2020年高考英語二輪專題復習9特殊句式
時,介詞of可以省略,但接代詞賓格時,of不能省略。
both (of) the films were interesting. 這兩部電影都很有趣。
she invited both of us to her birthday party. 她邀請我們倆去參加她的生日派對。
②在現在完成時表持續和重復的句型中,一段時間前的介詞for可以省略。
these shoes are worn out. they have lasted (for) a long time.
這雙鞋穿破了,已經穿了很長一段時間了。
③和一些動詞搭配構成的短語中的介詞,consider... (as)..., prevent / stop... (from)doing...,
have trouble / difficulty... (in) doing...,spend... (in / on) doing... 等中的介詞可以省略。
trees can prevent the earth (from) being washed away. 樹能阻止泥土被沖走。
can you stop him (from) going swimming in the river? 你能阻止他下河洗澡嗎?
i have some difficulty (in) answering the question. 回答這個問題我有點困難。
4.動詞不定式中的省略
①有些動詞,believe, find, think, feel, consider, imagine, prove等后作賓補的結構。
to be + n. / adj. 中的to be可以省略。
i consider him (to be) lazy. 我認為他懶。
his mother found him (to be) a clever boy.他母親發覺他是一個很聰明的孩子。
②感官動詞see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等以及使役動詞let, make, have后作賓補的動詞不定式。
中的不定式符號to要省略,但變為被動結構時,to必須保留。
they made the boy go to bed early.他們強迫這個男孩早睡。
the boy was made to go to bed early. 這個男孩被迫早睡。
注:help后作賓補的動詞不定式中的to可以省略也可以保留。
③在can not but, can not choose but, can not help but之后的動詞不定式一般不帶to;but之前有實
義動詞do的某個形式do, does, did, done 時,也不帶to, 否則要帶to。
we have nothing to do now but wait. 我們現在除了等沒有別的事可做。
i can not but admire his courage. 我不能不欽佩他的勇敢。
he has no choice but to accept the fact. 除了接受這個事實他別無選擇。
④在并列結構中為了避免重復。
i'm really puzzled what to think or say. 我真不知道該怎么想,怎么說才好。
但兩個不定式有對照或對比的意義時,則后一個to不能省略。
i came not to scold but to praise you. 我來不是責備你,而是贊美你。
⑤在why, why not 引導的特殊問句中后跟省略to的動詞不定式。
why talk so much about it? 為什么大談這個事呢?
why not try it again? 為什么不再試一試呢?
⑥動詞不定式中動詞原形部分是否省略,主要看句子前面是否已出現過同樣的動詞。如果句子前面出現過同樣的動詞,為了避免重復,句子后面的不定式常省略動詞原形,而保留不定式符號to。
they may go if they wish to(go). 如果他們想去,他們就可以去。
don't go till i tell you to.直到我告訴你去,你才可以去。
在一些動詞afford, agree, expect, forget, mean, pretend, remember, want, refuse, hope, wish, would like (love), try等后跟動詞不定式作賓語,不定式中的to可以承前(后)省略。