2022高考二輪復習英語學案（精選11篇）
2022高考二輪復習英語學案 篇1
專題八 非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構
【典例精析】
1. （08北京）____ that she was going off to sleep, i asked if she'd like that little doll on her bed.
a. seeing b. to see c. see d. seen
【解題】a非謂語動詞see構成的短語與句子的主語i即其邏輯主語之間是主動關系,用在句首,中間與句子用逗號分開,表示伴隨情況,用作伴隨狀語,因此用現在分詞。
2.(08全國卷i)i like getting up very early in summer. the morning air is so good ____.
a. to be breathed b. to breathe c. breathing d. being breathed
【解題】b在主系表結構中,當表語形容詞為good, light, heavy, difficult等時,其后常用不定式作狀語,表示時間,原因,結果等,且常用主動形式表示被動意義,因此選b。此處為特殊情況。
3.(08北京)----did the book give the information you needed?
----yes. but ____ it, i had to read the entire book.
a. to find b. find c.to be finding d. finding
【解題】 a 非謂語動詞短語與主句之間用逗號隔開,作狀語。根據句意:為了找到需要的信息,我不得不看完整本書的內容,表示目的。不定式常在句首作目的狀語,且此處不表示動作正在進行,因此用一般式,選a。
4.（09湖南）nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it .
a. reusing b. reused c. reuses d. to be reused
【解析】d 考查動詞不定時的用法。句意為：現在人們有時把他們的廢物分開，以便很容易被重復利用。重新再利用是指將來發生的動作，而且是被動的。故選d。
5.（09江西）_________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.
a. giving b. having given c. to give d. given
【解析】d 考查非謂語動詞。如果把句子補充完整就不難看出：if they are given the right kind of training , 可知主語they 即these teenager soccer players與give 之間是被動的關系，所以用過去分詞。根據主、從句主語一致可省略從句主語的原則，連詞if 也可省，所以得出given the right kind of training , these teenager soccer players……
6.（09江西）the government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
a. forced b. forcing c. to be forced d. having forced
【解析】b 考查非謂語動詞的用法。 現在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾new laws ,相當于which forces ……...
7.（09海南）the children all turned_____the famous actress as she entered the classroom.
a. looked at b. to look at c. to looking at d. look at
【解析】b。 句意為：當那位著名的女演員走進了教室，所有的孩子都轉過頭去看她。
turn to 表示“轉向，求助”的意思。
8.(09海南) now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ?
a. taking b. take c. taken d. to take
【解析】c。 考查with +賓語+賓語補足語的用法。句意為：現在,我們已經討論了問題,是人們最滿意的決定？ take 與the decisions之間存在的關系是動賓關系，故用過去分詞表示被動
9.（09山東）we are invited to a party _________in our club next friday.
a. to be held b. held c. being held d. holding
【解析】a 考查非謂語動詞的用法，由next month可知時間是在將來，party是被舉行，故選a。
10（09陜西）i still remember to the famen temple and what i saw there.
a. to take b. to be taken c. taking d. being taken
【解析】d 考查非謂語動詞。此處非謂語動詞做remember的賓語，而remember后用非謂語動詞做賓語時，可以用v-ing形式，v-ing表示的動作已經完成，也可用動詞不定式，表示的動作還未發生，根據后文的saw可知此處非謂語動詞動作已經完成，且與邏輯主語是被動關系，用v-ing的被動式，選d。
11.（09福建） not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
a. reminding b. reminded c. to remind d. having reminded
【解析】b 考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，邏輯主語是句子的主語the manager，非謂語動詞與句子主語是被動關系，且其表示的動作在謂語動詞set out之前已經發生，非謂語動詞用過去分詞，選b。
12.（09福建）in april, , president hu inspected the warships in qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the pla navy.
a. marking b. marked c. having marked d. being marked
【解析】a 考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，其后有賓語，故與邏輯主語是主動關系，且表示的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時進行，用現在分詞，選a。
13.（09湖南）when he the door, he found his keys were nowhere.
a. would open b. opened c. had opened d. was to open
【解析】d 考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定時的用法。句意為：當他要打開門的時候,他發現他的鑰匙不見了。動詞不定時表示將要發生的動作。
14.（09湖南）9.at the age of 29, dave was a worker, in a small apartment near boston and ______ what to do about his future.
a. living; wondering b. lived; wondering
c. lived; wondered d. living; wondered
【解析】a 考查分詞的用法。句意為：29歲的大衛,是一個工人,住在一間小公寓在波士頓附近,不知怎么辦關于他的未來。現在分詞作定語修飾a worker，and 為并列連詞，連接相同的成份。
【專題突破】依據非謂語動詞各個不同類型的考查方式和特點。可以采用非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構的“五步驟”做題法；即非謂語動詞的“五步驟”做題法：1.牢記核心意義；2.分析句子成分；3.尋找邏輯主語；4.了解時間關系；5.分析特殊情況。獨立主格結構的“五步驟”：1. 認識獨立主格結構，建立獨立主格結構概念；2. 認清獨立主格結構的來源，理解獨立主格結構的功能；3. 從邏輯主語的不同認識分詞和獨立主格結構作狀語的區別；4.全面掌握獨立主格結構的功能；5. 熟悉獨立主格結構的不同類型，全面掌握獨立主格結構。當然并非每道題都要全面考慮以上"五步驟" 有時只需通過一兩個步驟即可得到答案。我相信,只要同學們在訓練中嚴格按照這種思路去分析,就可以練就一雙火眼金睛,那么,再難的考查非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構的試題都是可以快速得到答案的。
1. i don’t know whether you happen ____ it, but i’m going to study in the u.s.a. this september.
a. to be heard b. to be hearing c. to hear d. to have heard
2. _____ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery.
a. tiring; to admire b. being tired; admiring
c. tired; to admire d. tired; admiring
3. don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth.
a. run b. running c. being run d. to run
4. he looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
a. put b. to be put c. to put d. putting
5. _____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.
a. having stolen b. having been stolen c. stolen d. stealing
6. to answer correctly is more important than _____.
a. that you finish quickly b. finishing quickly
c. to finish quickly d. finish quickly
7. you will see this product made in this factory _____ wherever you go.
a. to be advertised b. advertised c. advertise d. advertising
8. the monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _____ the river.
a. to have discovered b. to have been discovered
c. to discover d. having been discovered
9. —— have you considered _____ your job as a teacher?
——yes. i like the job because a teacher is often considered _____ a gardener.
a. to change; to be b. to change; being c. changing; being d. changing; to be
10. mr. green is said _____ an experiment to prove the new method of solving the problem when young.
a. to do b. to have done c. to be doing d. to have been doing
11. seeing the soldiers well _____ for the flood-fight, the general nodded with satisfaction.
a. prepare b. preparing c. prepared d. having prepared
12.the murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。
a. being tied b. having tied c. to be tied d. tied
13.weather___, we'll go out for a walk.
a. permitted b permitting c permits d for permitting
14.the speech ______ a lively discussion started.
a.being delivered b. was delivered
c.be delivered d. having been delivered
15.______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.
a.other things being equal b.were other things equal
c.to be equal to other things d.other things to be equal
16.all things ______, the planned trip will have to be called off.
a.considered b.be considered c.considering d.having considered
參考答案：
1.【解析】d happen to have done sth 為不定式的完成時, 表示一個已經完成了的動作,強調對于現在的影響.
2.【解析】c tired and out of breath為“形容詞和介詞短語”在句中作狀語。stop to do sth. 停下來去做另外一件事
3.【解析】b非謂語動詞作賓語補足語時,選項a、d表示將來可能發生的動作;b表示賓語持續性動作,根據句意選b,表示水不停地流出。
4.【解析】d catch sb doing sth表示發覺或當場捉住 sb在做一件事情。
5.【解析】a從動作發生的時間來看，應是先偷鉆石，再找地方藏匿，故用-ing形式的完成式。
6.【解析】c題意為“正確做出答案要比快速完成更重要”。兩個非謂語動詞短語在形式上應保持一致。
7.【解析】b advertise意為“為……登廣告”。made in this factory作定語修飾product; advertised作賓語補足語。
8.【解析】a用不定式的完成式表示動作發生在(定語)從句謂語動作之前。
9.【解析】d consider 作“考慮”解時，后常接-ing形式（短語）作賓語；作“認為” 解時，后常接含有名詞、形容詞或to be的復合結構。
10【解析】b由when young可知此處應該用不定式的完成式，表示此動作發生在謂語動作之前。
11.【解析】c由固定短語be (well) prepared for可知此處應用過去分詞作賓補。
12.【解析】d. with +名詞（代詞）+分詞+介詞短語結構。當分詞表示伴隨狀況時，其主語常常用with來引導。由于本句中名詞"手"與分詞"綁"是被動關系，因此用過去分詞，選d. 13.【解析】b. 本題中沒有連詞，它不是復合句，也不是并列句。 句中使用了逗號，且we 小寫，可知其不是兩個簡單句。能夠這樣使用的只有獨立主格或with的復合結構。據此判斷，本句中使用的是獨立結構，其結構為：名詞+分詞。 由于permit在這里翻譯為'天氣允許'，表主動，應用現在分詞，故選b。如果不會判斷獨立結構作狀語的形式，不妨將句子改為條件句，例如本句改為if weather permits, we'll go out for a walk. 然后將if 去掉，再將謂語動詞改為非謂語動詞即可。
14.【解析】d 句意：演講完后，開始了熱烈的討論。把握前后主語不一致，動作發生在之前，故選答案為d.
15.【解析】a 句意：在其它條件相同的情況下，表達好的人肯定要比語言能力差的人更快地取得成功，前后的主語不一致，故選答案a.
16.【解析】a 考慮了方方面面之后，原來計劃好的旅行不得不取消了,前后主語不一致，故答案為a。
【學法導航】非謂語動詞內容繁多,用法復雜,是學生們在英語學習過程中的最大難點,也是高考中的必考項目。獨立主格結構相對來說考查較少，但經常放在with復合結構中考查；同學們要想掌握他們的用法,輕松備戰高考,快速準確地解題,不妨牢記非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構基本、特殊用法以及解題“五步驟”，具體內容如下:
一.非謂語動詞“五步驟”
1.牢記核心意義。不定式表將來或能夠,動詞ing形式表主動或進行,過去分詞表被動或完成。
2.分析句子成分。非謂語動詞在句中可充當主語、賓語、定語、表語、補語以及狀語。
3.尋找邏輯主語,把握，前后主語一致性和主被動關系。非謂語動詞雖然在語法上沒有主語,但它仍表示的是動作,因此在意義上會有一個動作的發出者,這個發出者就是它的邏輯主語。作主語補足語,表語和狀語時,邏輯主語為句子的主語;作賓語補足語,邏輯主語為賓語;作定語,邏輯主語是所修飾的先行詞;復合結構自帶邏輯主語。如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語的是主動關系,用現在分詞或不定式的主動式,如果是被動關系,則用過去分詞或不定式的被動式,如果表被動進行,則用現在分詞的被動式或不定式的被動進行式。
4.了解時間關系。如果非謂語動詞與句子的謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發生,用一般式;如果發生在之前,則用完成式,如果強調正在進行,則用進行時;如果動作在將來發生,則用不定式。
5.分析特殊情況。主要是指一些習慣用法,固定搭配等。
二.獨立主格結構的“五步驟”
1.認識獨立主格結構，建立獨立主格結構概念。
最初的獨立主格結構就是帶邏輯主語的分詞結構，它的作用相當于狀語。
2.認清獨立主格結構的來源，理解獨立主格結構的功能。
我們清楚地看出獨立主格結構作狀語和分詞作狀語一樣來源于狀語從句。
3.從邏輯主語的不同認識分詞和獨立主格結構作狀語的區別。
分詞作狀語和獨立主格結構作狀語的區別就在于邏輯主語的不同，分詞的邏輯主語為主句的主語，獨立主格結構的邏輯主語就是分詞前邊的名詞或代詞。
4.全面掌握獨立主格結構的功能。
要將復合句或并列句改成簡單句時，應注意：要根據分詞和獨立主格結構作狀語時邏輯主語的不同情況改寫句子，當復合句或并列句的主語一致時，適合改成分詞作狀語；當復合句或并列句的主語不一致時，適合改成獨立主格結構作狀語。
5.熟悉獨立主格結構的不同類型，全面掌握獨立主格結構。
有時將并列句或復合句改成簡單句時，應注意：原句中含有 be 動詞時，一律改成 being 形式， being 后面為非名詞時 being 可忽略。
獨立主格結構除了分詞式獨立主格結構之外，還有介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式式獨立主格結構，即帶邏輯主語的介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式結構，可用作伴隨狀語、條件狀語、原因狀語或時間狀語。
【專題綜合】1. ____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
a. to throw b. thrown c. throwing d. being throwing
2. ____ in the fields on a march afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
a. to walk b. walking c. walked d. having walked
3. i hear they've promoted tom, but he didn't mention ____ when we talked on the phone.
a. to promote b. having been promoted
c. having promoted d. to be promoted
4. the message is very important, so it is supposed ____ as soon as possible.
a. to be sent b. to send c. being sent d. sending
5. ____ around the water cube, we wre then taken to see the bird's nest for the olympic games.
a.having shown b. to be shown c. having been shown d. to show
6. we had an anxious couple of weeks ____for the results of the experiment
a. wait b. to be waiting c. waited d. waiting
7. ____ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.
a. fail b. failed c. to fail d. having failed
8. it is one of the funniest things ____ on the internet so far this year.
a. finding b. being found c. to find d. found
9. ____ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.
a. waiting b.to wait c. having waited d. to have waited
10.----can those ____at the back of the classroom hear me?
-----no problem.
a. seat b. sit c. seated d. sat
11.he was busy writing a story, only _____once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
a. to stop b. stopping c. to have stopped d. having stopped
12. please remain ______; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.
a. seating b. seated c. to seat d. to be seated
13.----they are quiet, aren't they?
----yes. they are accustomed ______at meal.
a. to talk b. to not talk c. to talking d. to not talking
14.to learn english well, we should find opportunities to hear english ______as much as we can.
a. speak b. speaking c. spoken d. to speak
15. lucy's new job paid twice as much as she had made _____in the restaurant.
a. working b. work c. to work d. worked
16.the soldier fell asleep ________.
a.with the candle burning b.burning the candle
c.when he was burning the candle d.when burning the candle
17.________, the tiananmen square looks more beautiful.
a.being on b.when being on
c.with all the lights on d.when it turns on all the lights
18.____ the notice, he had an idea.
a.when he was watching b.watching c.when watching d.all the above
19.______ the notice, an idea came to his mind.
a.when he was watching b.watching c.when watching d.all the above
參考答案：1-5 cbbac 6-10 dddcc 11-15bbdca 16-19 acda
2022高考二輪復習英語學案 篇2
（精品推薦）XX屆高考二輪復習英語學案--專題三 形容詞和副詞
【典例精析】1.（09全國卷ii ）14. the children loved their day trip, and they enjoyed the horse ride____.
a. most b. more c. less d. little
【答案】a
【解析】考查形容詞(immediate)、副詞等(most、much too與too much的區別)
2.（09全國卷ii ）15. i’m sure that your letter will get_____ attention . they know you’re waiting for the reply.
a. continued b. immediate c. careful d. general
【答案】b
【解析】考查形容詞(immediate)、副詞等(most、much too與too much的區別)
3.（09全國卷ii）16. it’s high time you had your hair cut ; it’s getting______.
a. too much long b. much too long c. long too much d. too long much
【答案】b
【解析】考查形容詞(immediate)、副詞等(most、much too與too much的區別)
4.（09安徽） -- do you think it's a good idea to make friends with your students?
--______, i do. i think it's a great idea.
a. really b. obviously c. actually d. generally
答案：c
5.（09福建） it seems that living green is ____easy and affordable. a small step masks a big difference.
a. exactly b. fortunately c. surprisingly d. hardly
【答案】c
【解析】考查副詞。exactly：準確地；fortunately：幸運地；surprisingly：驚訝地，出乎意料地；hardly：幾乎不。題干意思是：似乎保護環境是出乎意料的簡單可行，小小的行動能帶來很大的不同。選c
6.（09湖北） as there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of ______ energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.
a. primary b. alternative c. instant d. unique
【答案】 b
【解析】考查形容詞。既然石油和煤都越來越少，人們只好使用一些其它可替代這些燃料的東西，alternative 有“可選擇的，可替代的”之意，符合句意。primary“首要的，初期的”，instant“立即的，迅速的”，unique“獨特的”
7.（09湖北）the questionnaire takes ______ ten to fifteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment interview.
a. mainly b. punctually c. approximately d. precisely
【答案】 c
【解析】考查副詞。這里意思是“問卷大約需要10至15分鐘完成”，應選擇approximately“大約地”。 mainly“主要地”，punctually“準時地”，precisely“精確地”
8.（09湖南）i can_____be a teacher. i’m not a very patient person.
a. seldom b. ever c. never d. always
【答案】c
【解析】句意為：我絕不會成為一名教師。因為我不是一個很有耐心的人。seldom表示“很少”；ever表示“永遠”用在肯定句中；never表示“絕不，從來沒有” always 表示“總是”。
9.（09江西） frank put the mediocre in the top drawer to make sure it would not be_______ to the kids.
a. accessible b. relative c. acceptable d. sensitive
【答案】a
【解析】考查形容詞的辨析。be accessible to 為……能夠接近； be relative to 和……有關系； be acceptable to 為……所接受 ； be sensitive to 對……敏感, 易接受
10.（09海南） how much______she looked without her glasses!
a. well b. good c. best d. better
【答案】d
【解析】考查系動詞后跟形容詞作表語。句意為：沒有眼鏡她看的多么好？與戴眼鏡形成對比
11.（09四川） my uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours , but it is twice _______ expensive .
a. as b. so c. too d. very
【答案】a
【解析】考查倍數的表示方法。該題采用了“倍數+as+adj./adv+as ”這一結構，所以答案為a。
12.（09天津） it was a nice house, but _______ too small for a family of live.
a. rarely b. fairly c. rather d. pretty
【答案】c
【解析】考查副詞用法辨析。按照句意此處是“讓一個家庭去住相當小”，排除a rarely罕見，稀少；d pretty和fairly 意思用法相近表示褒義，但程度大于后者；rather表示貶義，尤其能和比較級和too連用，b,d選項不行，故選c
13.（09天津）i’m not surprised that he became a writer. even as a child he had a _____ imagination.
a. clear b. cautious c. funny d. vivid
【答案】d
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。此處句意為“甚至當他很小時，他都有豐富的想象力。”clear 清晰；cautions細心，謹慎；funny滑稽；vivid 生動，鮮明，豐富；吻合語境，選d
14.（09浙江）the incomes of skilled workers went up. ______, unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.
a. moreover b. therefore c. meanwhile d. otherwise
【答案】c
【解析】考查副詞的用法。該題前后兩句話之間是轉折關系，所以正確答案為:c。
15.（09浙江）in the good care of the nurses, the boy is ______ recovering from his heart operation.
a. quietly b. actually c. practically d. gradually
【答案】d
【解析】考查副詞的用法。在護士們的精心照料下，這個男孩正在逐漸地從心臟手術中恢復健康。gradually符合語境
16（09浙江）. john is very ____ ——if he promises to do something he’ll do it .
a. independent b. confident c. reliable d. flexible
【答案】c。
【解析】考查形容詞的區別。約翰非常的可靠，如果他許諾做某事他一定會做的，所以reliable為答案
17.（09江蘇） compared with his sister, jerry is even more_____ to, and more easily troubled by , emotional and relationship problems.
a. skeptical b. addicted c. available d. sensitive
【答案】d
【解析】be sensitive to對什么敏感。jerry is even more sensitive to emotional and relationship problems. more sensitive to與more easily troubled by 并列
【專題突破】形容詞和副詞做題技巧點撥：1.解比較級試題時應確保被比較兩者不屬同一范圍，如屬相同范疇，應在被比較的名詞前加other，else等詞匯；2.解最高級試題時應確保主語被置身于最高級范圍之內，分析語境含義和句子結構看是否符合"the+比較級，the+比較級"句型的需要；3.分析語境是否表示同級比較，確保as ... as中間應為形容詞、副詞原級；記住比較級前面只能用特定詞匯修飾；4.分析語境含義，確定是否符合a/an+比較級+單數可數名詞結構的需要；尋找兩者被明確提供的標志性詞匯是否符合比較級前面加定冠詞結構的需要
5.根據語境含義和句子結構分別使用比較級和同級比較句型，若題干為省略句應根據語境邏輯尋找被比較的對象，然后再進行比較級和同級比較分析；6.分析語境、邏輯來推斷空檔所需是形容詞還是副詞；根據句子結構的需要推斷所需是形容詞還是副詞；形容詞用于修飾名詞和代詞，表示人和事物的性質和特征。副詞既可修飾動詞，又可修飾形容詞和其他副詞，甚至整個句子。
實例點撥
1.形容詞和副詞比較級的形式是否和比較連詞對應出現，即是否符合原級比較及比較級的結構。
do you enjoy listening to records? i find records are often______, or better than an actual performance.
a. as good as b. as good c. good d.good as
【點撥】在這里as good as 比較連詞與better than比較連詞同時出現時候，不能省略任何一個介詞。答案為a
2.比較的成分是否屬于同類事物或同類概念，既是說比較要具有可比性。
the number of registered participants in this year’s marathon was half______.
a. of last year’s b.those of last year’s
c.of those of last year d. that of last year’s
【點撥】（前后相比的應該是今年和去年注冊參加的人數“the number of”故代替它的應該是單數指示代詞“that”，而不能選擇b，those是指代participants，不是同類對比，答案為d
3.比較級與倍數詞關系及其位置
原級結構中可插入表達倍數的詞，表示為“為….若干倍”, 當與有表示倍數比較的詞在一起時候等，他們的位置是，倍數詞+as…as…,或倍數詞+more…than….。
1.——you don’t go to that supermarket quite often, do you?
