直接引語和間接引語
提示：
如果主句中無賓語，應根據語境或想象，自添適當的賓語；如果直接引語中有呼語，則將其改為間接引語的賓語。
mother asked, where have you been
→ moher asked me where i had been. 母親問我去哪兒了。
why are you late again, john the teacher asked.
→ the teacher asked john why he was late again. 老師問約翰為什么他又遲到。
④直接引語中主語是第三人稱時，在改為間接引語時不發生變化。
he said to tom, she can help them.
→ he told tom that she could help them. 他告訴湯姆她能夠幫助他們。
2.物主代詞的變化
you should not overlook your fault, mum said to me.
→ mum told me that i should not overlook my fault. 媽媽對我說我不應該忽略我的缺點。
the two boys said, we have lost ur dog.
→ the two boys said they had lost their dog. 這兩個男孩說他們的狗丟了。
3.指示代詞的變化
直接引語中的指示代詞
this
these
間接引語中的指示代詞
that
those
she said, this is the house in which lu xun once lived.
→ she said that that wa the house in which lu xun had once lived. 她說那是魯迅曾經住過的房子。
i bought these flowers for you, jane said.
jane said that she had bought those flowers for me. 簡說那些花是她為我買的。
i grow these tomatoes myself, he said.
→ he aid that he grew those tomatoes himself. 他說那些胡蘿卜是他自己種的。
c. 時間和地點狀語的變化
1.時間狀語的變化
he said, i spoke to them yesterday.
→ he said that h had spoken to them the day before. 他說他前一天跟他們講過話了。
the student said,we have learned about 3,000 english words so far.
→ the student said that they had learned about 3,000 english words by then. 那學生說到那時為止他們已學會了3,000個英語單詞。
2.地點狀語的變化
當直接引語變間引語時，地點狀語here通常變為there。但如果說話人所在地點就是引述人所在地點，那么仍然使用here.
come here, please, he said.
→ he asked me to come here. 他叫我到這里來。（引述人地點不變）
→ he asked me to go there. 他叫我到那里去。（引述人地點發生變化）
here she burst out into a flood of tears, he said to me.
→ he told me that she had burst out into a flood of tears there. 他告訴我說，談到那個地方她就放聲大哭了起來。