定語從句
表示“意志”或“愿意”，would 則指過去愿意做…… 例句： 1. he said that he would help us. 2. you may telephone if you will accept this job. would可以表達“過去習慣做……”類似于“used to do” 例句： 1. when we were children, we would go swimming every summer in that river. 表示請求，固定的句型：will/would you please do…? / would you like to do…? 例句：will/would you please give him a message when you see him ? shall1. 用于第一，三人稱，表示“請求”；“建議” 或“推薦” 例句： 1. shall we start the meeting now? 2. shall i watch tv now ? 3. shall my son carry the case for you ? 2. 用于第二人稱，表示“命令，“要求”，“許諾” 例句： 1. you shall take whatever you like. 2. you shall not go to the party with me if you make so much noise again. 在表示推測的否定句或疑問句中，常用can /can’t /could / couldn’t表示，意思是：“可能…嗎?”；“…不可能…”。而不能使用mustn’t或must等詞。 【典型例題】1. —do you think he will do me a favor ? —as far as i know, he is the last one to help others. he _____ be prepared to give you a hand, though. a. might b. must c. can d. should 分析：本題考查情態動詞推測性用法。 根據he is the last one to help others.（他是最不可能幫助別人的人），既然如此，那么“幫助你”的可能性也就最小了。 答案為a 2. —look, someone is coming. guess who it ____ be ? —i think it ___ be tom. —i don’t think it ___ be ____ . a. can ; must ; can ; he b. may ; can ; must ; him c. must ; can ; must ; his d. might ; must ; can ; himself 分析：根據備選答案。 can表示推測時用于疑問句或否定句中。本題首句就應該是guess who can it be? 第二句應該是i think it must be tom.（說話人十分肯定）。第三句表達了說話人對前一個人的否定。即：i don’t think it can be him/he.（不可能是他）。答案為a 3. —do you know ms. wang likes walking after supper ? —sure. she ____ around the campus now. a. must be walking b. must walk c. may walk d. may be walking 分析：關鍵詞sure告訴我們說話人的口氣十分肯定。根據句子語境：她此刻肯定正在校園散步呢。must be doing表示肯定正在做。答案為a 4. —i stayed at a hotel in new york. —oh, did you ? you _____ with barbara. a. could have stayed b. could stay c. would say d. must have stayed 分析：首句說：我在紐約住在一家賓館里。在此a hotel是泛指。所以d選項不合題意。第二句在說：你本來可以和barbara.住在一起的。could have done表示：本來可以。答案為a 5. why didn’t you tell me there was no meeting today ? i _____ all the way here through the heavy snow. a. needn’t have driven b. can’t have driven c. mustn’t have driven d. shouldn’t have driven 分析：根據句意：你為什么不告訴我今天沒有會？我本來沒必要冒著大雪開車跑這么多路。needn’t have done表示本來沒必要。答案為a 6. i was really anxious about you. you _____ home without a word. a. mustn’t leave b. shouldn’t have left c. couldn’t have left d. needn’t leave 分析：根據句意：我真的很擔心你，你真不應該一句話都不說就離開家。“離開家”已經發生了。should have done正好表達了本句的意思。答案為b 7. a：are you coming to jeff’s party ? b：i’m not sure. i _____ go to the concert instead. a. must b. would c. should d. might 分析：根據b的回答：我不一定去，我有可能去聽音樂會。might表示推測：可能。答案為d 8. a：i promise that she ____ get a nice present on her birthday. b：will it be a big surprise to her ? a. should b. must c. would d. shall 分析：a說：“我答應她在生日聚會上她會得到一份生日禮物。shall表示許諾。答案為d