—— no, i only go there ______ because it’s too far away from my house.
a. eventually b. constantly c. occasionally d. frequently
2. my daughter cares more for new clothes than anything else in the world, so she is very _______ about what she wears.
a. special b. strict c. especial d. particular
3. well, that’s just the deal. ______ price will be out of my reach.
a. the higher b. a higher c. the highest d. a highest
4. much to my surprise, the eight-year-old boy _____fixed my computer within ten minutes.
a.skillfully b.immediately c.normally d.nervously
5. attention, coffee lovers! we have for you, the best coffee machine _____ invented.
a. ever b. already c. even d. nowadays
6. it is ______ to spend money in preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people ______ after they are ill.
a. good; good b. well; better c. better; better d. better; good
7. the increase of the number of the students makes the limited computers not ______ to each student.
a.available b.affordable c.helpful d.acceptable
8. food safety is ________ important, so the government spares no efforts to prevent food pollution.
a.strongly b. reasonably c.highly d. naturally
9. 10,000 dollars is a large sum of money，but it is still ______than we need for a new house
a.very few b.very little c.far fewer d.far less
10. wouldn’t it be ____for you to pick me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport.
a.free b.vacant c.handy d.convenient
參考答案及解析
1.【解析】c句意：---你不經常去超市，是嗎？---不經常去，我只是偶爾去，因為超市離我們家太遠。occasionally---sometimes, but not regular and not often偶爾；eventually ---at last, in the end最后，終于；constantly ---all the time, or very often不斷地，經常地；frequently頻繁地，經常地。
2.【解析】d special特殊的；strict嚴厲的；especial專門的；be particular about sth對……很挑剔；符合題意。這句話的意思是：我的女兒對新衣服和一切新事物都很關心，因此她對穿著很挑剔。
3.【解析】b 句意：好了，成交了，再高了就超出了我的支付能力了。根據題意，并不是進行比較，因此不用比較級，排除a 和c，而是表示“再”，冠詞a+比較級表示此意。
4.【解析】a skillfully技巧熟練地，符合題意。由much to my surpris 可推測出 the eight-year-old boy應該技巧熟練。immediately立即的；normally正常的；nervously緊張的
5.【解析】a 句意強調“我們今天準備的是曾經最好的” ever 曾經；already 已經；even 甚至；nowadays 如今；后三項不符合題意。
6.【解析】c 有than 可知前面一個空應用比較級，因此排除ab, 根據題意第二個空也應用比較級，是生病前后病人身體健康狀況的比較
7.【解析】a available可以得到的, 可達到的, 可用的；affordable買得起的；helpful 有幫助的；acceptable可以接受的；根據句意，a項符合題意。
8.【解析】c strongly強壯地，強烈的；reasonably合情合理的；highly 高度地, 很好, 非常；naturally自然的；句意是食品安全非常重要，因此政府不遺余力預防食物污染。
9.【解析】d 由 than 可知應用比較級，排除ab，數量多少應用 little 比較級為 less.
10.【解析】d free自由的，空閑的；vacant空缺的，空白的；handy便于使用的, 便利的, 可攜帶的, 輕便的；convenient方便的，d項符合題意
【學法導航】形容詞或副詞在歷年的高考試卷中都會考到。對于形容詞和副詞，學生首先應該掌握形容詞和副詞基本用法；然后掌握形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級特殊句型。學生可以重點掌握四個即可：一是在下面這些半系動詞sound，taste，smell，look，feel，seem，appear，stand，fall，remain，keep，get，grow，become，turn等后面常跟形容詞作表語。 二是掌握名詞前多個形容詞的順序問題，一般表主觀形容詞，如新舊大小長短是否漂亮這些形容詞在前，表客觀形容詞，如顏色材料質地本質形容詞在后面。如an old small red paper packet 一個舊的紅色的小紙包；三是掌握特殊句型的口語表達法、倍數位置；四十精做習題，依據語境規律排除，訓練自己的應試能力
【專題綜合】1. how beautifully she sings! i have never heard _____ voice.
a. a better b. a best c. the better d. the best
2. professor white has written some short stories, but he is _____ known for his plays.
a. the best b. more c. better d. the most
3. the plane flew smoothly ______ in the sky and people spoke ______ of the experienced pilot.
a. high；high b. highly；highly c. high；highly d. highly；high
4. —— what do you think of the concert?—— oh, it was______success.
a. a very b. quite a c .so d. really
5. i haven’t seen______ this since i collected stamps.
a. as old a stamp as b. so an old stamp as
c. stamp as old as d. as an old stamp a
6.the task is too much for me, so i can’t carry on ______any longer. i must get some help.
a. singly b.simply c.alone d.lonely
7. have your working conditions improved?
---no, ______than before, i’m afraid.
a. no better b.a little batter c.not worse d.no worse
8. to their great relief, the missing child returned home, ______, after an absence of two weeks.
a.felt tired and sound b.tiring and soundly
c.feeling tired but soundly d.tired but sound
9. we must keep our room clean, for dirt and disease go______, you know.
a.hand in hand b.step by step c.from time ti time d.one zfter another
10. how are you getting on with your classates?
——______. i’ve got to know them all.
a. far better b.much pleased c.very comfortable d.very good
11. it is always difficult being in a foreign country, __________if you don’t speak the language.
a.extremely b.naturally c.basically d.especially
12. it is generally believed that teaching is ___________it is a science.
a.an art much as b.much an art as c.as an art much as d.as much an art as
參考答案及解析
1.【解析】a容易誤選d，認為最高級前要用定冠詞。其實此題最佳答案為a，該句可視為…i have never heard a better voice than her voice 之省略，全句句意為“她唱得多好啊！我從未聽過她這么好的聲音”
2.【解析】c 此題首先不宜選b或d，因為 well known 的比較級和最高級通常是 better known和best known，有時也可以是 more well known 和 most well known，但通常不能是 more known 和 most known。至于是選a還是c，這就要看語境。由于句中涉及的只有 stories 和 plays 兩個對象，故應選比較級。
3.【解析】c high in the sky 是個形容詞短語，意為“高高地在天上”。同時，speak highly of 是個詞組，表示“高度贊揚”的意思
4.【解析】b quite a , quite some用以指人或物不尋常，如we had quite a party.（我們的聚會不一般。）it must be quite some car.（那輛車可不比尋常。）
5.【解析】a 表示“象這么舊的郵票”可用以 下形式表達：as old a stamp as this； a stamp as old as this； 否定句中前一個as可用so。
6.【解析】c句意：這項任務對我來說太重了，我再也不能單獨自己做了，我必須找個助手。singly各自的，一個一個地；simply簡單的，僅僅，只不過；alone獨立，單獨；lonely孤獨的，寂寞的。
7.【解析】a 你們的工作條件改善了嗎？---沒有，和以前一樣（不好）。no+比較級+ than 表示“兩者同樣不……的意思”
8.【解析】d 句意：使他們寬慰的是，丟失的孩子兩周后又重返家園，雖然很疲憊但很健康。形容詞作狀語表示伴隨或結果，不表示動作的方式
9.【解析】a 句意：我們必須保持室內衛生，你知道臟亂與疾病是分不開的。hand in hand---happenning together and closely connected密切相關的，同時發生的。本句還可說成：dirt goes hand in hand with disease.
10.【解析】a 句意：——你和你們班的同學相處的如何？——好多了，我和他們都認識了。答語為省略句，補全后應為：i’m getting on far better with my classmates.
11.【解析】d本題考查副詞的詞義辨析。注意掌握詞語的準確含義，結合語境進行分析。a項意為“極端地”；b項意為“自然地”；c項“基本上”；d項“尤其，特別地”。根據句意“如果你不會講（它的）語言，在國外你就總會困難重重”可知答案
12.【解析】d 本題可從考查形容詞的同級比較點入手。在同級比較as…as句式中，如果as后面的形容詞作定語且其所修飾的名詞前有不定冠詞時，該冠詞須置于形容詞之后，即形成“as + 形容詞 + a / an + 單數可數名詞 + as”結構。這道題在名詞專題中也有解析，不同的是觀察視角不同，應注意培養發散思維
2022高考二輪復習英語學案 篇3
XX高考二輪復習英語學案專題九 名詞性從句
【典例精析】
1.( 山東，22 )could i speak to ____is in charge of international sales ,please ?
a. anyone b. someone c. whoever d. no matter who
【解析】c.“is in charge of international sales ”表語從句，缺少引導詞和主語。其中a. b.選項后面需加定語從句引導詞who； 而no matter who不能引導名詞性從句，只能引導狀語從句。
2.（ 重慶，25 ）people in chongqing are proud of __they have achieved in the past ten years .
a. that b. which c what d. how
【解析】c “they have achieved in the past ten years ”做介詞of的賓語，賓語從句中缺少have achieved的賓語。
3.（ 山東，23 ）____was most important to her ,she told me ,was her family .
a. it b this c. what d. as
【解析】c.句子的主干為“____was most important to her was her family”很明顯此句的主語是個從句，主語從句中缺主語。
4.（09山東）the little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait tor her mother.
a. where b. what c. how d. who
【解析】a remain是系動詞，后加表語從句，由句意可知，從句缺地點狀語，所以選a。
5.（09湖南）she is very dear to us. we have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.
a. whichever b. however c. whatever d. whoever
【解析】c 名詞性從句的引導詞。句意為：她對我們來說是非常寶貴，我們已經準備好做一切來拯救她的生命。
6.（09江西）the fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
a. what b. which c. that d. though
【解析】c 間隔式同位語從句的用法。即先行詞是the fact 和that引導的同位語從句中間隔了謂語部分。
7.（09海南）could i speak to is in charge of international sales please?
a. who b. what c. whoever d. whatever
【解析】c whoever既作了 to 的賓語，又作is in charge of international sales please?的主語。“whoever”作代詞，/any person who/the person who/“任何人”、“無論誰”、“……的人”。
8.（09陜西）the how to book can be of help to wants to do the job.
a. who b. whomever c. no matter who d. whoever
【解析】d 此處從做介詞to的賓語，是名詞性從句，引導詞做從句的主語，指人，意思是：無論是誰，選d。
9.（09海南）one of the most important questions they had to consider was of public health
a. what b. this c. that d. which
【解析】c 句意為：他們必須考慮其中最重要的問題是公共衛生。考查that作代詞，that 作代詞，往往用于特指，相當于“that＋名詞”，它也只能代替事情不能代替人。
10.（09上海）as a new diplomat, he often thinks of _______ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
a. what b. which c. that d. how
【解析】d考查賓語從句用法。句意“作為一個新的外交家，他常常想到在這樣的場合下，他如何才能作出更恰當的反應”。可知選d符合。
11.（09四川）8. news came from the school office ________wang lin had been admitted to beijing university.
a. which b. what c. that d. where
【解析】c 在該題中that引導了一個同位語從句來解釋說明news的內容，由于該題把同位語從句后置了，所以很多考生由于不能正確分析句子結構而錯誤選擇了d項。
【專題突破】要求學生在做題中要注意如下幾點：1.分析結構，辨析名詞性從句和狀語從句；2.理解句意，正確區別引導詞；3.按照句意，出現那個引導詞意思，便選擇那個引導詞。
1.there is a common belief among them ___rubbish can and should be put to good use .
a. which b. if c. whose d. that
2.__ has been mentioned above, continued chairman after he took a sip of coffee, ____ the project must be carried out before spring flood comes.
a. as; that b. that; which c. this; which d. it; that
3. david beckham has ___it take to become a professional football player.
a.who b.what c.which d.that
4. nobody would stand out admitting the fact, for some reason, they lost the game.
a. that b. which c. what d. why
5.--- the patient looks much better. is it that has made him he is today?
--- perhaps the special medicine and his family’s patient care.
a.what; that b.that; that c.what; what d.what; which
6. after three hours’ climbing , they reached they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of .
a.what b.which c.where d.that
7. a plan has been put forward __ more graduates should go to work in the country
a. when b. that c. whether d. how
8.it is pretty well understood __________controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
a.that b.when c.what d.how
9.there is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ____________ road conditions need ____________.
a. that; to be improved b. which; to be improved
c. where; improving d. when; improving
10.______ made the school proud was ______ more that 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
a.what…because b.what…that c.that…what d.that…because
11.— are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
— oh, that’s ____________.
a. what makes me feel excited b. whatever i feel excited about
c. how i feel about it d. when i feel excited
12.you are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ________ i disagree.
a. why b. where c. what d. how
13.the road is covered with snow. i can’t understand ________ they insist on going by motor-bike.
a. why b. whether c. when d. how
參考答案和解析：
1.【解析】d “___rubbish can and should be put to good use .”是a common belief的同位語從句，從句中意思完整,結構完整。
2.【解析】a“__ has been mentioned above”是定語從句，而“____ the project must be carried out before spring flood comes.”是動詞continued的賓語從句，賓語從句中句意和結構都完整，故選that，結合第一個空，得答案a.
3.【解析】b “_______ it takes to be a professional footballer”做has的賓語，賓語從句中缺少takes的賓語。句意“貝克擁有成為一名職業足球運動員所需要的品質”
4.【解析】a“_______ they lost the game.”在句子中做the fact 的同位語從句,從句意思結構完整,結構完整。
5.【解析】c先將句子結構理清楚，it is ___that has made him ___he is today 就可以判斷，第一個空是考察強調句型的特殊疑問形式；第二個空則是表語從句，表語從句中缺少he is的表語。句意：病人好多了，是什么使得他成為現在這個樣子。
6.【解析】a考生誤以為是地點狀語從句，誤選c.where。而reached是及物動詞，后邊接的是賓語從句，賓語從句除去插入語they thought，應該缺主語。
7.【解析】b 考察同位語從句，表達a plan的具體內容，has been put forward將名詞與從句隔開，加大了難度。
8.【解析】c 主要測試主語從句。分析句子結構可知：句子屬于形式主語格式；另外主句中缺少主語。雙重作用的引導詞只能是what。例如：it is still doubtful what he said at the meeting yesterday。昨天他在會上說的話仍然值得懷疑。
9.【解析】c 主要測試同位語從句。由句子語境可知句意;有個新的問題卷入私家車行列：道路狀況需要改進。結合同位語從句的定義可知：問題的具體內容既是：到了狀況需要改進。因此屬于該句型結構。例如：there was a new problem put forward at the meeting where we could get the loan。會議上提出一個新問題，我們到哪兒弄到貸款。
10.【解析】b主要測試主語從句和表語從句。分析句子結構可知：句子______ made the school proud 缺少主語，另外還要引導主語從句，故此只能選擇what，由此先排除c、d兩答案。再結合句子______ more that 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities結構完整不缺少成分，只需要引導詞。句子意思：讓我們學校自豪的是百分之九十多的學生被重點大學錄取。
11.【解析】a 主要測試表語從句。此試題測試的重點在于表語從句及起引導詞。句子意思：——你仍在考慮昨天的比賽嗎？———哦，那正是讓我感到興奮的地方。可以利用排除法：b、c、d三個答案中結構或句子意思不符合語境。
12.【解析】c主要測試表語從句。解題的關鍵在于分清句子中動詞disagree的詞性：不及物動詞。句子意思：你說每個人應該平等，這正是我不同意的地方。
13.【解析】a 主要測試賓語從句。充分把握題干挖掘所有可能存在的信息。意思：路上有積雪。我不理解他們為何堅持騎摩托車去。此題可以結合語境及答案兩方面，逐一排查尋找最佳答案。充分注意所給答案能夠充當句子什么成分這也是解題的關鍵。
【學法導航】考生對于名詞性從句的復習和應試關鍵要把握每個引導詞的意義，因為在對于名詞性從句的考查中，引導詞在句子中都起作用，有意義，因此在分析句子結構，對比辨別名詞性從句、狀語從句、強調句式后，最后還是要選擇引導詞；另外還要注意以下幾點：
1.what 引導詞的考查，尤其位于介詞后引導的賓語從句以及引導名詞性從句時的雙重作用。
2.whether和if 的區別，尤其注意他們的不同之處。
3.名詞性從句和其它從句的兼容結構測試。
4.句子語序和時態。
具體說：
1.掌握名詞性從句的分類功能
名詞性從句根據其在主句的功能作用又可分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
1)若從句在句中作主語為主語從句
what he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.(nmet93)
2.)若從句在句中作賓語為賓語從句
i remember when this used to be a quiet village.(nmet93)
3.)若從句在句中作表語為表語從句
-i drove to zhuhai for the air show last week.
-is that why you had a few days off?(nmet99)
4)若從句在句中作同位語為同位語從句
we will discuss the question whether we will go there or not.
