Unit3 Men and Women Different導(dǎo)學(xué)案
unit3 men and women different導(dǎo)學(xué)案
unit 3 men and womendifferent roles in society
一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：
unit 3 （ii）
語(yǔ)法講解：
直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)
引述或轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話稱為“引語(yǔ)”。直接引用別人的原話，兩邊用引號(hào)標(biāo)出，叫做直接引語(yǔ)；用自己的語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，不需要引號(hào)叫做間接引語(yǔ)，實(shí)際上間接引語(yǔ)大都是賓語(yǔ)從句（其中由祈使句轉(zhuǎn)換的間接引語(yǔ)除外，其轉(zhuǎn)換后是不定式）。那么直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句、一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句和祈使句，轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)、人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等都要有變化，如何變化呢?
1. 人稱的轉(zhuǎn)變
（1）直接引語(yǔ)中的第一人稱，一般轉(zhuǎn)換為第三人稱，如：
he said，“i am very sorry.” →he said that he was very sorry.
（2）直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)述人說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換為第一人稱，如：
“you should be more careful next time,” my father told me.→
my father told me that i should be more careful the next time.
（3）直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對(duì)第三人稱說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第三人稱。如：
she said to her son, “i'll check your homework tonight.” →
she said to her son that she would check his homework that night.
（4）人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換包括人稱代詞、物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞等，如：
he asked me, “will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?” →
he asked me whether i would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.
總之，人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換不是固定的，具體情況，具體對(duì)待，要符合邏輯。
2. 時(shí)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換
直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句（即間接引語(yǔ)部分）的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化，變成過(guò)去時(shí)范疇的各種時(shí)態(tài)（實(shí)際也是賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)要求），變化如下：
直接引語(yǔ) 間接引語(yǔ) 直接引語(yǔ) 間接引語(yǔ)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
一般將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)
例如：
“i am very glad to visit your school”, she said. →
she said she was very glad to visit our school.
tom said, “we are listening to the pop music.” →
tom said that they were listening to the pop music.
mother asked, “have you finished your homework before you watch tv?” →
mother asked me whether i had finished my homework before i watched tv.
he asked the conductor, “where shall i get off to change to a no. 3 bus?” →
he asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a no. 3 bus.
“why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked. →
the teacher asked why she had refused to go there.
mother asked me, “had you finished your homework before you watched tv?” →
mother asked me whether i had finished my homework before i watched tv.
tom said, “we were having a football match this time yesterday.” →