(shí)態(tài)。
by the time he was fourteen, einstein had learned advanced mathematics all byhimself.
愛(ài)因斯坦到十四歲時(shí)就自學(xué)完了高等數(shù)學(xué)。 (從句為一般過(guò)去時(shí),主句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí))
i shall have finished my work by the time you return.
在你回來(lái)之前我將會(huì)做完我的活兒。(從句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主句要用將來(lái)完成時(shí))
二、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句
地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句通常由where, wherever(where的強(qiáng)勢(shì)語(yǔ))和everywhere引導(dǎo),是表示空間關(guān)系的狀語(yǔ)從句。
a. where
where 在……地方,去……地方
wuhan lies here the yangtze and the han river meet.
武漢位于長(zhǎng)江和漢水匯合處。
where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者,事竟成。
i found my books where i had left them.
我的書在我原來(lái)放的地方找到了。
you'd better make a mark where you have any questions.
哪兒有問(wèn)題,你最好在哪兒做個(gè)記號(hào)。(這里where引導(dǎo)的從句不是定語(yǔ)從句)
注意:
在地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句之前,不要使用介詞。
【誤】you should put the book at where it was.
【正】you should put the book where it was.
你應(yīng)該把書放在原來(lái)的地方。
【誤】we should go to where we are needed most.
【正】we should go where we are needed most.
我們應(yīng)該到最需要我們的地方去。
b.wherever
wherevr在任何……地方,無(wú)論哪里
wherever you go, you should do your work well.
不論到什么地方,都要把工作做好。
you may sit down wherever you like.
你愛(ài)坐哪兒就坐哪兒。
c.everywhere
everywhere they went, they were kindly receivd.
他們每到一處都受到了友好的接待。
三、原因狀語(yǔ)從句
原因狀語(yǔ)從句是表示原因和理由的從句。引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的有as, because, since, now (that), considering that, seeing that等。