2.掌握連詞的含義及分類
絕大多數名詞性從句的連詞都有其實在意義，稱為有義連詞，如what表“……的內容”，when表“……的時間”，where表“……的地點”，why表“……的原因”，how表“如何；怎樣”，who表“誰”，if、whether表“是否”；沒有實在意義的連詞叫無義連詞，無義連詞只有that一個。
3.掌握名詞性從句的語序
名詞性從句用陳述語序。
4.掌握名詞性從句和其它從句之間的關系
有些連詞除引導名詞性從句外還可引導其它從句，應掌握它們之間的關系。
1)if ,whether表"是否"時引導名詞性從句；if表“如果”時引導條件狀語從句；whether表“無論是否；不管是否”時引導讓步狀語從句。
2)when表“……的時間”，where表“……的地方”時引導名詞從句；when表“當……的時候”引導時間狀語從句，where表“……的地方”，且修飾行為動詞時，引導地點狀語從句；when,where從句作定語修飾先行詞時引導定語從句。
【專題綜合】1.we can not figure out ____quit a number of insects ,birds ,and animals are dying out .
a. that b. as c. why d. when
2. after yang liwei succeeded in circling the earth ,___our astronauts desire to do is walk in space .
a. where b. what c. that d. how
3. mary wrote an article on ____the team had failed to win the game .
a. why b. what c. who d. that
4. the place __ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ____the cross-river traffic is the heaviest .
a. which; where b. at which ;which
c. at which ;where d. which ;in which
5. the shopkeeper didn’t want to sell for __he thought was not enough .
a where b. how c. what d. which
6. a warm thought suddenly came to me ___i might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday .
a. if b. when c. that d. which
7. see the flag on top of the building ? that was ___ we did this morning .
a when b. which c. where d. what
8. the government has announced that a modern city will be set up in ____is still a wasteland now .
a. what b. which c. that d. where
9.many people wrote articles on ___liu xiang had failed to compete in the event .
a. why b. what c. who d. that
10.the couple are spending their holiday on __is described as one of the most beautiful islands .
a. that b. what c. which d. where
11.the book is meant to ___needs it .
a. who b. whoever c. whomever d. whom
12.in his speech, premier wen jiabao points out that creativity is __it takes to keep a nation highly competitive .
a. how b. what c. which d. that
13.the experience of the chinese nation attests to a truth____ a nation loses in times of disaster will be made up for by her progress
a. that what b. what c. that d. what that
14.___has recently been done to provide more buses for the people ,a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem .
a.that b.what c.in spite of what d.though what
15.____is certain is ___prevention is more important than treatment .
a.it;that b.what;that c.as;what d.what;what
參考答案和解析：
1.【解析】c figure out后接賓語從句，根據從句要表達的意思“為什么很多昆蟲，鳥，和動物在逐漸滅絕”
2.【解析】b“our astronauts desire to do”是主語從句，從句中缺少do的賓語
3.【解析】a“the team had failed to win the game”是詞on的賓語從句，從句中不缺主干，故排除b和c.再根據句意 “為什么這個隊沒能贏”
4.【解析】c“he bridge is supposed to be built”是定語從句，修飾名詞place。“he cross-river traffic is the heaviest”組在句中做表語，表語從句引導詞中沒有in which，兩空結合
5.【解析】c.那位店主不愿意以他認為不夠高的價格出售他的商品。本題考察賓語從句的用法。難度在于“he thought”的干擾。從句中缺少主語故選c. what
6.【解析】c.句意：我腦海中突然出現一個溫情的念頭，用我的零花錢給媽媽買些鮮花作為她的生日禮物。本題考察名詞性從句用法。i might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday .做a warm thought 的同位語從句。中間被suddenly came to me隔開，增加了試題難度。此外，部分考生由于對同位語從句和定語從句不分，故錯選d為答案
7.【解析】d表語從句中缺did的賓語。
8.【解析】a “____is still a wasteland now .”做介詞in的賓語從句，從句中缺主語句意為：政府已經宣布一座現代化的城市將在這片現在仍是廢墟的地方建成。
9.【解析】a“___liu xiang had failed to compete in the event .”做介詞on的賓語，賓語從句中不缺主干，故排除b和c。另外that不引導介詞的賓語從句（固定搭配除外），所以排除d。
10【解析】b “__is described as one of the most beautiful islands .”賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，
11.【解析】b whoever在賓語從句中做主語，部分學生，因為只看到介詞to，誤認為要添whomever做介詞的賓語。
12【解析】b “__it takes to keep a nation highly competitive .”做表語從句，從句中缺少takes的賓語，構成 it takes sth to do sth 結構。
13【解析】a本題句子結構比較復雜，“____ a nation loses in times of disaster will be made up for by her progress”做a truth的同位語從句，同位語從句中____ a nation loses in times of disaster為主語從句。本句共有兩個從句，故有兩個引導詞。句意為“中華民族的經驗證明了一個真理，即，一個民族在災難中失去的，必將從民族的進步中得到補償。
14.【解析】c “___has recently been done to provide more buses for the people”在句中做讓步狀語,而d. though what錯誤,因為,一個單一的從句不能用兩個連詞引導.句意:盡管在為人們提供更多公交車這件事上,投入了很多,但是公交工具的缺乏,仍然是個問題.
15【解析】b “____is certain”在句中做主語,主語從句缺少一個主語,需要用what; “___prevention is more important than treatment .”系表語從句,句意與結構完整,只有that,可以這樣用。
2022高考二輪復習英語學案 篇4
XX高考二輪復習英語學案專題四 介詞和連詞
【典例精析】1.（安徽，23）fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank _______ a chair.
a. on b. off c. into d. to
【解析】c 考查介詞的用法。句意為：fred沒有敲門就闖進來了，然后氣喘吁吁地坐到椅子上。sink into (a chair) 表示“沉下、沉落、陷入”。
2.（北京，33）if you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ____ the back door.
a. for b. by c. across d. out
【解析】b考查介詞。for為了；by借助，通過；across通過（平面）；out出去。根據句意：如果你必須在會議期間離開，你最好從后門出去。
3.（福建，23）a great man shows his greatness ________ the way he treats little men.
a. under b. with c. on d. by
【解析】d考查介詞的用法。by (表示方式)通過; 憑借。句意為：一位偉人通過他對待普通人的方式來展示出他的偉大。
4.（湖北，30）30. when she first arrived in china, she wondered what the future might have_________for her, but now all her worries are gone. （•湖北）
a. in need b. in time c. in preparation d. in store
【解析】d考查介詞短語。in need需要；in time及時；in preparation在準備中；in store將要發生，就要出現，儲備著。從句中的the future可知，應選擇d。
5.（湖南，27） ---when did you last hear _____ jay?
---he phoned me this morning, and we agreed____ a time and place to meet.
a of, to b about, with c. from, with d. from, on
【解析】d考查介詞與動詞的搭配。第一個空是考查hear from“接到某人的來信”，第二個空考查agree on“在某方面達成一致意見”。
6.（遼寧，33）i like mr. miner’s speech; it was clear and___the point.
a. at b. on c. to d. of
【解析】c本題考查介詞與名語構成的短語。to the point意思為“切中要點”。
7.（寧廈，24）let’s learn to use the problem we are facing a stepping-stone to future success.
a. to b. for c. as d. by
【解析】c本題句意為：讓我們學習使用我們正面臨的問題作為未來成功的奠基石。as “作為”，短語use...as...把……當作。
8.（全國2，15）modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things i like ____ working here.
a. with b. over c. at d. about
【解析】d介詞辨析。從題意來看，就選擇“關于”，而四個選項中只有about有此義。
9.（陜西，19）elizabeth has already achieved success ___ her wildest dreams.
a. at b. beyond c. within d. upon
【解析】b考查介詞辨析。根據achieved success和wildest可以推斷出此處所填介詞意思是：超出，為……所不及，選b；at表示“點”；within表示“在……里”；d項等于on，意思是：依靠，憑借。
10.（上海，25）the two sportsmen congratulated each other ______ winning the match by shaking hands.
a. with b. on c. in d. to
【解析】b本題考查介詞與動詞的固定搭配。congratulate sb. on sth. 因為...而恭喜某人。
11.（天津,10） many chinese universities provided scholarships for students ______ financial aid.
a. in favour of b. in honour of c. in face of d. in need of
【解析】d介詞短語辨析。in favour of支持；in honour of為慶祝，紀念；in face of面對；in need of需要。根據句意：許多中國的大學為需要財政援助的學生提供獎學金。
12.（天津，15）at the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _______.
a. out f sight b. out f reach c. out of order d. out of place
【解析】a 本題考查介詞短語辨析。out of sight看不見，在視野之外；out of reach夠不著，達不到；out of order運轉不正常，出毛病; out of place不在適當的位置, 不恰當。從句意可以看出，應選a。
13.（09湖南）7. ______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.
a. although b. as long as c. if only d. as soon as
【解析】a 考查從屬連詞的用法。根據句意，引導讓步狀語從句。故選a。
14.（09四川）16. owen wouldn’t eat anything ____________ he cooked it himself
a. until b. since c. unless d. while
【解析】c考查連詞的區別。該句的意思是：歐文不吃任何東西，除非這種東西是他自己
15.（09浙江）19.the medicine works more effectively ______ you drink some hot water after taking it.
a. as b. until c. although d. if
【解析】d 考查連詞用法。句意：服藥后喝點熱水，效果會跟好；由此可知此處有“如果；假如”的意思，故選d引導表示條件的狀語從句。
【專題突破】介詞和連詞做題技巧點撥：牢記介詞基本用法，把握易混介詞辨析，掌握使用介詞的固定搭配即可；對于連詞的突破方法應該分析句式，理解句意，按照語境、句意辨析連詞，每個連詞在句中均含有意義，故有某個連詞的意思，即選用該連詞即可。
1. everyone in this country enjoys the same right ______ religion, race or sex.
a.regardless of b.in view of c.in spite of d.in case of
2. bill always seems so confident, but ________ he’s extremely shy.
a.in vain b.in contrast c.in reality d.in surprise
3. _____ the fact that he is a star on stage now, this young man is still shy and talks little.
a.by means of b.in spite of c.in face of d.apart from
4. the plains indians believe in the great spirit who has power _____all things including animals, trees, stones and clouds.
a.of b.at c.over d.in
5. the winter of was extremely bad._____ most of people say it was the worst winter of their lives.
a.in general b.in a word c.in all d.in fact
6.—the authors of computer viruses are geniuses.
—i agree. if they applied their wisdom to other net technology ____human beings can benefit, it would be better.
a.in which b.through which c.from which d.during which
7. it’s quite_____me why such things have been allowed to happen.
a.for b.behind c.against d.beyond
8. ________ the numbers in employment，the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year.
a.in spite of b.in case of c.in terms of d.in praise of
9. too bad—— i missed the early train _____ only a few minutes!
a.by b.in c.at d.after
10. can’t you notice that there is little time left? please tell me the whole thing .
a.in case b.in brief c.in total d.in detail
10. pleasant music is often played ____classes to make students refreshed and relaxed for a while.
a.between b.among c.over d.after
11. --- would you please tell me what time it is?
--- it’s five minutes to nine_______my watch.
a.on b.by c.at d.in
12. _________ the fact that he was not a trained economist, his achievements were remarkable.
a.in spite of b.in case of c.in view d.in favor of
13. i’m sorry, _____ i won’t be able to come tonight.
a. for. b. and c. but. d. then
14. the point is not who said the words, _____ they are true or not.
a. but whether b. and whether c. but how d. and how
15. just because they make more money than i do, _____ they seem to look down on me.
a. so b. and c. but d. 不填
16.. although he had only entered the contest for fun, _____ he won first prize.
a. but b. andw c. even d. 不填
17. when the last prize had been awarded _____ everybody cleared off.
a. and b. so c. or d. 不填
參考答案及解析
1.【解析】a 考查介詞短語的用法。regardless of不管，不顧；in view of由于，鑒于；in spite of雖然，盡管；in case of萬一，如果，防備。根據題意應選擇a。
2.【解析】c考查介詞短語。in vain白費地，徒勞；in contrast相比之下； in reality實際上，現實上；in surprise驚奇地。題意：比爾好象總是很自信，但是事實上，他相當地害羞。因此選擇c。
3.【解析】b考查介詞短語。by means of用，依靠； in spite of雖然，盡管； in face of面臨； apart from脫離，除此之外。根據題意：盡管他現在在舞臺上是一個名星的事實，但是這個年青人仍然害羞且言談少。因此，選擇b。
4.【解析】c考查介詞的用法。over有“超過，高于”的意思。
5.【解析】d考查介詞短語。in general一般而言，總的來說；in a word總之；in all總共，總計；in fact事實上。根據句意：XX年的冬天是相當冷的。大多數人都說這是他們有生以來最嚴寒的冬天。從兩句來分析，應選擇d項。
6.【解析】c考查介詞與關系詞引導的定語從句。benefit from通過……獲利。因此，選擇c項。
7.【解析】d考查介詞的用法。beyond超出…的范圍; 超過; 對…來說太難, 非…所能及。for對于,因為，由于；behind在……后面；against與…方向相反, 逆著, 迎著, 頂著。句意：我很難相信為什么那樣的事情被允許發生。
8.【解析】c 考查介詞短語。in spite of雖然，盡管；in case of萬一，如果；in terms of就……而言，從……方面來說；in praise of贊揚……。從句意來看，應選擇c項。
9.【解析】a考查介詞的用法。by (表示程度)以…之差,符合題意。句意：太糟了——我僅以幾分鐘之差錯過了了早班火車。
10.【解析】b考查介詞短語。in case以防，以免； in brief簡而言之；in total總計，合計； in detail詳細地。句意：難道你沒有注意到僅有很少的時間剩下嗎？請簡單地告訴我整件事情。
10.【解析】a考查介詞的用法。在課間，應使用介詞between。
11.【解析】b考查介詞的固定搭配。by my watch根據我的表。
12.【解析】a考查介詞短語。in spite of盡管，雖然；in case of如果，萬一；in view被考慮；被期待；in favor of支持。根據句意：盡管他不是一位受訓的經濟師，他的成就是非凡的。
13.【解析】c事實上，i’m sorry 后習慣上不接表示原因的連詞 for，而接表示轉折的連詞 but（也可省略 but），用以委婉地提出一個使對方不快的事實。本題容易誤選a，因為空格后的句子是用以說明 i’m sorry 的原因的，所以便想當然地認為要選for來表示原因。
14.【解析】a 此題涉及兩個搭配：一是 not … but …（不是……而是……），二是 whether … or not （是否）。幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
15.【解析】d 但是按英語語法，because 為從屬連詞，用以引導原因狀語從句，它表明整個句子為復合句；而 so 在表示“所以”時，它是并列連詞，用以連接兩個簡單句使之成為并列句。由于在同一句中既用了從屬連詞 because，又用了并列連詞 so，使得該句一半像復合句，一半像并列句，從而導致錯誤。正確的做法是，任意去掉 because 和 so 中的一個，使之要么成為復合句，要么成為并列句。 但容易誤選a，將漢語的“因為……所以……”直譯為 because … so …。
16.【解析】d容易誤選a，將漢語的“雖然……但是……”直譯為 although … but …。
17..【解析】d句首 when 引導的是一個時間狀語從句，它暗示整個句子為復合句；而so, and, or 為并列連詞，無論選哪一個，都表明整個句子為并列句，從而導致前后矛盾，所以a、b、c均不能選擇。故答案選d，everybody cleared off 為整個復合句的主句。防止誤選a.
【學法導航】介詞是英語中最活躍的詞類之一，在高考英語中出現的頻率較高。從近幾年的高考試題來分析，在介詞的復習過程中，要把握重點，弄清疑點、混點即可。突破的重點要放在以下幾個方面：
1.常見介詞的用法，以及常見介詞的辨析。
2.介詞與動詞、形容詞所構成的短語要熟記。
3.介詞加關系代詞引導的定語從句中，介詞的選用要重點注意。
同學們做題時要注意以下幾個地方：
1.表示時間時不用介詞的情況：
（1）表示時間的詞前有one/any/each/every/some/all/this/that等時。
（2）表示時間的詞前有tomorrow/yesterday/the day before/the day after等時。
（3）當以現在為起點，談論last和next時，last和next前不用介詞。
2、幾組常用介詞的用法區別：
（1）in與at一般小地方用at,大地方用in。
（2）in 與on表一般時間用in,表具體時間用on。
（3）besides與except besides表示“除……外（還有）”；except表示“（只有）除外”；except for“除了……”，表示部分地修正主體，引導短語；except that引導從句。
（4）in,to與on 表示在某范圍之內用in;表示在某范圍之外用to;表示“相鄰，接壤”時用on.
使用連詞要注意它的特點：就是在句子中有自己的意義，把握意思，吻合語境即可。在做題時再注意以下幾點：
1、though/although不能與but同時連用，但可以與yet連用。
2、because 與so不能同時連用。the reason why…is后通常用that而不用because.
3、注意并列連詞連接的必須是平行的詞、詞組、短語或分句。
4、注意某些動詞后的連詞。
（1）discuss后一般不跟連詞if所引導的從句。
（2）doubt后連詞的用法 ：一般在否定句和疑問句中，doubt后習慣跟that引導的從句；在肯定句中，doubt后面習慣跟whether或if引導的從句。如：
5、whether與if的區別：
【專題綜合】
1.the visit of the police was not connected ____ the lost child.
a. by b. with c. to d. in
2.though _____ my opinion, my mother didn’t say anything to show that she agreed with me.
a. against b. on c. for d. in
3.scientists have shown that there is a connection ____ cigarette smoking and certain diseases.
a. with b. between c. to d. for
4.as a lover of popular music, she enjoys listening to it _____ mp3.
a. in b. on c. with d. by
5.the kind-hearted couple decided to adopt the boy ____ parents had been killed in an accident.
a. of whom b. with whom c. on whom d. in whose
6.these two houses are similar _____ they both have a large garden with many kinds of flowers.
a. to that b. in which c. in that d. to which
7.the manager is talking with his secretary _____ the telephone. they usually keep in touch _____ telephone.
a. by ;on b. through; by c. on; on d. by ;with
8.he got to the bus station early, _____ missing the first bus .
a. in case of b. instead of c. for fear of d. in search of
9. he got to the station early,____________ missing his train.
a. in case of b. instead of c. for fear of d. in search of
10. the journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days.
a. of which b. during which c. from which d. for which
11.mr. anderson starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon_____a break at midday.
a.with b.for c.as d.through
12.______the morning of that saturday,my mother together with me visited my father in prison.
a.in b.on c.at d.to
13.the study you have been making______the ancient characters is an instructive job.
a. to b. of c. for d. from
14.—what’s your favorite sport?
—jogging. i always run_______the river every morning .
a. around b. on c. along d. in
15.we need fifty more people______our team to do the job.
a. but b. as well c. except d. besides
16. the question of _____she’ll come back home will be setted.
a.if b.whether c.when d.what
17.between 1975 and 1977,the number of overseas visitors increased_____27%.
a. by b. for c.to d.in
18.child______she was ,she could do housework for her mother.
a.though b.althogh c.for d.because
19.does john know any other foreign languages_____french?
a.except b.but c.besides d.beside
20._____does he have to type out the answer on a computer,_____he gets the computer to translate it into sounds.
a. not only;but also b.either;or
c.both ;and d.as well as;but
21.when we design a building,we should provide an entrance suitable for wheelchair on the passage,_____lifts,suitable bathrooms and toilets.
a. except b.as well c.as well as d.but
22.were stories passed on from one person to another? many of the country people could_____read_____write.
a. both; and b. either; or
c. neither; nor d. not only; but also
23.—would you like to come to dinner tonight?
—i’d love to,______i’m too busy.
a.and b.so c.as d.but
參考答案及解析
1【解析】b考查介詞與動詞的搭配。be connected with... 與……有關。
2【解析】c考查介詞的用法。從句意來看，盡管支持我的建議，我的母親沒有說任何事來表明她同意我的建議。
3【解析】b考查介詞的用法。根據題中的cigarette smoking and certain diseases，可知是兩者，因此應選擇b項。
4【解析】b考查介詞的固定搭配。on mp3在mp3上。
5【解析】a考查介詞與關系詞引導的定語從句。先行詞the boy與parents之間是從屬關系，因此選擇a項。
6【解析】c考查介詞與形容詞的搭配。be similar in在某方面相似。that引導的從句作介詞in的賓語。
7【解析】b考查介詞的用法。by當“通過”講時，其后不加冠詞；through當“通過”講時，其后加冠詞。
8【解析】c考查介詞短語。in case of以防，萬一；instead of代替，相反；for fear of唯恐；in search of尋找。根據句意來看，應選擇c項。
9【解析】c考查介詞短語。in case of “以防，以免”；instead of “代替，而不是”；for fear of “害怕，唯恐”； in search of“搜尋”。句意為：他很早就到了火車站，唯恐錯過他的火車。
10【解析】本題考查介詞與關系代詞引導的定語從句。根據句子分析，定語從句的先行詞是nine months,226天的航行時間是其中的一部分，屬于從屬關系，因此應使用介詞of
11【解析】a 介考查介詞with結構。即with a break at midday是由“with+賓語+介詞短語充當賓補”，在句中作狀語。
12【解析】b 強調具體的那個星期六早上。表示在具體某星期幾及具體某天上午、下午和晚上等都用介詞on。
13【解析】b 考查介詞的準確含義。根據句子結構可知you have been making____the ancient chinese characters作定語修飾the study,由此可以推導：主語the study作making的邏輯賓語，構成make the study of 搭配，相當于動詞study,因此此空應選of.
14【解析】c 考查介詞的準確含義。第二句：我每天早晨沿著河邊慢跑。jogging意即“慢跑”。介詞along表示“沿著”。其它不合句意。
15【解析】d besides表“除……外，還有”； except表“只有……除外”意同but ;as well也。
16【解析】b 根據句子意思“她回不回家這一問題將會解決”可排除c、d；又因whether引導的賓語從句可位于句首，if則不可，故選b。
17【解析】a表示增加或減少常用介詞by;to表示增加或減少到。
18.【解析】a though引導的讓步狀語從句除了用陳述句語序外，也可用倒裝語序。而although不可用于此句型。
19【解析】c ant other已暗示john了解french.
20【解析】、a not only引導的句子放于句首，要部分倒裝，but also部分倒裝。
21【解析】c并列連詞as well as 表示“也、一樣”的意思。
22【解析】d 并列連詞not only …but also表示“不但…而且”。
23【解析】d 第二空表示“我想去，但我很忙”。表示轉折含義。
2022高考二輪復習英語學案 篇5
（精品推薦）XX屆高考二輪復習英語學案--專題八 非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構
【典例精析】
1. （08北京）____ that she was going off to sleep, i asked if she'd like that little doll on her bed.
a. seeing b. to see c. see d. seen
【解題】a非謂語動詞see構成的短語與句子的主語i即其邏輯主語之間是主動關系,用在句首,中間與句子用逗號分開,表示伴隨情況,用作伴隨狀語,因此用現在分詞。
2.(08全國卷i)i like getting up very early in summer. the morning air is so good ____.
a. to be breathed b. to breathe c. breathing d. being breathed
【解題】b在主系表結構中,當表語形容詞為good, light, heavy, difficult等時,其后常用不定式作狀語,表示時間,原因,結果等,且常用主動形式表示被動意義,因此選b。此處為特殊情況。
3.(08北京)----did the book give the information you needed?
----yes. but ____ it, i had to read the entire book.
a. to find b. find c.to be finding d. finding
【解題】 a 非謂語動詞短語與主句之間用逗號隔開,作狀語。根據句意:為了找到需要的信息,我不得不看完整本書的內容,表示目的。不定式常在句首作目的狀語,且此處不表示動作正在進行,因此用一般式,選a。
4.（09湖南）nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it .
a. reusing b. reused c. reuses d. to be reused
【解析】d 考查動詞不定時的用法。句意為：現在人們有時把他們的廢物分開，以便很容易被重復利用。重新再利用是指將來發生的動作，而且是被動的。故選d。
5.（09江西）_________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.
a. giving b. having given c. to give d. given
【解析】d 考查非謂語動詞。如果把句子補充完整就不難看出：if they are given the right kind of training , 可知主語they 即these teenager soccer players與give 之間是被動的關系，所以用過去分詞。根據主、從句主語一致可省略從句主語的原則，連詞if 也可省，所以得出given the right kind of training , these teenager soccer players……
6.（09江西）the government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
a. forced b. forcing c. to be forced d. having forced
【解析】b 考查非謂語動詞的用法。 現在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾new laws ,相當于which forces ……...
7.（09海南）the children all turned_____the famous actress as she entered the classroom.
a. looked at b. to look at c. to looking at d. look at
【解析】b。 句意為：當那位著名的女演員走進了教室，所有的孩子都轉過頭去看她。
turn to 表示“轉向，求助”的意思。
8.(09海南) now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ?
a. taking b. take c. taken d. to take
【解析】c。 考查with +賓語+賓語補足語的用法。句意為：現在,我們已經討論了問題,是人們最滿意的決定？ take 與the decisions之間存在的關系是動賓關系，故用過去分詞表示被動
9.（09山東）we are invited to a party _________in our club next friday.
a. to be held b. held c. being held d. holding
【解析】a 考查非謂語動詞的用法，由next month可知時間是在將來，party是被舉行，故選a。
10（09陜西）i still remember to the famen temple and what i saw there.
a. to take b. to be taken c. taking d. being taken
【解析】d 考查非謂語動詞。此處非謂語動詞做remember的賓語，而remember后用非謂語動詞做賓語時，可以用v-ing形式，v-ing表示的動作已經完成，也可用動詞不定式，表示的動作還未發生，根據后文的saw可知此處非謂語動詞動作已經完成，且與邏輯主語是被動關系，用v-ing的被動式，選d。
11.（09福建） not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
a. reminding b. reminded c. to remind d. having reminded
【解析】b 考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，邏輯主語是句子的主語the manager，非謂語動詞與句子主語是被動關系，且其表示的動作在謂語動詞set out之前已經發生，非謂語動詞用過去分詞，選b。
12.（09福建）in april, , president hu inspected the warships in qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the pla navy.
a. marking b. marked c. having marked d. being marked
【解析】a 考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，其后有賓語，故與邏輯主語是主動關系，且表示的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時進行，用現在分詞，選a。
13.（09湖南）when he the door, he found his keys were nowhere.
a. would open b. opened c. had opened d. was to open
【解析】d 考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定時的用法。句意為：當他要打開門的時候,他發現他的鑰匙不見了。動詞不定時表示將要發生的動作。
14.（09湖南）9.at the age of 29, dave was a worker, in a small apartment near boston and ______ what to do about his future.
a. living; wondering b. lived; wondering
c. lived; wondered d. living; wondered
【解析】a 考查分詞的用法。句意為：29歲的大衛,是一個工人,住在一間小公寓在波士頓附近,不知怎么辦關于他的未來。現在分詞作定語修飾a worker，and 為并列連詞，連接相同的成份。
【專題突破】依據非謂語動詞各個不同類型的考查方式和特點。可以采用非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構的“五步驟”做題法；即非謂語動詞的“五步驟”做題法：1.牢記核心意義；2.分析句子成分；3.尋找邏輯主語；4.了解時間關系；5.分析特殊情況。獨立主格結構的“五步驟”：1. 認識獨立主格結構，建立獨立主格結構概念；2. 認清獨立主格結構的來源，理解獨立主格結構的功能；3. 從邏輯主語的不同認識分詞和獨立主格結構作狀語的區別；4.全面掌握獨立主格結構的功能；5. 熟悉獨立主格結構的不同類型，全面掌握獨立主格結構。當然并非每道題都要全面考慮以上"五步驟" 有時只需通過一兩個步驟即可得到答案。我相信,只要同學們在訓練中嚴格按照這種思路去分析,就可以練就一雙火眼金睛,那么,再難的考查非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構的試題都是可以快速得到答案的。
1. i don’t know whether you happen ____ it, but i’m going to study in the u.s.a. this september.
a. to be heard b. to be hearing c. to hear d. to have heard
2. _____ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery.
a. tiring; to admire b. being tired; admiring
c. tired; to admire d. tired; admiring
3. don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth.
a. run b. running c. being run d. to run
4. he looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
a. put b. to be put c. to put d. putting
5. _____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.
a. having stolen b. having been stolen c. stolen d. stealing
6. to answer correctly is more important than _____.
a. that you finish quickly b. finishing quickly
c. to finish quickly d. finish quickly
7. you will see this product made in this factory _____ wherever you go.
a. to be advertised b. advertised c. advertise d. advertising
8. the monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _____ the river.
a. to have discovered b. to have been discovered
c. to discover d. having been discovered
9. —— have you considered _____ your job as a teacher?
——yes. i like the job because a teacher is often considered _____ a gardener.
a. to change; to be b. to change; being c. changing; being d. changing; to be
10. mr. green is said _____ an experiment to prove the new method of solving the problem when young.
a. to do b. to have done c. to be doing d. to have been doing
11. seeing the soldiers well _____ for the flood-fight, the general nodded with satisfaction.
a. prepare b. preparing c. prepared d. having prepared
12.the murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。
a. being tied b. having tied c. to be tied d. tied
13.weather___, we'll go out for a walk.
a. permitted b permitting c permits d for permitting
14.the speech ______ a lively discussion started.
a.being delivered b. was delivered
c.be delivered d. having been delivered
15.______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly
than a man whose command of language is poor.
a.other things being equal b.were other things equal
c.to be equal to other things d.other things to be equal
16.all things ______, the planned trip will have to be called off.
a.considered b.be considered c.considering d.having considere
參考答案：
1.【解析】d happen to have done sth 為不定式的完成時, 表示一個已經完成了的動作,強調對于現在的影響.
2.【解析】c tired and out of breath為“形容詞和介詞短語”在句中作狀語。stop to do sth. 停下來去做另外一件事
3.【解析】b非謂語動詞作賓語補足語時,選項a、d表示將來可能發生的動作;b表示賓語持續性動作,根據句意選b,表示水不停地流出。
4.【解析】d catch sb doing sth表示發覺或當場捉住 sb在做一件事情。
5.【解析】a從動作發生的時間來看，應是先偷鉆石，再找地方藏匿，故用-ing形式的完成式。
6.【解析】c題意為“正確做出答案要比快速完成更重要”。兩個非謂語動詞短語在形式上應保持一致。
7.【解析】b advertise意為“為……登廣告”。made in this factory作定語修飾product; advertised作賓語補足語。
8.【解析】a用不定式的完成式表示動作發生在(定語)從句謂語動作之前。
9.【解析】d consider 作“考慮”解時，后常接-ing形式（短語）作賓語；作“認為” 解時，后常接含有名詞、形容詞或to be的復合結構。
10【解析】b由when young可知此處應該用不定式的完成式，表示此動作發生在謂語動作之前。
11.【解析】c由固定短語be (well) prepared for可知此處應用過去分詞作賓補。
12.【解析】d. with +名詞（代詞）+分詞+介詞短語結構。當分詞表示伴隨狀況時，其主語常常用with來引導。由于本句中名詞"手"與分詞"綁"是被動關系，因此用過去分詞，選d. 13.【解析】b. 本題中沒有連詞，它不是復合句，也不是并列句。 句中使用了逗號，且we 小寫，可知其不是兩個簡單句。能夠這樣使用的只有獨立主格或with的復合結構。據此判斷，本句中使用的是獨立結構，其結構為：名詞+分詞。 由于permit在這里翻譯為'天氣允許'，表主動，應用現在分詞，故選b。如果不會判斷獨立結構作狀語的形式，不妨將句子改為條件句，例如本句改為if weather permits, we'll go out for a walk. 然后將if 去掉，再將謂語動詞改為非謂語動詞即可。
14.【解析】d 句意：演講完后，開始了熱烈的討論。把握前后主語不一致，動作發生在之前，故選答案為d.
15.【解析】a 句意：在其它條件相同的情況下，表達好的人肯定要比語言能力差的人更快地取得成功，前后的主語不一致，故選答案a.
16.【解析】a 考慮了方方面面之后，原來計劃好的旅行不得不取消了,前后主語不一致，故答案為a。
【學法導航】非謂語動詞內容繁多,用法復雜,是學生們在英語學習過程中的最大難點,也是高考中的必考項目。獨立主格結構相對來說考查較少，但經常放在with復合結構中考查；同學們要想掌握他們的用法,輕松備戰高考,快速準確地解題,不妨牢記非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構基本、特殊用法以及解題“五步驟”，具體內容如下:
一.非謂語動詞“五步驟”
1. 牢記核心意義。不定式表將來或能夠,動詞ing形式表主動或進行,過去分詞表被動或完
2.分析句子成分。非謂語動詞在句中可充當主語、賓語、定語、表語、補語以及狀語。
3.尋找邏輯主語,把握，前后主語一致性和主被動關系。非謂語動詞雖然在語法上沒有主語,但它仍表示的是動作,因此在意義上會有一個動作的發出者,這個發出者就是它的邏輯主語。作主語補足語,表語和狀語時,邏輯主語為句子的主語;作賓語補足語,邏輯主語為賓語;作定語,邏輯主語是所修飾的先行詞;復合結構自帶邏輯主語。如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語的是主動關系,用現在分詞或不定式的主動式,如果是被動關系,則用過去分詞或不定式的被動式,如果表被動進行,則用現在分詞的被動式或不定式的被動進行式。
4.了解時間關系。如果非謂語動詞與句子的謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發生,用一般式;如果發生在之前,則用完成式,如果強調正在進行,則用進行時;如果動作在將來發生,則用不定式。
5.分析特殊情況。主要是指一些習慣用法,固定搭配等。
二.獨立主格結構的“五步驟”
1.認識獨立主格結構，建立獨立主格結構概念。
最初的獨立主格結構就是帶邏輯主語的分詞結構，它的作用相當于狀語。
2. 認清獨立主格結構的來源，理解獨立主格結構的功能。
我們清楚地看出獨立主格結構作狀語和分詞作狀語一樣來源于狀語從句。
3.從邏輯主語的不同認識分詞和獨立主格結構作狀語的區別。
分詞作狀語和獨立主格結構作狀語的區別就在于邏輯主語的不同，分詞的邏輯主語為主句的主語，獨立主格結構的邏輯主語就是分詞前邊的名詞或代詞。
4.全面掌握獨立主格結構的功能。
要將復合句或并列句改成簡單句時，應注意：要根據分詞和獨立主格結構作狀語時邏輯主語的不同情況改寫句子，當復合句或并列句的主語一致時，適合改成分詞作狀語；當復合句或并列句的主語不一致時，適合改成獨立主格結構作狀語。
5.熟悉獨立主格結構的不同類型，全面掌握獨立主格結構。
有時將并列句或復合句改成簡單句時，應注意：原句中含有 be 動詞時，一律改成 being 形式， being 后面為非名詞時 being 可忽略。
獨立主格結構除了分詞式獨立主格結構之外，還有介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式式獨立主格結構，即帶邏輯主語的介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式結構，可用作伴隨狀語、條件狀語、原因狀語或時間狀語。
【專題綜合】1. ____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
a. to throw b. thrown c. throwing d. being throwing
2. ____ in the fields on a march afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
a. to walk b. walking c. walked d. having walked
3. i hear they've promoted tom, but he didn't mention ____ when we talked on the phone.
a. to promote b. having been promoted
c. having promoted d. to be promoted
4. the message is very important, so it is supposed ____ as soon as possible.
a. to be sent b. to send c. being sent d. sending
5. ____ around the water cube, we wre then taken to see the bird's nest for the olympic games.
a.having shown b. to be shown c. having been shown d. to show
6. we had an anxious couple of weeks ____for the results of the experiment
a. wait b. to be waiting c. waited d. waiting
7. ____ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.
a. fail b. failed c. to fail d. having failed
8. it is one of the funniest things ____ on the internet so far this year.
a. finding b. being found c. to find d. found
9. ____ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.
a. waiting b.to wait c. having waited d. to have waited
10.----can those ____at the back of the classroom hear me?
-----no problem.
a. seat b. sit c. seated d. sat
11.he was busy writing a story, only _____once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
a. to stop b. stopping c. to have stopped d. having stopped
12. please remain ______; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.
a. seating b. seated c. to seat d. to be seated
13.----they are quiet, aren't they?
----yes. they are accustomed ______at meal.
a. to talk b. to not talk c. to talking d. to not talking
14.to learn english well, we should find opportunities to hear english ______as much as we can.
a. speak b. speaking c. spoken d. to speak
15. lucy's new job paid twice as much as she had made _____in the restaurant.
a. working b. work c. to work d. worked
16.the soldier fell asleep ________.
a.with the candle burning b.burning the candle
c.when he was burning the candle d.when burning the candle
17.________, the tiananmen square looks more beautiful.
a.being on b.when being on
c.with all the lights on d.when it turns on all the lights
18.____ the notice, he had an idea.
a.when he was watching b.watching c.when watching d.all the above
19.______ the notice, an idea came to his mind.
a.when he was watching b.watching c.when watching d.all the above
參考答案：1-5 cbbac 6-10 dddcc 11-15bbdca 16-19 acda
2022高考二輪復習英語學案 篇6
（精品推薦）XX屆高考二輪復習英語學案--專題一 名詞和冠詞
【典例精析】
1. （福建）what’s the _____ of having a public open space where you can’t eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while?
a. sense b. matter c. case d. opinion
【解析】a sense意為“感覺”在這樣一個公共場所，不可以吃喝甚至不可以走動有什么感覺。
2.（天津卷）most air pollution is caused by the burning of ____ like coal, gas and oil.
a. fuels b. articles c. goods d. products
【解析】a fuel燃料，題干中coal, gas, oil均為燃料，由此選出a
3. （山東）i bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real______.
a. exchange b. bargain c. trade d. business
【解析】b bargain廉價貨符合句意，exchange交換；trade貿易，買賣；business事業，業務均不合句意
4. （江西卷）—shall we go out for a walk?
—sorry. this is not the right ____ to invite me. i am too tired to walk.
a. moment b. situation c. place d. chance
【解析】a 句意為：此刻邀請我不合適，moment此時，此刻符合句意；situation形式；place地方；chance機會均不合題意
5. （湖北卷）the young man made a ______ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.
a. prediction b. promise c. plan d. contribution
【解析】b 年輕人對父母做出許諾。b許諾，答應符合句意；a意思為預測，c為計劃，d意為貢獻均不合句意
6. （湖北卷）the top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly______
a. atmosphere b. state c. situation d. phenomenon
【解析】a atmosphere氛圍。氣氛符合句意；b為狀態；c為形式；d意為現象
7. （安徽卷）to save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our school started a discussion “save our ________” .
a. sky b. life c. arts d. voices
【解析】d句意：為了拯救那些被遺忘的人類語言，我校同學開展了題為“拯救我們的聲音”的大討論；此處聲音妥當
8.（遼寧卷）my neighbor asked me to go for _________ walk, but i don’t think i’ve got _________ energy.
a. a; 不填 b. the; the c. 不填; the d. a; the
【解析】d go for a walk 去散步，走走，固定搭配；the energy 那個力量，專指去散步的力量，具體所指，所以用定冠詞the.
9.（全國ⅱ）it’s not _________ good idea to drive for four hours without _________ break.
a. a; a b. the; a c. the; the d. a; the
【解析】a開車好幾個小時沒有一個一次休息不是一個好主意，所以從意義上都是單數，而且是可數名詞，所以都用不定冠詞a.
10.（山東卷)students should be encouraged to use _____ internet as _________ resource.
a. 不填; a b. 不填; the c. the; the d. the; a
【解析】d因特網專有名詞用定冠詞；作為一種資源，種類泛指用不定冠詞a.
11.（湖南卷，22）have you heard ______ news？the piece of _______ petrol is going up again!
a. the, the b. 不填，the c. the, 不填 d. 不填，不填
【解析】c 聽說那個消息，特指后面的石油價格上漲，所以用定冠詞；石油不可數名詞，所以不用任何冠詞
12.（江蘇卷，21）we went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent.
a. the; the b. 不填；the c. the; 不填 d. 不填；不填
【解析】b by +交通工具中間不用任何冠詞；與水路對應，專指陸路，所以用定冠詞the.
13.（江西卷，30）--- i am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
--- it is not your fault. with __ rush-hour traffic and __ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.
a. a; a b. the; the c. /; / d. /; a
【解析】a 一種。。。樣的交通狀況用a;這么一場大雨，泛指，用a.
14.（陜西卷，10）i ate _________ sandwich while i was waiting for _________ 20:08 train.
a. the, a b. the, the c. a, the d. a, a
【解析】c 我吃了一個三明治，一般所指；特指哪一列火車，用定冠詞the.
15.（四川卷，08）in the united states, there is always ____ flow of people to areas of ______ country where more jobs can be found.
a. a; the b. the ; a c. the; the d. a; a
【解析】a一群人流，a flow of 固定搭配；特指能找到工作的那個地方，所以用定冠詞。
16.（浙江卷，2）______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.
a. an; the b. the; the c. an; 不填 d. the; 不填
【解析】a一個蘋果，可數名詞；hit sb on the head 固定用法。擊中某人某個部位用定冠詞。
17.（重慶卷） in many places in china, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation.
a. a; the b. /; a c. the; a d. the; the
【解析】c 自行車，專指大家知道的交通工具，用定冠詞表類別；一種。。。方式，固定用法。
【學法導航】按照名詞和冠詞的考查規律，同學們在復習備考中要注意：
1. 語義學習是語言學習過程中的基礎，沒有一定的詞匯量，聽說讀寫等其它能力無從談起。所以，在備考中，一定要重視詞匯語義的學習和復習
2. 詞匯意義的領悟和掌握既要機械記憶，又要在閱讀、運用中領悟，鞏固。要將詞匯織成一個網，全面掌握一些重要的詞匯及相關詞匯
3. 同義詞近義詞的學習必須進行專項復習。收集大量的語言實例，反復記憶，用心領悟。
4. 考查零冠詞用法。
5. 和某些抽象名詞連用，使其具體化以及不可數名詞在特指情況下將成為考查重點。
6. 冠詞在一些固定短語，特殊句式的運用將仍舊會出現在某些省市的高考試卷中。
7. 比較級中的冠詞也是考查的重點。
8. 冠詞的基本用法,定冠詞在adj.前表示一類尤其是考查的重點。
9. 語境、語義下的冠詞靈活運用。
10. 根據知識網絡將冠詞的基本用法記牢，這是你做好試題的前提。
11. 熟悉一些名詞的用法，和冠詞結合。有很多不可數名詞，有時候被具體化的情況，也是考查的重點
12. 多做練習，能夠提高熟悉語境的能力，很多考題是要和語境相聯系起來考查的，這方面一定要重視
【專題綜合】
1.i heard you have______ vacant position for a secretary. i’ve come to apply for _____job.
a.the; a b.a; the c.不填; a d.a; 不填
2.---john, there is_____ mr. wilson on the phone for you.
---- i’m in____ bath.
a. a; the b. the; a c. a; 不填 d. 不填; 不填
3. people think that ______ opening ceremony of the 29th olympic games is _____ great success.
a. an; a b. the ; a c. the ;the d. the ; x
4. --- do you often listen to _____ radio?
----no, in fact i haven’t got____ radio.
a. a; the b. 不填; a c. the; a d. the; the
5.--- waiter, could we have_____ bill, please?
----darling, don’t forget to leave____ tip.
a. a; the b. a; 不填 c. the; 不填 d. the; a
6. the research showed beyond ________ that smoking contributes to heart diseases.
a. wonder b. doubt c. problem d. use
7 would you take my old tv in _______ for this camera?
a. place b. return c. exchange d. business
8 faced with the hard financial ____________, all the countries in the world should learn to cooperate to get it over.
a. situation b. position c. phenomenon d. state
9. it is a spectacular __________ as the fireworks are set off and light up the who sky during the spring festival.
a. look b. view c. scenery d. sight
10. quite a few employees’ payments are cut down and barely cover their household ________ due to the serious economic crisis.
a. bills b. expenses c. prices d. charges
11. suddenly we felt the _________atmosphere grow tense as neither of the sides would give in.
a. atmosphere b. state c. situation d. phenomenon
12. the chinese are looking forward to the first _______to land on the moon after three chinese astronauts’ successful trip to space.
a. measure b. attempt c. purpose d. desire
13. —who did you stay with yesterday? i couldn’t find you anywhere.
— ___________.
a. mr. green’s b.the greens c. greens d. the mr. green’s
14. i shouldn’t have accepted the man’s present, but i found it difficult to turn down his ______.
a. offer b. request c. suggestion d. plan
15. he kept sending her presents in an attempt to win her _______.
a. respect b. favor c. admiration d. pleasure
參考答案1-5 badcd
6【解析】b beyond doubt為固定短語，意為：無疑，確實。本句句意為：這項研究確實表明吸煙會導致心臟疾病。
7.【解析】c in return for…作為回報；in exchange for…交換。你愿意用我的舊電視機換這架照相機嗎？
8【解析】a面對嚴重的經濟形勢，世界各國應努力合作共同克服。situation形式，處境。
9【解析】d look看；面貌；view指從某處看到的景色；scenery指自然景色；sight指所看到的事物，景象。在春節期間，當煙火被點燃照亮整個夜空的時候真是一幅壯觀的景象。
10.【解析】b expense 意為“（時間、精力、金錢等的）消耗,花銷,費用”。很多雇員收入下降不夠維持生活的費用”。故選b項。bill 意為“賬單，清單”。price 意為“價格,價錢，市價，代價，價值”。charge 意為“費用，捐稅，代價，記賬”，作“費用”解時指賣方開出的價錢。
11【解析】a atmosphere氛圍，d意為現象。我們突然感覺到氣氛變得緊張了。
12【解析】b measure 措施； attempt試圖，嘗試；purpose目的； desire渴望，欲望。在中國三名宇航員成功遨游太空后，中國正盼望著登月的第一次嘗試.
13【解析】b此題考查考生對復數姓氏名詞的掌握能力。表示姓…的一家人，應用the +姓氏的復數形式。
14【解析】a offer: statement offering to do, or give sth to sb.（為某人做某事或給某人某事物的）建議，提議request: act of asking for sth. 要求；suggestion提議或建議的內容；plan計劃。本句句意為：我本不該接受那個人的禮物，但很難拒絕他的提議。故選a。
15.【解析】b 他不停送給她禮物，試圖獲得她的好感。favor: liking , goodwill , approval 喜愛，寵愛，好感，歡心。
【專題突破】
冠詞做題技巧點撥：注意固定短語中的冠詞；名詞的具體化；抽象名詞表示特指；在做題中要注意前后兩個空的彼此照應；可以依據意思和語境把握冠詞。
名詞做題技巧點撥：注意同義詞、近義詞意思的把握，要依據語意、詞義進行辨析。
1. recently cctv station has taken great pains to make a program that reviews the important_____0f .
a. affairs b. events c. matters d. things
2. there’s no ______from my bedroom window except for some factory chimneys.
a. view b. scene c. sight d. look
3. she is in a poor ______of health, which worries her mother much.
a. position b. situation c. state d. condition
4. the experiment turned out to be ________, which wasn’t ______ they wanted.
a. a completely failing; as b. a complete failure; what
c. completely failure; that d. failed; 不填
5. in the botanic garden we can find a（n）______of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.
a. species b. group c. amount d. variety
6. he was chosen _________ of the company.
a. manager b. a manager c. the manager d. as a manager
7. i looked under __________ bed and found __________ book i lost last week.
a. the; a b. the: the c. 不填; the d. the; 不填
8.—how about __________ christmas evening party?
—i should say it was __________ success.
a. a; a b. the; a c. a; 不填 d. the; 不填
9. polar bears live mostly on __________ sea ice, which they use as __________ platform for hunting seals.
a. a; a b. a; the c. 不填; a d. the; 不填
10. we have every reason to believe that __________ beijing olympic games will be __________ success.
a. 不填; a b. the; 不填 c. the; a d. a; a
11. many people have come to realize that they should go on __________ balanced diet and make __________ room in their day for exercise.
a. a; 不填 b. the; a c. the; the d. 不填; a
12.—could you tell me the way to __________ johnsons, please?
—sorry, we don’t have __________ johnson here in the village.
a. the; the b. the; a c. 不填; the d. the; 不填
13. __________ walk is expected to last all day, so bring __________ packed lunch.
a. a; a b. the; 不填 c. the; a d. a; 不填
14. in __________ film cast away. tom hanks plays __________ man named chuck noland.
a. a; the b. the; a c. the; the d. a; a
15. how about taking __________ short break? i want to make __________ call.
a. the; a b. a; the c. the; the d. a; a
16. i wanted to catch __________ early train, but couldn’t get __________ ride to the station.
a. an, the b. 不填, the c. an, 不填 d. the, a
17. i like __________ color of your skirt. it is __________ good match for your blouse.
a. a; the b. a; a c. the; a d. the; the
18.george couldn’t remember when he first met mr. anderson, but he was sure it was __________ sunday because everybody was at __________ church.
a. 不填; the b. the; 不填 c. a; 不填 d. 不填; a
19.— i knocked over my coffee cup. it went right over __________. — you shouldn’t put drinks near __________ computer.
a. the; 不填 b. the; a c. a; 不填 d. a; a
20. in __________ review off 44 studies, american researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of __________ heart disease by 76%. _______
a. a; the b. the; a c. a; 不填 d. 不填; a
21. of all __________ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father’s advice was __________ most important one.
a. the; a b. 不填; a c. 不填; the d. the; the
22. for him __________ stage is just __________ means of making a living.
a. a; a b. the; a c. the; the d. a; the
23. according to __________ world health organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent __________ spread of aids.
a. the; 不填 b. the; the c. a; a d. 不填; the
24. everywhere man has cut down __________ forests in order to grow crops, or to use __________ wood as fuel or as building material.
a. the; the b. the; 不填 c. 不填; the d. 不填; 不填
25. i know you don’t like __________ music very much. but what do you think of __________ music in the film we saw yesterday?
a. 不填;不填 b. the; the c. the; 不填 d. 不填; the
參考答案 1-5 bacbd 6-10 abbcc 11-15 abcbd 16-20. dccbc 21-25 dbbcd
2022高考二輪復習英語學案 篇7
（精品推薦）XX屆高考二輪復習英語學案--專題十二 主謂一致
【典例精析】
1.（山東卷35）the country life he was used to ______ greatly since 1992.
a. change b. has changed c. changing d. have changed
【解析】b 考查主謂一致。分析句式找準主語為life主語，he used to定語修飾life，按照時態since決定時態，用現在完成時,故答案為b.
2.（上海卷31） professor smith, along with his assistants,______ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
a. work b. working c. is working d. are working
【解析】c考查主謂一致。此處為語法一致，不要受along with his assistants的影響，故答案為c符合。
3.（遼寧卷21）nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside,_________ in the clothing industry.
a.is working b.works c.work d.worked
【解析】c考查主謂一致。分析句式找準主語為a large number of women，把握時態為一般現在時，故答案為c。
4. a poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.（XX年江蘇高考）
a. is b. are c. was d. were
【解析】a考查主謂一致。a poet and artist為一個人，時態為一般現在時，故答案為a
5.most of what has been said about the smiths also ____true of the johnsons.（XX年安徽高考）
a.are b.is c.being d.to be
【解析】b考查主謂一致。分析句式找準主語most of what-----指說的內容，為不可數故答案為b，構成系表結構。
6. the company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _______ used regularly. now we have 60 working all day long.（浙江）
a. is b. are c. was d. were
【解析】d考查主謂一致。主語為one-third，但省略了notebook computers，分數的主謂一致依據修飾的名詞的數，故答案為d。
7.（09四川）15.the teacher together with the students ________ discussing reading skills that ________ newly published in america.
a. are; were b. is; were c. are; was d. is; was
【解析】b 考查主謂一致。a together with b作主語時謂語動詞與a的單復數保持一致；第二空為定語從句that指代reading skills，由于reading skills是書名所以謂語動詞用單數。
8.（09湖南）4. either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
a. are b. is c. have d. be
【解析】b 主謂一致的用法。either …or…. 連接兩個主語，按就近原則來確定謂語的單復數。one of your students 謂語應用單數形式。
【專題突破】考生做主謂一致的試題時要熟練掌握三大原則的具體用法，學會分析句式，把握特殊用法，注意如下兩點：1. 主謂一致的考查主要體現在單項選擇和短文改錯兩個題型中。同學們在練習和應試時，遇到這樣的題時，要牢記主謂一致的三個基本原則。一定要根據句子內容抓住關鍵的主語部分，分析句式找準主謂，兼顧句子的時態和語態。
2. one of +復數名詞做定語從句的先行詞時，定語從句中的謂語動詞與復數名詞一致。 the only one of +復數名詞做定語從句的先行詞時，定語從句中的謂語動詞用單數形式。
1. —is there anybody in the classroom ?
—no, the teacher, together with the students _____ to the playground.
a. go b. went c. has gone d. have gone
2. —are these your sheep ?
—no. mine _____ on grass at the foot of the hill.
a. are feeding b. feed c. is fed d. is feeding
3. sitting at the back of the room but in front of some old men and women _____ a very shy girl with two bright eyes.
a. was b. are c. were d. there was
4. mr. bush, together with his wife and daughter _____ going to japan next week.
a. are b. is c. will be d. would be
5. not the teacher but the students _____ excited.
a. is b. has c. are d. have
6. as i have a meeting at four, ten minutes _____ all that i can spare to talk with you.
a. are b. was c. is d. were
7. _____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass.
a. two fifth; is b. two fifths; are c. two fifth; are d. two fifths; is
8.he is the only one of the students who_______a winner of scholarship for three years.
a. is b. are c. have been d. has been
9.professor smith, along with his assistants,____ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
a. work b. working c. is working d. are working
10.not only ______interested in football but ______beginning to show an interest in it.
a. the teacher himself is … all his students are
b. the teacher himself is …are all his students
c. is the teacher himself …are all his students
d. is the teacher himself …all his students are
11.---“each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons,_____ to go to university.”
----“so do i.”
a. hope b. hopes c. hoping d. hoped
12.e-mail, as well as telephone,______ an important part in daily communication.
a. is playing b. have played c. are playing d. hoped
13.books of this kind ______ well.
a. sell b. sells c. are sold d. is sold
14.every possible means ______ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
a. is used b. are used c. has been used d. have been used
15.when and where to go for the on-salary holiday ______ yet.
a. are not decided b. have not been decided
c. is not being decided d. has not been decided
16.the number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them _____ absent for different reasons.
a. were, was b. was, was c. was, were d. were, were
17.______ of the land in that district ______ covered with trees and grass.
a. two fifth…is b. two fifth…are c. two fifths…is d. two fifths…are
參考答案和解析：
1.【解析】 c 本題考查的主謂一致的內容與上一題相同，從句子的語境判斷，應當用現在完成時。
2.【解析】 a mine指my sheep 為復數形式。是主動語態。
3.【解析】 a 本句為倒裝句。主語是a very shy girl with two bright eyes.核心主語是a very shy girl，為單數，全句為過去時。
4.【解析】 b 全句的核心主語是mr. bush，為單數，全句為將來時。
5.【解析】 c 運用就近原則，謂語動詞和主語the students 一致，此處為主系表結構，用be動詞。
6.【解析】 c 主語ten minutes表示時間，被視為一個整體，為單數形式。全句是現在時。
7.【解析】 d 本句核心主語是land，為單數形式，同時注意分數的表達形式。
8.【解析】d這是一個定語從句。在one前是否有定冠詞決定定語從句中的謂語動詞的單復數形式：one of the students中的先行詞是the students，定語從句中的謂語動詞要用復數形式。the only one of the students中的先行詞是the only one，定語從句中的謂語動詞要用單數形式。又因“for three years”是完成時的標志。
9.【解析】c professor smith決定謂語動詞的數；his assistants和謂語動詞的數無關。
10.【解析】d not only …but (also )連結兩個句子，用部分倒裝。
11.【解析】b “each of +名詞復數”謂語用單數。
12.【解析】a本題考察主謂一致，當主語后面跟有as well as短語時，其后的謂語動詞不受as well as之后的名詞影響，仍然和主語在人稱和數上保持一致。
13.【解析】a “kind(s) of + 名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞的數依kind 單復數而定；“復數名詞 + of this/that kind ”作主語時，謂語動詞的數依of 前面的名詞而定。本題中sell 用作不及物動詞表示“銷售”。
14.【解析】c mean單數復數一個形式。在本題中代表單數。
15.【解析】d不定式作主語，謂語動詞用單數。
16.【解析】c “the number of” 表示“……的數量”，謂語用單數；“a number of”表示“許多”，謂語用復數。
17.【解析】c 考察數詞和主謂一致。分數詞在句中作主語時，謂語動詞必須跟分數詞所修飾的名詞保持數的一致。
【學法導航】在英語的句子中，謂語動詞的形式應該與主語的人稱和數保持一致，如何判定，則要看句子的意思。在多數情況下，根據句子的主語形式就能判定，但有的則要看整句的意思及強調的內容。具體來說，有就近原則；意義一致原則；整體原則；個體原則。掌握了這些原則，相信考生在今后的考試中就科以輕松地應對這一類型的考題。考生掌握了這四條原則后，再看到題目的話，相信很容易就可以明白試題的考試意圖，并得到正確的答案！在做題的過程中總結原則，并把原則運用到試題中去，是一種很有效的學習策略，當然在復習中應該在老師的指導下，抓住重點來攻克，總之要抓住重點記憶，做題弄清主謂，把握時態語態即可：
（一）、復習時需重點注意的要點
1.集體名詞看作整體時，謂語動詞用單數，看作各個成員時，謂語用復數。如：
his family isn’t large.
his family are all fond of music.
2.些名詞如news, maths, physics等雖然有詞尾“s”但意義上是單數，謂語動詞要用單數。如：the news is wonderful.
physics is an interesting subject.
3.由數詞+表示重量、里程、時間、金錢等名詞所構成的復數名詞主語，是當作一個整體看待的，后面用單數動詞。如：
five minutes is too short.
ten dollars is enough.
4.主語后面跟有介詞with或together with 引導的短語時，謂語動詞一般與前面的主語的人稱和數一致。如：
the teacher together with ten students is doing an experiment in the lab.
5.主語當and連接的兩個名詞指同一人、同一事或同一概念時，and后面那個名詞前沒有冠詞，謂語動詞用單數。如：
the teacher and writer is respected by all the people around.
形容詞＋and＋形容詞＋名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復數。如：
social and political freedom are limited there
用and連接的單數名詞，前面有each, every, many a, no修飾語時，謂語要用單數。如： every man，woman, and child is entitled to take part in the activity.
each pen and each paper is found in its place.
6.“one or two＋名詞復數”,“one or more＋名詞復數”作主語，謂語動詞用復數。”“one/a＋單數名詞or two”作主語，謂語動詞可用單數也可用復數。如：
one or two books are needed.
one book or two is /are needed.
7.不定式短語、動名詞或從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數。如：
reading in the morning is good for learning english
但是，當and連接上述兩個相同的結構時，謂語動詞用復數。如：
reading books and playing table tennis are my great pleasure.
【專題綜合】
1. but i know the government ________ his invention.
a. think highly b. speak high of c. sing highly d. thinks highly of
2. she is the only one among the ________ writers who ________ stories for children.
a. woman…writes b. women…writes c. women…write d. woman…write
3. the professor, together with his son, _________ lanzhou _________ beijing.
a. have left …for b. has left…for c. have left …to d. has left …to.
4. nobody but sam and john __________ in the laboratory.
a. are b. had been c. were d. is
5. my family _________ having supper when suddenly the bell rang.
a. is b. was c. are d. were.
6. the singer and dancer _________ come to our school.
a. have b. has c. were d. was.
7. a number of children _________ for the teacher to come now.
a. is waiting b. are waiting c. waits d. waited
8. the wounded __________ to the hospital at once.
a. were sent b. were send c. is sent d. was send
9. more than one person ________ late for class this morning.
a. are b. was c. is d. were
10. the cattle _______ grazing on the grass.
a. were b. was c. be d. is
11. the students each _____ a dictionary now.
a. has b. have c. has got d. had got
12. many a child _____ lost their parents.
a. has b. have c. is d. are
13. steam and ice _____ different forms of water.
a. is b. are c. was d. were
14. every desk and every chair _____ made of wood.
a. is b. are c. was d. were
15. _____ not only you but also he going to beijing?
a. are b. is c. were d. was
16. the manager or his secretary _____ to give you an interview.
a. is b. are c. were d. have
17. mary is one of the girls who _____ often late for school.
a. is b. are c. comes d. get
18. mary is the only one of the girls who _____ often late for school.
a. is b. are c. comes d. get
19. the united nations _____ an organization of independent countries.
a. is b. are c. was d. were
20. every means _____ been tried.
a. have b. has c. is d. were
參考答案： 1-20: dbbdd bbaba babaa abaab
2022高考二輪復習英語學案 篇8
XX高考二輪復習英語學案專題五 動詞和動詞短語
【典例精析】1.（XX年全國卷i， 23）the performance ______ nearly three hours, but few people left the theatre early.
a. covered b. reached c. played d. lasted
【解析】a 句意：這次演出持續了近三個小時，但是很少有人提前離開劇院。last持續，繼續；cover 覆蓋，包括，涉及，足以支付；reach 到達，夠得著；play 扮演，玩。
2.（XX年安徽卷，28）-----are you happy with your new computer?
----- no, it is _______ me a lot of trouble.
a. showing b. leaving c. giving d. sparing
【解析】c句意：---你對你的新的計算機滿意嗎？---不，它給我帶來許多麻煩。四個選項中的動詞都可以接雙賓語，但意義不同。show sb sth.給某人看某物，出示某物給某人看；leave sb sth.給某人留下某物；give sb sth.給某人某物；spare sb sth.為某人抽出……,有對話情景判斷應用動詞give.
3.（XX年江蘇卷，31）—i’m still working on my project.
—oh, you’ll miss the deadline. time is ______.
a. running out b. going out c. giving out d. losing out
【解析】a句意：---我仍然在做這個項目。---啊！你肯定不能如期完成了。因為快沒時間了。當表示時間用完、耗盡的時候多用run out。 give out 分發，精疲力竭。
4.（XX年山東卷，28）the fact that she never apologized ______ a lot about what kind of person she is.
a. says b. talks c. appears d. declares
【解析】a 句意：她從來不道歉這個事實說明了她是怎樣一個人。say 的意思是“說明，表明”，say a lot about 也是一個短語，意思是“說明什么”，符合題意；talk 的意思是“說話，談話”，不符合句子內容；appear 的意思是“看起來”，不合句意；declare的意思是“宣告，聲稱”，詞義太大，明顯不符合句子內容。
5.（XX年江西卷，25） i _____ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products.
a. make b. look c. take d. think
【解析】c句意：應當給予原材料供應商公平的價格，我把這一點作為公司的基本原則。句中that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products 是句子的真正賓語，it是形式賓語，as a basic principle of the company為補語。take…as 把….看作，符合句意。make, look 和think 與as 搭配無此含義。
6.（XX年遼寧卷，25）you have to be a fairly good speaker to ______ listeners’ interest for over an hour.
a. hold b. make c. improve d. receive
【解析】a句意：你是一個相當好的演說家，能抓住聽眾的興趣達1個多小時。hold one’s interest固定搭配，譯為：吸引某人的興趣。
7.（XX年浙江卷，14.）american indian ______ about five percent of the u.s. population.
a. fill up b. bring up c. make up d. set up
【解析】c句意：美國印第安人大約占美國人口總數的5％.fill up裝滿，填滿；bring up教育，培養，提出； make up占（比例，成分等）；編造，虛構，化妝，補足；set up豎立起來，建立，成立。
8.（XX年湖北卷，27） the present situation is very complex, so i think it will take me some time to ______ its reality.
a. make up b. figure out c. look through d. put off
【解析】b句意：現在的情況非常復雜，因此我想過些時間我才能夠弄清楚它的實際情況。make up編造；figure out 弄清楚，弄明白；look through瀏覽，快速查看；put off推遲。由句意可知b項正確。
9.（XX年天津卷，13） her shoes ______ her dress; they look very well together.
a. suit b. fit c. compare d. match
【解析】d句意：她的鞋和帽子很匹配，搭配的很好。本體考察近義詞辨析，suit是只顏色，花樣或款式等搭配；fit是大小、尺寸等正合適；compare比較；match 指兩個東西相稱、匹配。
10.（09海南）6. edward, you play so well. but i___you played the piano.
a. didn’t know b. hadn’t known c. don’t know d. haven’t known
【解析】a。 句意為：愛德華,你打得好。但我不知道你彈鋼琴。所談論的是指過去行為，故用過去式。
11.（09福建）11. we are at your service. don’t_____to turn to us if you have any further problems.
a. beg b. hesitate c. desire d. seek
【解析】b 動詞詞義辨析。beg：乞求，乞討，懇求；hesitate：猶豫，躊躇；desire：欲望；愿望；seek：試圖，要求。題干意思是：我們為你服務。當你有任何問題時，請毫不猶豫的向我們求助。
12.（09湖北）14. the loss has not yet been ______ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.
a. calculated b. considered c. completed d. controlled
【解析】a. 根據句意可知此處表示“損失（數據）還沒統計……”，應選擇calculated。considered“考慮”，completed“完成”，controlled“控制”均不符合上下文。
13.（09湖北）15. some parents are just too protective. they want to ______ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
a. spot b. dismiss c. shelter d. distinguish
【解析】c 根據上句some parents are just too protective. 可知下文要說父母們想庇蔭孩子們不受到任何傷害。shelter做動詞可表示“保護；庇護”。spot“弄臟，認出，發現，定位”，dismiss“開除，使解散”，distinguish“區別”。
14.（09海南）42. encourage your children to try new things, but try not to___them too hard.
a. draw b. strike c. rush d. push
【解析】d。 句意為：鼓勵你的孩子去嘗試新事物,但不要把它們太難了。push 推，擠，逼迫；strike v. 打,罷工,劃燃rush v. 沖進,匆促行事,催draw v. 拉,拖,挨近,提取,畫,繪制。根據句意，應選d。
15.（09湖北）13. during the war there was a serious lack of food. it was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to ______ bread for days.
a. eat up b. give away c. do without d. deal with
【解析】c 動詞短語。根據上句during the war there was a serious lack of food可推測出“即或是富裕家庭也得幾天吃不上面包”，應選擇do without表示“不用/吃……勉強度過”。eat up“吃完”，give away“收拾”，deal with“應付，處理”。
16.（09江西）16. it is reported that the police will soon ____ the case of two missing children.
a. look upon b. look after c. look into d. look out
【解析】c 本題考查動詞短語。根據題意可知應選look into “調查”。
17.（09海南）17. i tried phoning her office, but i couldn’t__________.
a. get along b. get on c. get to d. get through
【解析】d。 短語動詞，考查考生對詞義的判斷能力。句意為：我試著給她辦公室打電話，但沒有打通。get along 進展，相處。get on 上車；get to到達；get through通過。依據句意，選d。
【專題突破】動詞和動詞短語做題技巧點撥：考生在做動詞和動詞短語的試題時首先應該清楚所用動詞和短語的意思，然后再依據語境、語義、詞的搭配排除；也可以從詞的搭配著手，有時只從句子的內容來看，幾個選項似乎都合適，但只要從詞的搭配上一看便知道答案；很多動詞與介詞或副詞連在一起構成固定的搭配從而形成動詞短語或短語動詞，不能隨意更改，要正確把握它們的意思這樣就可以突破。
1.—how lovely these children are!
—yeah.they______ memories of my childhood.
a. called out b. called for c. called up d. called on
2. many kids ________ the net bar, and _____had a bad effect on their studies.
a. are addicted to; it b. get engaged in; which
c. are related to; what d. are addicted to; which
3.after studying in a medical college for five years, jane____her job as a doctor
in the countryside.
a.set out b.took over c.took up d.set up
4. though we _________serious natural disasters, we are sure to overcome all difficulties.
a. give away b. affect with c. suffer from d. deal with
5. the shop assistant was fired as she was _________ of cheating customers.
a.accused b.charged c.blamed d.caught
6. asked suddenly about the matter ,he couldn’t_____an answer at once.
a. come up with b. look for c. put up with d. answer for
7.my daughter is not sure what to_______ at the university; she can’t make up her
mind about her future.
a. take up b. make up c. pick up d. build up
8. his colleagues ______ him though he himself didn’t think he had done anything special.
a. thought highly of b. looked up to
c. sing high praise of d. show great respect for
9. hard work and lack of sleep have _____ her beauty and youth in recent years.
a. worn out b.tried out c made out d.sent out
10. it’s obvious that the beijing olympic games a great seccess.
a.kept b.showed c proved d.remained
參考答案及解析
1.【解析】c call out“出動, 向…叫喊”， call for “需要，要求”， call up“召集, 使想起, 提出, 打電話給”， call on“號召, 呼吁, 約請, 訪問”。此句意思是“他們引起了我對童年的回憶。”因此選c。
2.【解析】a be addicted to 意思是“對…上癮”，符合題意。and 是一個并列連詞，后面應該是并列句，而不是從句，因此排除b和d。be related to“與…有關”，不符合題意，因此排除。
3.【解析】c set out“出發, 開始” take over“接收, 接管”take up“從事” set up“設立”根據題意，應選c。
4.【解析】c give away“分發, 放棄, 泄露”， affect“影響”及物動詞， suffer from“遭受” ，deal with“處理”。從“ we are sure to overcome all difficulties.”這句話可以推斷出前半句的意思應該是“盡管我們遭受著嚴重的自然災害”，因此應選c。
5.【解析】a be accused of “被控告” accused與of 搭配，符合題意。 be charged with“被控告”charge 和with 搭配。 blame “責備”。
6.【解析】a come up with“得出答案” look for“尋找” put up with“提出” answer for“負責”根據題意，應該選a.
7.【解析】a 句意：我的女兒在大學里不知道學什么，對自己的未來他心里還沒有底。take
up開始學；開始從事。make up組成，構成；編造；pick up拾起；學到；獲得；build up逐步建立；增強。
8.【解析】a think highly of 固定搭配，譯為“對…評價高”符合題意。show great respect 后應用介詞to, c 說法錯誤，look up to 向上看，不合題意。
9.【解析】a worn out耗盡，筋疲力盡； tried out試驗, 考驗, 提煉；make out書寫, 填寫, 拼湊, 進展, 說明, 設法應付, 理解, 辨認出; sent out發出。
10.【解析】c show sb sth 出示某物給某人看；keep保持；prove證明是；符合題意，remain仍然。
【學法導航】動詞是高考的一個重點，除了時態和語態外，動詞（尤其是常用動詞）和動詞詞組也是高考必考考點，因此大家平時應十分關注動詞和動詞詞組。同時動詞和動詞短語是英語教學的重點，也是學生學習的難點、易混點，尤其是歷年來高考考題的必考點。學生在該題上往往失分，其原因為易混詞區分，短語記憶不牢，熟詞生義沒有掌握，熟悉短語生僻意思沒有掌握，由相同的副詞和介詞組成的短語辨別不開等造成的，為此我建議同學們在復習中要注意：1、記熟常用、高頻動詞和動詞短語意思；2、弄清相近動詞和短語意思辨析；3、掌握動詞后面相同的副詞和介詞構成的短語辨析；4.做題要語境、語義、詞義結合。
【專題綜合】
1. the teacher has a peculiar way of ______her student’s nervousness when then speak english.
a. breaking down b. going over c. taking off d. giving away
2. in the cross-lake swimming race, a boat will be ____in case of an emergency.
a. standing by b. turning on c. getting on d. running on
3. you _____only half the price ,how would the seller sell the jacket to you ?
a. spent b. paid c. charged d. offered
4. he _____the problem _____in his mind for a whole week before he did anything about it.
a. switched; on b. kicked; up c. turned; over d. took; on
5. at times the balance in nature is ______ , resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.
a. troubled b. confused c. disturbed d. puzzled
6. — so, how is your new roommate ?
— she really ____. she always making loud noises at midnight and when i remind her , she always makes rude remarks.
a. turns me over b. turns me down c. turns me off d. turns me out
7. people have planted a great many trees in order to ____wind and sand in the desert.
a. hold down b. hold up c. hold back d. hold out
8. — would you like to go to paris with us next year ?
— i’d like to, but my mother ______ that i am too young.
a. is against b. opposes c. objects d. explains
9. there’s no bear left and the pubs are shut so you’ll have to _______.
a. go out b. go off c. go without d. go through
10. the film “world without thieves” ______ a great success and brought in a large profit to the cinema.
a. appreciated b. enjoyed c. won d. seized
11. dressed untidily and speaking in a strange way, father must have ______ to the people present to be a silly old man.
a. appeared b. pretended c. shown d. thought
12. thomas alva edison didn’t “invent” the light bulb, but rather he ______ a 50 –year –old idea, which is not well –known.
a. improved upon b. take down c. put up d. break away
13. you’d better ______ some hot water into the bottle in case the teacools down.
a. add b. fill c. fill in d. put
14. after retirement, mr. smith ______ painting, which he had always loved but had not had time for.
a. took up b. got up c. help up d. looked up
15. she tried hard to keep calm in face of the students, but the sweat on her forehead _____ her ____.
a. gave; away b. tuned; down c. showed; out d. shut; off
參考答案及解析
1.【解析】a 句意：這位老師有一種疏導學生在說英語時產生的緊張情緒的獨特方法。 break down :to separate something such as an idea or statement into smaller parts in order to make it easier to understand or deal with .go over 復習； take off脫下，起飛；give away分發，贈給，泄露（秘密）。
2.【解析】a 句意：有船只嚴陣以待，預防緊急情況。stand by 為不及物短語：to wait and be ready for action if needed 準備行動；待機；turn on 打開；get on進展；run down撞倒。根據句意，b 、c、d 三項均不符合。
3.【解析】d句意：你僅出半價，店員怎么會把這件夾克賣給你呢？offer: to say that you will pay a particular amount of money to buy something 出價六萬英鎊買這所房子。 charge(收費)不符合題意。撫講價（offer）而后才能藥費（spend）或支付（pay）幫a、b兩項不合常理。
4.【解析】c句意：在采取措施之前，他在腦中將這個問題反復思考了一個星期。turn over :to think about carefully仔細考慮；switch on把開關打開；kick up引起；take on呈現、雇用、承擔。
5.【解析】c trouble主要指遇上難解決的問題而使人苦惱、憂慮；puzzled 指人是困惑的，因此將a、d兩項排除；根據句意，自然的平衡本身并不是混亂的（confused）,而不受到了人為的干擾（disturbed）,才會導致不可預見的影響。因此選擇c項。
6.【解析】c turn sb.over :把……移交，把……交給；turn sb. down:拒絕；turn sb.off :使對（某人）感到厭煩、使不感興趣；turn sb.out:驅逐，趕走。根據句意“她總是在午夜弄出很大的響聲，我提醒她時，她還總是說些粗魯的話”，由此可知她是使我煩透了，選擇c項。
7.【解析】c hold down壓制，限制；hold up推遲，耽擱；hold back阻擋，抑制；hold out提供，提出。句意：人們種了大量的樹，為了陰擋風和沙塵。由此可知答案為c項。
8【解析】c前三項意思相同，都可以表示“反對（做）、某事”：be against(doing)sth.:oppose(doing) sth.; object to(doing) sth.。但是objiet還可接賓語從句，這時它為及物動詞，意思為“提出異議”。前一句邀請對方一起去paris，答話人說他很愿意去，但是媽媽提出異議說他年齡太小。d項explain雖然也可執著that 從句，但是它的含義為“解釋”不能明確地說明媽媽的態度是贊成還是反對。
9.【解析】c go out外出，熄滅；go off爆炸，中斷；go through通過，完成，經歷；go without忍受某事物的缺乏。句意：啤酒賣完了，酒吧也都關門了，所以你只好將就一下了。
10.【解析】b易誤選c，win 指贏得了比賽、獎勵、勝利等，不可以與a great success 連用。enjoy享有，如：he enjoys a reputation for honesty. 本題中的enjoy a great success 意為 win large sales。句意：《天下無賊》一舉成功，同時也給電影院帶來了巨大的盈利。
11.【解析】a 句意：父親衣冠不整，談吐怪異，在在場者眼中，父親想必顯得是一個傻老人的形象。解題的關鍵在于是否能將to the people present(present“在場的”，作后置定語修飾the people)準確地分離出來。
12.【解析】a句意：鮮為人知是的，愛迪生并沒有發明燈炮，而是在其50年前的發明上改進了電燈泡（把燈絲壽命延長到13.5小時）。improve on/upon超過，改進；take down把……拆卸開；put up張貼，搭建；break away擺脫。
13.【解析】d句意：你最好往瓶子里倒些熱水，以免茶變涼。比較下列句子：you’d better put some hot water into the bottle. you’d better add some hot water to the cold water .you’d better fill the bottle with some hot water.
14.【解析】a句意：退休后，史密斯先生開始繪畫了，這是他從前喜愛，卻又沒有時間做的事情。take up: begin to spend time doing開始花時間從事（某項活動）；get up起床，起立;hold up推遲；look up查找、改善。
15.【解析】a 句意：她努力地試圖在學生面前保持鎮定，但是她前額的汗水使她露了馬腳。give away: reveal露出了馬腳；turn sb .down 拒絕；show sb.out帶某人出去；shut sb.off使隔絕。
2022高考二輪復習英語學案 篇9
（精品推薦）XX屆高考二輪復習英語學案--專題十 定語從句
【典例精析】
1.（09天津）a person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.
a. who b. whom c. whose d. whoever
【解析】c 考查定語從句的用法。分析先行詞和定語從句的關系發現先行詞在定語從句中作定語，故選c符合。
2.（09天津）i travel to the binhai new area by light railway every day, _____ do many businessmen who live in downtown tianjin.
a. as b. which c. when d. though
【解析】a 考查as連接的倒裝句式。按照句意此處as有正如，正像的意思，故as符合。
3.（09陜西）gun control is a subject americans have argued for a long time.
a. of which b. with which c. about which d. into which
【解析】c 考查定語從句，先行詞是gun control，指物，關系詞在從句中做介詞的賓語，介詞前置，介詞與從句動詞構成搭配argue about sth，選c。
4.（09四川）she’ll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
a. that b. which c. where d. when
【解析】d 考查定語從句的用法。her stay為先行詞，可以理解為抽象的一段時間（她呆在那里期間），when指代her stay在定語從句中做時間狀語。
5.（09浙江）i have reached a point in my life ______ i am supposed to make decisions of my own.
a. which b. where c. how d. why
【解析】b 考查定語從句關系副詞的選擇。分析句式in my life為插入成分；point為先行詞，在定語從句中先行詞做地點狀語，意思為“我應該做出我自己決定的地方（某一點）”
6.（09北京）—what do you think of teacher ,bob？
—i find it fun and challenging. it is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting.
a. where b. which c. when d. that
【解析】a 考查定語從句用法。分析定語從句主謂賓完整，說明應該填關系副詞，先行詞為a job，定語從句的意思是在這個工作中……，所以答案用where引導的定語從句。
7.（09福建）it’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.
a. that b. when c. which d. where
【解析】d 考查定語從句。先行詞是situation，指物，亦可指地點，關系詞在從句中做地點狀語，用關系副詞where，選d。
8.（09安徽）a good friend of mine from i was born showed up at my home right before i left for beijing.
a. how b. whom c. when d. which
【解析】c 考查定語從句用法。本題對學生來說較難,不容易看的懂.本句意為“就在我準備去北京前,我兒時的一位好朋友到我家里來了.”
9.（09安徽）many children， parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.
a. their b. whose c. of them d. with whom
【解析】b 本題考察定語從句的用法,屬于較容易題.明顯表達為”他們的父母”
10.（09湖南）i was born in new orleans, louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
a. which b. of which c. that d. whose
【解析】d 考查定語從句。先行詞在定語從句中充當定語，意思為這個城市的名字。
11.（09全國2 ）my friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him.
a. which b. that c. where d. it
【解析】a 考查非限制性定語從句(這兒的which指代前面整句話內容。
12.（09江西）6. the house i grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
a. in it b. in c. in that d. in which
【解析】b 考查定語從句。the house ( which / that i grew up in ) , 主語后面緊跟的是定語從句。
13.（09海南）7. she brought with her three friends, none of i had ever met before.
a. them b. who c. whom d. these
【解析】c。 考查定語從句中的非限制性定語從句。句意為：她帶著她的三個朋友，他們三個中沒有一個人我曾見過。表示“部分的詞語+of+關系代詞” 在非限制性定語從句指人只能用whom。
14.（09山東）8. whenever i met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
a. who b. which c. when d. that
【解析】b非限制性定語從句，指代前面一個句子，故用which.
【專題突破】總體做題采用還原法：即把先行詞還原到定語從句里邊，看一下做什么成分、指人、物；做主語、賓語還是狀語等即可突破，具體說：
1. 根據句子結構劃出定語從句（劃完后必須是兩個獨立的句子）。
2. 根據先行詞的特點、功能進一步選擇。
⑴如果先行詞在定語從句中主、賓語，則選關系代詞。
⑵如果先行詞在定語從句中做狀語，則用關系副詞。
3. 根據先行詞的具體用法進一步選擇。
1.the english play __________ my students acted at the new year’s party was a great success.
a. for which b. at which c. in which d. on which
2. helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, __________, of course, made the others envy him.
a. who b. that c. what d. which
3. if a shop has chairs __________ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.
a. that b. which c. when d. where
4.women _______ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ________ don’t.
a. who ; 不填 b. 不填 ; who c. who ; who d. 不填; 不填
5.the beatles, ________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from liverpool.
a. what b. that c. how d. as
6. some pre-school children go to a day care center,____ they learn simple games and songs.
a. then b. there c. while d. where
7. the book was written in 1946, ____ the education system has witnessed great charges.
a.when b.during which c.since then d.since when
8. the science museum, ________ we visited during a recent trip to britain, is one of london’s tourist attractions.
a. which b. what c. that d. where
9. yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago.
a. when b. where c. that d. which
10. by nine o’clock, all the olympic torch bearers had reached the top of mount qomolangma, _______appeared a rare rainbow soon.
a. of which b. on which c. from which d. above which
參考答案和詳解：
1.【解析】c根據句子意思需選擇介詞in，從而構成act in the play。關系代詞在此是指english play，指物，因此選擇in which。注意：如果定語從句謂語動詞為介詞動詞也就是由動詞+介詞構成的短語，那么介詞必須后置，不能與動詞拆開置于關系代詞前面。
2.【解析】d這是一句非限制性定語從句，關系代詞指代整個句子helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others，且從句中行為動詞made是主動語態，因此選擇which。
3.【解析】d此題答案是。這里的關系副詞指代on chairs，指地點，因此選擇where。不要誤以為chair在句中是做主語或者賓語，在做此類題時一定要結合定語從句要表達的意思，做到“瞻前顧后”。
4.【解析】c審明句意：每天和多于兩杯咖啡的女性比那些沒有改習慣的女性得心臟病的可能性要大得多。 在本題中的who都是引導定語從句，指代人，在定語從句中做主語，所以都不能省略。
5.【解析】d本題考查在實際語境中對于非限制性定語從句的應用能力。as引導定語從句，在從句中做remember的賓語，指代的是the beatles“披頭士樂隊”。what引導名詞性從句，在句中做主語賓語或表語，that引導限制性定語從句， how引導名詞性從句。
6.【解析】d本題中用where引導定語從句，先行詞是a day care center，where在定語從句中做地點狀語。注意then和there是副詞，不能引導定語從句。while雖然是連詞，但是只能用來連接狀語從句。
7.【解析】d在本題中用since when引導定語從句。因為句中的謂語has witnessed是現在完成時,所以要用since when。when指代上文中的in 1946,表示“這本書是1946年寫的,從那以后,教育體制發生了巨大變化”。
8.【解析】a本題考查的重點是非限制性定語從句。非限制性定語從句的先行詞指物時，應用which而不用that，the science museum 雖然是一個地點名詞，但是在本句中的定語從句里做的是賓語而不是地點狀語所以不能用where,尤其注意visit是一個及物動詞。
9.【解析】d本題考查的是非限制性定語從句。題中空格前面主句中的先行詞是car，空格后面定語從句的謂語動詞bought后面缺一個賓語，只能選用關系代詞。a項when和 b項where都是關系副詞，可以予以排除，c項that不能用于非限制性定語從句中。故選d。
10.【解析】d考查非限制性定語從句的介詞＋which的用法，原句可還原成…a rare rainbow appeared above …。根據選項我們已經知道了考查的大方向，就是需要我們找到合適的介詞搭配。
【學法導航】根據考綱要求，考生在復習備考時要弄清定語從句的先行詞與關系詞的關系；關系代詞、關系副詞的選擇和運用；限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的用法以及強調句式和同位語從句和定語從句的區別。把握命題規律，一般定語從句的命題熱點內容如下：
1.that與which的選用；that與where/when的選用；
2.“介詞+which/whom”結構中介詞的選用；
3.“介詞+which”與when/where間的區別與聯系；
4.which與as引導非限制性定語從句的區別；
5.“不定代詞/數詞+of which/whom”與“不定代詞/數詞+of them” 的選用；
6.定語從句中的主謂一致現象。 1定語從句可以說是各地高考必然首先考慮的重要考點，在題目設計的過程中，勢必會以“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句為熱點，以非限制性定語從句為重點，以關系副詞where引導的定語從句為難點。
7.在疑問句中或倒裝句中考查定語從句
8. 通過拆分詞組和固定搭配或者添加插入語或狀語來考查定語從句
做到了以上幾點就能輕松拿到定語從句的分數。
【專題綜合】1.the town _______ we visited last month is the one _______ the famous painter was born.
a.where; which b.which; where c.which; that d.where; where
2.we went to mountain tai last weekend, ________, not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors.
a. that b. which c. where d. when
3.we hope that the measures to control the stock market, ____ are taken by the government, will work.
a. that b. where c. which d. what
4.many factors influence a student in his/her study, ____ i think are out of a teacher’s control.
a. most of them b. most of which c. most of what d. most of that
5.— obama won the election. it’s amazing!
— yes. but the result was within ______ we had expected, ______ brought great joy to many young people and the black.
a. that; which b. that; that c. what; what d. what; which
6.he’s got himself into a dangerous situation _________ he is likely to lose control over the plane.
a. where b. which c. while d. why
7.it was in the factory _______ his friend worked _______ he picked up a lot of experience.
a. where, where b. that, where c. that, that d. where, that
8.today the public is much concerned about the way _______ .
a.nature is being ruined b.which nature is ruined
c.on which to ruin nature d.of nature to be ruined
9.young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can’t be the only preparation for all of the situations ________ appear in the working world.
a. where b. when c. that d. what
10.is it the years _______ you worked in africa as a doctor _______ have a great effect on your literary works?
a. that; where b. that; that c. when; where d. when; that
11. was it in the waiting room ______ only allows mothers-to-be to enter that you lost your wallet?
a. / b. where c. that d. when
12 obama, _______ life was once hard when he was young, were elected president of american.
a. for whom b. who c. to whom d. /
13 _______ has been announced, our government will take more measures to make the falling economics recover as soon as possible.
a that b as c it d what
14. lee yu chun was titled as the top thin beauty in ansia , _______ caused a lot of disagreements in the field of entertainment.
a. that b. which c as d it
15 there were so many attractions in disney park. after lunch we came to a place, _______ stood a big tower.
a. which b. that c. / d. where
16. a political advisor suggested giving out red pockets to the whole nation directly to encourage economics，_____i believe is of great value.
a that b. / c. which d. why
17 is this the website_______ you want to have ____ into your files to help you learn english?
a. who; to add b. that; add c. whom; adding d. that; added
18.we have heard of many cases _______ some citizens ，especially some famous people， have suffered because personal information had been leaked.
a. why b. which c. as d. where
19. tony showed me his new cell phone, _______ was small but it could change colors in different weather.
a. the screen of whom b. whom the screen of c. which the screen of d. the screen of which
20.i will never forget the day _______ i came to my university and the day ______ i spent in a new city.
a. when; which b. which; when c. what; that d. on which; when
參考答案和解析：
1.【解析】b注意在第一個空后面的定語從句里的visit是一個及物動詞，所以the town在定語從句里做的是visit的賓語，所以第一個空我們可以用that, which或者省略。第二個空的先行詞the one指代的還是the town,但是此時the town在定語從句里做的是地點狀語，所以要用where來引導定語從句。
2.【解析】b這里從總的方面來看考查的非限制性定語從句，我們找到定語從句的先行詞，根據空格后面的was crowded with visitors我們可以判斷這個定語從句的先行詞應該是在山上人有很多而不是指時間，所以不能用when。
3.【解析】c本題考查的非限制性定語從句，句子的主干表達的意思是我們希望控制證券市場的措施會生效。那么… are taken by the government就是個定語從句來解釋stock market，證券市場在非限制性定語從句中做的是主語，所以不能用where來引導從句。
4.【解析】b這個句子尤其要注意區分a和b選項的不同，只要我們注意了標點符號就知道這并不是個并列句，所以不能選a。因為是逗號，說明后面是個非限制性定語從句，這里考查的是介詞＋which的用法，原句可還原成…most of the factors …。
5.【解析】d第一個空考查的是what引導的名詞性從句在句子里做的是within這個介詞的賓語，第二個空是由which引導的非限制性定語從句，這里的which指代的是奧巴馬當選總統這件事。
6.【解析】a句意“他使得自己處于非常危險的境況中，（在這個境況中）他可能失去對飛機的控制”，所選擇的關聯詞應該在定語從句中作地點狀語，表示in the situation。注意：where這個詞不僅僅可以表地點，某人/物的情況、某事發展的階段、某事的某個方面都可以用where這個關系副詞來表達。
7.【解析】d本題是把定語從句放到了強調結構里來考查，第一個空是由where引導的定語從句解釋說明the factory，在定語從句里做的是地點狀語。第二個空是it was ….that…強調結構。
8.【解析】a這里考查定語從句里的特殊情況就是當先行詞是the way的時候，關系代詞可以是that, in which或者省略。a選項就是符合第三種情況。
9.【解析】c注意在本句里的situation是先行詞，在空格后的定語從句里缺少的是主語，而且指的是物，所以該空我們可以用which或者that，但是不管用什么都不能省略。
10.【解析】d該題既做到了把定語從句放到疑問句中，又做到了把定語從句放到強調結構里進行考查。第一個空是個定語從句，先行詞是the year，when在定語從句里是時間狀語；第二個空是it is …that…強調結構。
11.【解析】c在考查定語從句的時候利用疑問句的特殊結構來干擾學生的正確選擇比較常見。遇到這類定語從句時，最好的辦法是先把疑問句還原成陳述句，然后判斷誰是先行詞，再看關系詞在定語從句中所充當的成分，最后確定正確答案。在這個定語從句中的先行詞是room, that在定語從句里做主語。
12.【解析】a這是一個非限制性定語從句，還考查到了“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句。根據句子意思需選擇介詞for, 從而構成be hard for obama. for的賓語是指人，這時就只能用whom。
13.【解析】b這是一句非限制性定語從句，關系代詞指代整個句子we shall have our final exams next month，且位于句首，因此選擇as。在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但注意as 引導的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。
14.【解析】b在引導非限制性定語從句時，as和which都可以用來指代前面整句所表達的內容。 as在從句中作主語時，后面常接動詞的被動語態；如果從句中的行為動詞是主動語態，一般用which做主語，所以正確選項應為b。
15.【解析】d在本句中為了保持句子平衡，句子用了倒裝語序。倒裝的使用使定語從句的結構變得較為特殊，對于這種情況，應先把倒裝語序還原成正常語序，這樣句子結構就比較清晰了。這里是非限制性定語從句解釋前面的the place.
16.【解析】c在考查定語從句時會利用插入語或狀語的添加來增加試題的難度。常見的插入語有：i think （suppose, expect, believe, imagine）, in my opinion, to tell you the truth等。做這類題目時我們可以先刪去插入語或狀語，找出句子的主干。在該句中先行詞是discovery，which是在引導非限制性定語從句，在句子里做主語。
17.【解析】d非謂語動詞是英語中難度較大的語法項目之一，因而在定語從句中加入非謂語動詞會增加考查定語從句的難度。對這類題目最有效的辦法就是將句子還原。本句還原后應是：you want to have the website added into your files to help you learn english.先行詞是the website, 因為在定語從句里做賓語，所以可以用that, which或者省略，但是第二個空只能用added， 因為還考查到了have something done， 這里是網站被添加到收藏夾。
18.【解析】d定語從句的先行詞cases在此意為“實例，情況”，根據從句的意思“在這些例子中（情境中）……”，先行詞在從句中應該擔當狀語成分，表示in many cases，所以用where 來引導表示地點的定語從句。
19.【解析】d從四個選項的設置不難看出是考察介詞加關系代詞引導的非限制性定語從句。再從先行詞watch可看出是指物，可排除a和b。c項中關系代詞應放在介詞之后，如改為of which the screen或者whose screen也是可以的。
20.【解析】a在本句中兩個先行詞the day都是表示時間的名詞,但第一個空白處要填的關系詞在從句中作狀語,因此要用關系副詞when. 第二個空白處要填的關系詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語,因此要用關系代詞which或that來引導定語從句。
2022高考二輪復習英語學案 篇10
XX高考二輪復習英語學案專題七 情態動詞和虛擬語氣
【典例精析】
1.（ 全國卷ii， 8） _______ he had not hurt his leg, john would have won the race.
a. if b. since c. though d. when
【解析】a 有題干可知，“若不是他傷了腿，約翰就能贏得比賽了”，運用了虛擬語氣，故用if。
2.（山東卷, 24） thank you for all your hard work last week. i don’t think we ____ it without you.
a. can manage b. could have managed
c. could manage d. can have managed
【解析】 b 此題考查情態動詞表示虛擬意義的用法。i don’t think…是否定前移。意為：我認為沒有你我們本不能做成這件事的。此題關鍵是要根據句意知道是虛擬語氣，其基本形式是情態動詞（過去式）+have done,所以其他選項皆可排除。
【答案】b
3（09福建）. but for the help of my english teacher, i____the first prize in the english writing competition.
a. would not win b. would not have won c. would win d. would have won
【答案】b 虛擬語氣。此處虛擬語氣表示與過去事實相反，句子謂語動詞用would/should/could/might + have done結構，故選b。
4.（09湖南）— it’s the office! so you _____ know eating is not allowed here.
— oh, sorry.
a. must b. will c. may d. need
【解析】a 句意為：這是辦公室！因此你必須知道吃的不允許帶到這里。must表示“絕不”的意思。
5.（09海南）what do you mean, there are only ten tickets? there _____ be twelve
a. should b. would c. will d. shall
【答案】a。 你這是什么意思，只有十張票嗎?應該有十二人。should表示“應該，應當”。
6.（09上海）it_____ have been tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.
a. may b. can c. must d. should
【解析】c 考查情態動詞的基本用法。此處表示肯定性較強的猜測，故答案選c。
7.（09四川）—i don’t care what people think.
—well, you _______
a. could b. would c. should d. might
【解析】c考查情態動詞的用法。答話的人提了一個建議——你應該關注別人對你的評價的。should可以用來向別人提建議，所以答案為：c
8.（09天津）this printer is of good quality. if it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
a. would b. should c. could d. might
【解析】b 考查虛擬語氣中的情態動詞用法。表示對將來情況的虛擬假設，條件從句可以用should+v.原形；
9.（09重慶）—hi, tom. any idea where jane is?
—she_____in the classroom. i saw her there just now.
a. shall be b. should have been c. must be d. might have been
【答案】c 考查情態動詞表示猜測的用法。由后面的just now暗示現在一定在教室推知對現在情況的猜測，故答案為c.
10.（09全國2）i can’t leave. she told me that i______stay here until she comes back.
a. can b. must c. will d. may
【解析】b 考查情態動詞的基本用法。由前面的i can’t leave.推知我必須呆在這里，故答案為b。
11.（09江蘇）11. he did not regret saying what he did but felt that he____ it differently.
a. could express b. would express
c. could have expressed d. must have expressed
【解析】c 考查情態動詞的用法。由前面的后悔表示做過啦，故后面的意思為本能夠表達的不同，答案為c符合。
【專題突破】情態動詞和虛擬語氣密不可分，情態動詞表示推測的考查，虛擬語氣中對情態動詞的考查，這些都是需要注意的地方，要想突破，可以從語境、語義、說話者的語氣等方面著手，具體說：
1.根據時間確定時態、時間段
即要分清情態動詞表推測時涉及的是現在情況還是過去情況。原則上說，若對現在情況進行推測，情態動詞后接動詞原形或進行式；若對過去情況進行推測，則后接動詞的完成式(這通常是高考的重點)；若是對正在發生的情況進行推測，后接動詞的進行式；判斷出時間段套用現在、過去、將來虛擬語氣的句式。
2.充分利用句子語境、語義
綜觀歷年高考英語情態動詞和虛擬語氣的考查情況，有相當一部分考題從本質上看都是在考查情態動詞在具體語境、語義中的運用，即只要考生能弄清各個被考查情態動詞的意思，就可作出正確選擇。
3.注意分清適用句型
即要分清所考查的情態動詞是用于肯定句型，還是用于疑問句型或否定句型，同時還要注意情態動詞在某些特殊情況下所使用的特殊句型。
4.弄清說話者的語義、語氣推斷屬于哪個時間段的情況，正確把握隱含、混合等虛擬語氣。
5.掌握固定句式，從固定句式著手，套用虛擬語氣句型。
1.—catherine, i have cleaned the room for you.
—thanks. you _________it. i could manage it myself.
a. needn’t do b. needn’t have done
c. mustn’t do d. shouldn’t have done
【解析】b 句子的語境是：“我自己能做”，所以“你本不必做的”。選a還是b呢？根據前面一句中的 have cleaned 可知，動作已經發生，所以此處談論的是一個過去情況，故選 needn’t have done。
2. this cake is very sweet. you _________ a lot of sugar in it.
a. should put b. could have put c. might put d. must have put
【解析】d前文說“蛋糕很甜”，下文的語境顯然應該是“你一定是在里面放了很多糖”，故用“must+完成式”表示對過去情況的肯定推測。
3. —the woman biologist stayed in africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
— oh, dear! she _________ a lot of difficulties!
a. may go through b. might go through
c. ought to have gone through d. must have gone through
【解析】d由上文的stayed可知，此題是對過去情況有把握的肯定推測。句意為“那個女生物學家呆在非洲研究野生動物XX年才回來。”“天啊！她一定經歷了不少苦難！”
4. helen _________ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.
a. shall b. must c. may d. can
【解析】c由于下文說“她還沒有把握”，所以前文要用may表示沒有把握的肯定推測，即“可能會與我們去旅行”。
5. —i’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
—it _________ harry’s. he always wears green.
a. has to be b. will be c. mustn’t be d. could be
【解析】d 后文說“他總是穿綠色衣服”，據此語境可推知，這件衣“可能是”哈利的，could表示可能性。
6. —do you know where david is? i couldn’t find him anywhere.
—well. he _________have gone far—his coat’s still here.
a. shouldn’t b. mustn’t c. can’t d. wouldn’t
分析：答案選c。后文說“他的外套還在這里”，據此語境可知“他不可能走遠了”，故選can’t
5. he paid for a seat, when he _________ have entered free.
a. could b. would c. must d. need
【解析】a could have done的意思是“本來可以做某事”。句子語境為“雖然他本來能夠免費入場，但他買了票”。
6. —lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
—she _________. i’ve already borrowed one.
a. can’t b. mustn’t c. needn’t d. shouldn’t
【解析】c 既然“我已經借了一本”，所以“她就沒有必要借給我了”。needn’t在此表示“不必”。
7.the world wide web is sometimes jokingly called the world wide wait because it _________be very slow.
a. should b. must c. will d. can
【解析】 d在通常情況下，情態動詞 can 表示推測時，只用于否定句和疑問句，不用于肯定句，但有一種特殊情況就是它可以用于肯定句中表理論上的推測或表示“有時”之意，而此題考查的正是can 表示“有時”的用法。
8. zhang lin was addicted to computer games during his last year in high school , otherwise he____________a student of beijing university .
a.would have been b.should be c.has been d.had been
【解析】a otherwise引起虛擬語氣的虛擬語氣屬于含蓄型的，由句意可以得知是與過去的事實相反，主句用 would have done。
9. ---your sister nearly _______ all her spare time to her study during the three years.
----that's right， or she ________ the first place in her school in the college entrance examination.
a. devoted; wouldn't have taken b. spent; wouldn't have taken
c. had devoted; hadn't taken d. had spent; couldn't take
【解析】a devote … to 為固定搭配，因此第一個空應從ac選。or 翻譯成“否則，要不然”，相當于otherwise，引起句子運用虛擬語氣，主句用 would have done。
10.—any information about your son?
—no. if only i ______ those tough words to him.
a.didn't say b.hadn't said
c.shouldn't have said d.couldn't have said
【解析】b if only 引起的句子要用虛擬語氣。與wish跟從句用虛擬的規則一樣。與過去的事實相反，用過去完成時態。
11. it is vital that we _____ act out at once to protect the environment.
a. would b. should c. will d. can
【解析】b it is vital/important/strange/necessary/natural…that 從句中，從句運用should跟動詞原形。
12. john’s pale face suggested that he ______ill, and his parents suggested that he ______a medical examination.
a. be, should have b. was, have c. should be, had d. was, has
【解析】b suggest表示“表明，暗示”時，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣，而表示“建議”時，要用should 跟動詞原形的虛擬語氣。根據句意可以得知，答案為b
13. but for the leadership of our party and our government, we __________ these splendid results.
a.have achieved b.shouldn’t have achieved
c.should have achieved d.would achieve
【解析】b but for 相當于without，可以用if 非真實條件句替換。有句意可知時發生在過去，與過去事實相反。
14. --where have you been?
--i_______in the heavy traffic. otherwise i______here earlier.
a. got stuck; would have come b. got stuck; was
c. have got stuck; would have come d. had got stuck; would come
【解析】a 由句意得知被交通堵塞困住是發生在過去，第一空用一般過去時，排除cd，第二空為與過去事實相反，故選a
15.he hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal.
a. had scored b. scored c. would score d. would have scored
【解析】d 這是otherwise 引出的含蓄虛擬語氣，再根據前面的 hesitated 可進一步知道這是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣 .
【學法導航】考生在復習情態動詞和虛擬語氣時要注意如下幾點：
1.掌握情態動詞的基本用法；2.正確辨析相近意義的情態動詞；3.把握常用情態動詞句式；
4.學生要明確所敘述的內容不可能發生或發生的可能性很小時，要用虛擬語氣；
5.把握虛擬語氣的常用句式； 6.正確辨析混合時間的虛擬語氣，如果條件句中的動作和主句的動作不是同時發生，主句和從句的謂語動詞的形式應分別根據各自所表示的時間加以調整。
7.注意虛擬語氣中的倒裝句，如果虛擬語氣的條件從句謂語動詞中含有were, had, should，有時可將if省去，而將條件從句的主語置于were, had, should, 之后
8.分清含蓄條件句，有時為了表達的需要，在虛擬語氣中不總是出現if引導的條件句，而通過用其他詞來代替條件句，常見詞有otherwise, or, but for 和if only等
9. 掌握在表語從句，同位語從句和主語從句中，表示間接的命令、要求、請求、建議、決定等，主句的主語通常是suggestion, proposal, request, order, idea 等。 從句中的謂語動詞是should +動詞原型，should 可以省略。
10.掌握口語中的虛擬語氣和固定句式中的虛擬語氣。
【專題綜合】1. when a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.
a. breaks b. has broken
c. were broken d. had been broken
2. but for the help you gave me, i _______ the examinations.
a. would have passed b. would pass
c. wouldn’t have passed d. wouldn’t pass
3. i forget where i read the article, or i _____ it to you now.
a. will show b. would show c. am going to show d. am showing
4. “it looks as if he were drunk.” “so it does. _____.”
a. he’d better give up drinking b. he shouldn’t have drunk so much
c. health is more important than drink d. i wonder why he is always doing so
5. “mary looks hot and dry” “so _____ you if you had so high a fever.”
a. do b. are c. will d. would
6. “he will come tomorrow.” “but i’d rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.”
a. will come b. is coming c. came d. had come
7. all the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.
a. should be; be operated on b. were; must be operated on
c. was; should be operated d. was; be operated on
8. ______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung.
a. was he given up b. had he given up c. did he give d. if he gave up
9. “i still haven’t thanked aunt lucy for her present.” “it’s time you _____.”
a. do b. did c. had d. would
10. “do you know his address？” “no, i also wish i _____ where he _____.”
a. knew, live b. knew, lives c. know, lives d. know, lived
11. it is hard for me to imagine what i would be doing today if i ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the melinda cox library in my hometown.
a. wouldn’t have fallen b. had not fallen
c. should fall d. were to fall
12. without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ____ for us to live.
a. would be freezing cold b. will be freezing coldly
c. would be frozen cold d. can freeze coldly
13. look at the trouble i am in! if only i _____your dvice.
a. followed b. would follow c. had followed d. should follow
14. ---- don't you think it necessary that he _______ to miami but to new york?
---- i agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to.
a. will not be sent; that b. not be sent; that
c. should not be sent; what d. should not send; what
15. if i____plan to do anything i wanted to ,i’d like to go to tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.
a.would b.could c.had to d.ought to
16. ____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.
a. would you be b. should you be c. could you be d. might you be
17. if it were not for the fact that she_______sing, i would invite her to the party.
a.couldn’t b.shouldn’t c.can’t d.might not
18. after hours of repair, the driver tried to start the machine but it __________ work.
a. won’t b. shouldn’t c. wouldn’t d. couldn’t
19. you ________ pay too much attention to your assignment, for it is that important.
a. must b. needn’t c. cannot d. need
20. he _________ another career, but at the time, he didn’t have enough money to attend graduate school.
a. might choose b. might have chosen c. had to choose d. must have chosen
參考答案和解析
1.【解析】c as if 引導的句子，有時用虛擬語氣，有時不用。原則上說，若指事實或可能為事實，不用虛擬語氣；若指現在，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時（be 用 were）；若指過去用過去完成時，若指將來用過去將來時或用 were to do sth.
2.【解析】c but for 的意思是“若不是，要不是”，用于引出與事實相反的假設，通常與虛擬語氣連用。根據句中的 the help you gave me，可知它表示與過去事實相反，故選c.
3.【解析】b根據上文的語境可知句中的 or 隱含有一個虛擬的條件，即 or=if i didn’t forget where i read the article（要是我沒忘記我在哪兒讀過這篇文章的話——但事實上忘了）。
4.【解析】d關鍵信息是it looks as if he were drunk 中的虛擬語氣，句子既然用了虛擬語氣，也就是說，“他喝醉了”不是事實，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此題的最佳答案是d.
5.【解析】d 由于空格后的 if 條件狀語從句的謂語用的是虛擬語氣（這是很重要的信息），所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案應選d.
6.【解析】c 按照英語習慣，would rather 后接that 從句時，從句謂語通常要用虛擬語氣，即用過去式表示現在或將來，用過去完成時表示過去。
7.【解析】d insist后的從句謂語有時用“should+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣，有時不用，具體要看該謂語動詞所表示的含義。一般說來，若該謂語動詞所表示的動作尚未發生，或尚未成為事實，則用虛擬語氣；若該謂語動詞所表示的動作已經發生，或已經成為事實，則要用陳述語氣。分析上題的句意，可知只有選d最合適。
8.【解析】b是因為時態前后有矛盾。由于主句謂語是would not have got，這表明是對過去事實作出的假設，所以從句謂語應該是 had given up，而不是像d項那樣用一般過去時。另外，當虛擬條件句中有 had, should, were 等詞時，通常可以省略 if，并將 had, should, were 提前置于句首。
9.【解析】b it’s time you did 為 it’s time you thanked aunt lucy for her present 之略。按照英語語法，it’s time 后從句通常要用過去式。
10.【解析】b第一空填 knew，因為 i wish 后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣（即用過去式表示現在的想法）；第二空要填lives，即用陳述語氣，因為 where he lives 是一個客觀事實，而不是 i wish 的內容。
11.【解析】b 此題涉及錯綜時間虛擬條件句，主句與現在事實相反，條件句與過去事實相反。句意為：要不是在七歲時就迷上了 melinda cox 圖書館，我真不能想像我如今會在做什么。
12.【解析】a without 引出的介詞短語為一個與現在事實相反的含蓄條件句。
13.【解析】c if only 意為“,但愿，要是……就好了”，其后的句子謂語要用虛擬語氣，用以表達愿望或非真實條件，同時根據 句意可以得知從句是與過去事實相反
14.【解析】b本題考查虛擬語氣和表語從句。在it is necessary that…句型中，從句中常常用虛擬語氣，其形式為“should+動詞原型”，should也可以省略。第二空考查了表語從句。that沒有實際的意義，只起一個連接的作用。
15.【解析】b考查虛擬語氣。從主句的謂語動詞及句意推測應選b。其他選項不符合題意。
16.【解析】 b 本題考查了虛擬語氣的倒裝。如果虛擬語氣的條件從句謂語動詞中含有were, had, should，有時可將if省去，而將條件從句的主語置于were, had, should之后。
17.【解析】c雖然前有虛擬條件句, 后有使用了虛擬語氣，但the fact不是與事實相反，而是現在的真實情況， 故不用虛擬語氣。
18.【解析】c,表示機器什么的不能工作了。是一種關于性能方面的，很固定的用法。
19.【解析】c can not too...to 是詞組，意思是就算怎么樣也不過分。
20.【解析】b可是根據句子的意思。must have chosen 是本來肯定會------，故答案為b。
2022高考二輪復習英語學案 篇11
（精品推薦）XX屆高考二輪復習英語學案--專題二 代詞和數詞
【典例精析】
1. （ 浙江卷） it is reported that the floods have left about _________ people homeless.
a. two thousand b. two-thousands c. two thousands d. two thousands of
【解析】a 考查數詞用法。量詞前用基數詞修飾量詞保持原來形式，不變復數；如后面用of量詞用復數，但前面不用基數詞修飾
2.（全國卷i，30）—which of the two computer games did you prefer?
—actually i didn’t like ______.
a. both of them b. either of them c. none of them d. neither of them
【解析】b句意：——這兩個電子游戲你更喜歡哪一個？——實際上我連個都不喜歡。not…either…兩者都不…...,是半否定，不合語境；none 指代三者以上，和第一句中的the two computer games相矛盾；d項意思相反
3.（天津卷，5）to know more about the british museum, you can use the internet to go to the library, or _______.
a. neither b. some c. all d. both
【解析】d句意：為了更多地了解有關大英博物館的信息，你可以通過網絡或圖書館，也可以兩者都用來獲取信息。neither兩者都不；some一些；all三者或三者以上都；both兩者都
4.（遼寧卷，26） —could you tell me how to get to victoria street?
—victoria street? ______ is where the grand theatre is.
a. such b. there c. that d. this
【解析】c句意：——你能告訴我怎么到達維多利亞大街嗎？——維多利亞大街？（那）就在大戲院哪里。這里實際上是要選一個詞來代替文中提到的victoria street。such 這，這些；there那兒，均不符合題意。that 可表示上文提到的不可數名詞或可數名詞的特指，符合題意。this明顯不符題意
5. （安徽卷，21）the two girls are getting on very well and share _______ with each other.
a. little b. much c. some d none
【解析】b句意：這兩個女兒相處的非常融洽，她們有許多共同的志趣。本題考察不定代詞的用法，little少；much多；some 一些；none沒有一個，毫無。由are getting on very well“相處融洽“可知正確答案應該為b
6.（09四川）i like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but i don’t have enough money to buy__________.
a. one b. it c. this d. that
【解析】b。 意思是：我喜歡這個前面有一個美麗花園的房子，但是我沒有足夠多的錢去把它買下來。第一句話中的this house表明在該語境中是特指的用法，所以答案為it，表示特指。該題容易誤選one，要注意的是one表示泛指。
7.（09山東）i felt so bad all day yesterday that i decided this morning i couldn’t face ________ day like that.
a. other b. another c. the other d. others
【解析】b 考查與other 相關的單詞的區別，由題意知：我昨天一整天感到很糟糕，以至于我今天早晨決定我不會面對那樣的一天。是指在未來的日子中的一天，故用another.
8.（09陜西） jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didn’t answer of them.
a. other b. any c. none d. some
【解析】b 考查不定代詞。所填詞與not構成全部否定，四個選項中只有any與not可以構成not any，等于none，表全部否定，故選b。
9.（09全國2卷）23. charles was alone at home, with looking after him.
a. someone b. anyone c. not one d. no one
【解析】d 考查不定代詞的用法。按照句意：查理茲一人在家，沒有人照顧他，依據獨立主格結構d符合。
10.（09全國2 ）24。the cds are on sale! buy one and you get completely free.
a. other b. others c. one d. ones
【解析】c 考查不定代詞的用法。按照句意：此處為買一送一，表示泛指意義的同類東西，故選c符合
11.（09北京）being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ___extra stress.
a. it b. them c. one d. him
【解析】a 該句話的意思是：作為一個父母并非總是一件容易的事，但是作為一個有特殊需求的父母來說就需要有更多的額外的壓力。it特指being the parent of a child with special needs這件事
12.（09上海）－wow! you’ve got so many clothes.
－but _____ of them are in fashion now .
a. all b. both c. neither d. none
【答案】d
13.（09浙江）－i’ve read another book this week.
－well, maybe _____ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.
this b. that c. there d. it
【答案】d
14.（09重慶）22. over the past 20 years, the internet helped change our world in_____ way or another for the better.
a. any b. one c. every d. either
【答案】b
15.（09江蘇）25. nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with __ of their parents.
a. those b. one c. both d. that
【解析】d考查代詞用法。 代替上文提到的in their approach to educating their children
【專題突破】
代詞做題技巧點撥：注意分析句子結構，理清指代關系，聯系語境把握指代意思，已經不定代詞的基本用法。
數詞詞做題技巧點撥：把握基本用法，按照規律、規則來做即可
1. i will appreciate ______ if you can give me a hand.
a.this b.that c.it d.one
2. ______ has already been pointed out, only by correcting mistakes, can you make progress.
a.it b.as c.that d.what
3. all of us want very much to see these amusing movies，especially _____ you referred to just now.
a.any b.it c.the one d.one
4. --- did you find the pen yesterday?
--- no, i didn’t find ________, but i have bought ________.
a. it; it b. one; it c. it; one d. one; one
5. we've got two tv sets, but we still can't watch anything because ______ works properly.
a.neither b.either c.each d.none
6. some tourists think that the beauty of mountains is greater than ______ of deserts.
a.one b.those c.the one d.that
7.——have you any money on you? i need some badly.
——sorry, but ______ at all .
a. not b. nothing c. none d. quite a little
8. i found ______ possible to answer all the questions within the given time.
a. that b. it c. this d. what
9. --- can i help you ?
--- i’d like to buy a present for my best friend, _______at proper price but of great use.
a. that b. one c. it d. this
10. is ________ man’s ability to reason that sets him apart from other animals?
a. one b. this c. it d. /
11. how long do you think ___________ the microsoft brings out a new product?
a.it will be before b.will it be until
c.will it be when d.it will be that
12. ---do you have new concept english ⅵ in your shop?
---yes, but no more than one copy. would you like to take ______?
a.it b them c.some d.one
13. --- how long will you be staying? .
--- i don’t know. .
a. that’s ok b. never mind
c. it depends d. it doesn’t matter
14.一when did you learn the news that obama made a trip to canada as president?
一 ____ was on my return.
a.that b.it c.there d.this
15. he didn’t make ______ clear when and where the meeting would be held.
a.this b.that c.it d.these
16.—does _____please you to give gifts to others?
—sure.
a.it b.that c.one d.he
17. though we found _____difficult to avoid economic and financial crisis, we must take measures to reduce its negative impact.
a.it b.one c.that d.how
18.—do you think_____ worthwhile to go all the way to los angles to buy that computer?
—well ,i’m going to visit some relatives, too.
a.it b./ c.this d.that
19. no one knows exactly when our ancestors started talking，but new evidence suggests _______might have happened a long time ago.
a.which b. what c.it d.they
20. really great people always see the best in others; it is the little man who looks for the worst and finds.
a.one b.it c.that d.them
21. ____people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.
a. several million b. many millions
c. several millions d. many million
參考答案和解析
1.【解析】c it作動詞appreciate的賓語，其它三項不符合題意。
2.【解析】b關系代詞as引導定語從句時，通常用于固定搭配。
3.【解析】c one可以用來指代前面提到的人或事物。you referred to just now修飾one，因此要用the one 表示特指。
4.【解析】c 用it 表示同類事物，特指前面提到的那支筆。在第二個空中，用one表示某一只筆。
5.【解析】a neither兩者都不；either兩者之一；each 每個；none三者或三者以上都不。根據題意，應選a。
6.【解析】d one可以用來指代前面提到的人或事物，the one特指，均不符合題意。that 可表示上文提到的不可數名詞或可數名詞的特指，這里that代替的是不可數名詞beauty，符合題意；those為復數形式，不合題意。
7.【解析】c none沒有一點，毫無；nothing沒有任何東西；not at all固定搭配“根本不” quite a little 一點。根據題意，應選c。意思是我此時一點錢也沒有
8.【解析】 b it作found的形式賓語，真正的賓語是to answer all the questions within the given time.，possible作it的補語。
9.【解析】b one可以用來指代前面提到的人或事物，此句中指代a present，one作present的同位語。
10.【解析】c本題考查it引導的強調句用法，it……that……句型。
11.【解析】a.本句是一個特殊疑問句，前面有do you think插入語，應該用陳述語序，因此排除bc，根據句意可知應該是“微軟公司研制出一種新產品需要花費多長時間”，不是考查強調句型，因此應選a
12.【解析】a 根據句意可以得知，店中只有一本了，故用it表示上文出現的內容。
13.【解析】c根據句意可以得知，不清楚停留多長時間，因此用it depends.（看情況而定）
14【解析】b根據句意可以得知，問的是時間，it可以指代時間，屬于it的實指用法。
15.【解析】c本題中，it用作形式賓語指代when and where the meeting would be held從句。
16.【解析】a 本題中，it用作形式主語，代替to give gifts to others
17.【解析】a it在句中用作形式賓語，代替后文的to avoid economic and financial crisis
18.【解析】a 在本句中，it為形式賓語，代替下文的to go all the way to los angles to buy that computer。而其他選項不能作形式賓語。
19.【解析】c it在句中指時間，屬于實指。
20.【解析】b 根據句意可以得知“偉人常常看到別人的最好的一面，而小人則只看到了別人不最好的一面”it此處特指上文的the worst
21.【解析】a 本題考查的是million表示確切數量的用法。million前需用數表確切數量，而不用many這類詞，但可說many millions of（上百萬的），故本題中用several million。
【學法導航】對于代詞的學習要抓住代詞的特點和用法，可以從以下幾方面入手來把握代詞的解題規律：
1.明確指代。在解答代詞題目時，我們應首先分析前后文，明確代詞所指代的對象，從而避免誤判。具體說來應從以下幾方面考慮：
（1）代詞指代的是人還是物；
（2）代詞指代的是可數名詞還是不可數名詞；
（3）代詞指代的是特指還是泛指概念；
（4）代詞指代的概念是表示兩者之間還是三者或三者以上。
（5）代詞所表示的是肯定還是否定概念。
2.理清邏輯。需要通過分析上下文所蘊涵的邏輯關系才能做出正確判斷。具體說來應從以下方面去考慮：
（1）代詞所表示的范圍；
（2）代詞表示的是全部否定還是部分否定。
3 吃透語境。有些高考試題考查的是代詞在具體語境中的靈活運用，這樣的題目須分析具體的語境才能選出正確答案，忌死摳語法。
對于數詞的復習只要掌握牢記基本規則用法即可，對它的考查非常固定就是正常的倍數、百分數、分數的表示法；當然在復習備考中要熟記規律，牢記詞條，多做有針對性題目，就能很好地突破
【專題綜合】
1. ——excuse me, i want to have my watch fixed, but i can’t find a repair shop.
——i know nearby. come on, i’ll show you.
a. one b. it c. some d. that
2. the parkers bought a new house, but_____will need a lot of work before they can move in.
a. they b. it c. one d. which
3. some people would rather ride bikes as bike ridding has_____ of the trouble of taking buses.
a. nothing b. none c. some d. neither
4. ——which of the two books do you want?
—— i want . please show me .
a. none; another b. all; the other c. neither; the other d. neither; another
5. who can you turn to in time of danger, it not .
a. any b. us c. we d. ours
6. ——there must be a dozen pens in this house but i can never find one when i need one.
——keep looking. ____ is sure to turn up.
a. one b. it c. that d. this
7.the best job is _____which uses your skill in doing something together with your interest in the subject.
a. something b. the one c. one d. it
8. ——your coffee smells great！
——it’s from mexico. would you like ?
a. it b. some c. this d. little
9.if you can dream _____ , you can do _____.
a. one; it b. it; one c. one; one d. it; it
10. mr ascot, headmaster of the school, refused to accept ______of the three suggestions made by the students’ union.
a. either b. neither c. any d. none
11. i’m afraid we can’t have coffee; there’s _____ left.
a. nothing b. none c. no one d. no any
參考答案和解析
1.【解析】a one用來代替剛提到的人或一種可數的物，it也指剛剛提到過的事物，但指同一個，c、d顯然不符合題意。
2.【解析】b it在句子中的指代the parkers所買的房子。在英語中，如果所指的是同種事物要用代詞it和they（them）；如果指代的是同一類事物要用代詞one和ones。
3.【解析】b nothing是不定代詞，不能放在介詞of的前面：neither（兩者）都不；some與句子的意思不符，都不能作為答案。none of the trouble of taking buses沒有乘公共汽車的麻煩。
4.【解析】d答語意為：“兩本我都不要，請給我另外一本。”其他三個選項不定代詞表達的數上或意思上與問候語相矛盾。
5.【解析】b turn to sb. 表示“向……請求幫助”。從句是個省略句。if not us即if you don’t turn to us.
6.【解析】a 此處one特指上文提到的“the one i need”。
7.【解析】c 該句中缺少一個先行詞，a，b項也可做先行詞，但引導詞應用that，因此正確選項為c。
8.【解析】b文中指的是“一些咖啡”，a it表示全部咖啡，不合理，c this指“這個”不修飾不可數名詞，在句中不能單獨使用，故排除a，c。
9.【解析】d if you can dream it, you can do it意思是如果你能想到你就能做到，it和one作代詞時，one指代前已提到過的可數名詞的單數形式，復數用ones，而it即可指代可數名詞也可指代不可數名詞。
10.【解析】c none 和 neither 表否定，與句中的 refused to acept這一語境不符。在 either 與 any 兩個選項中，either 指兩者，與句中的 three suggestions 不符。故只能選 any，指三者中的任意一個。
11.【解析】b nothing 指“什么也沒有”；none 指數量上的“一點(個)也沒有”。注：回答 how much 和 how many 時要用 none，而不用 nothing，道理同。