高中英語必修4 Unit3重點詞語及短語解析(精選2篇)
高中英語必修4 Unit3重點詞語及短語解析 篇1
高中英語必修4 unit3重點詞語及短語解析
unit3 a taste of english humour
warming up,pre-reading,reading
重點詞語及短語解析
1. feel vt.
(1) 觸,摸:
she felt the dog’s nose.
他摸狗的鼻子。
(2)感覺; 覺得
he began to feel uneasy.
他開始感到不安。
how are you feeling today, mrs. brown?
布朗太太,你今天覺得怎么樣?
i don’t feel like sleeping,
我不想睡。
2. be content with adj.對……滿意的,滿足的,安心的
are you content with your present salary?
你對你目前的薪金滿意嗎?
are you content to go there alone?
你愿意一個人去那兒嗎?
詞語拓展
(1)contents n. 內容,內部所有之物,目錄
are you content with the contents of the novel?
你對小說的內容滿意嗎?
(2)content n. 不可數名詞,滿意的狀態,滿意
he lives in peace and content.
他生活于和平與滿足之中。
to one’s heart’s content 盡情地,心滿意足
on sundays children play in the park to their hearts’ content.
星期天孩子們在公園里盡情地玩耍。
3. astonish vt.使驚訝;使驚駭;使驚愕
we are astonished at his improvement.
他進步之快,令我們驚訝。
the barbarian customs of the villagers astonished us.
村民的野鸞習俗令我們吃驚。
詞語拓展
astonishing adj.令人驚訝的;
astonished adj. 感到驚訝的;
astonishment n. 驚訝,驚駭。
4. unfortunate 不幸的:
she is an unfortunate woman.
她是個不幸的女人。
詞語拓展
fortunate adj. 幸運的=lucky
fortunately adv. 幸運地=luckily
fortunately for him, he has passed.
對他來說幸運的是,他過關了。
unfortunate adj. 不幸的,=unlucky
unfortunately adv. 不幸地=unluckily
5. worse
(1)adj. 更壞的
she got worse last night.
她昨天的情況惡化了。
what is worse 更壞的是
what was worse, it was getting cold.
更壞的是,天漸漸冷起來了。
(2)adv. 更壞地,更惡劣地
it is raining worse than ever.
雨下更大了。
詞語拓展
badly off 窮困的,潦倒的,是worse off 的原級;well off 是badly off的反義詞。
he is badly off while his brother is well off.
他過著窮困潦倒的生活而他的哥哥過著富裕的生活。
bad, badly 和 ill 的比較級都是worse;
worse still = what is worse =to make matters worse更壞的是
worsen v.t.使更糟糕
be bad at sth.不擅長于
he is bad at english.
他不擅長英語。
be bad for sth. 對……有壞處
don’t read in bed. it is bad for your eyes.
不要躺在床上讀書。那樣對你的眼有害。
be bad to sb.待某人不好
her stepmother is bad to her.
她的繼母虐待她。
do badly in sth.在……方面做得不好
he did badly in the exam yesterday.
昨天他考得不好。
6. ordinary
(1)adj. 普通的;正常的
he attended the party in ordinary dress.
他穿著便服去赴宴。
(2)中下等的;平凡的;平常的
an ordinary letter平信
7. bore v.t.使(某人)感到無聊、厭煩
his stories bored me very much.
他的事使我感到非常厭煩。
詞語拓展
bore sb. to death使某人極度厭煩
boring adj. 無聊的,令人厭煩的
bored adj. 感到厭煩的,感到無聊的
i am bored; let’s go to the cinema.
我悶了,咱們看電影去吧。
boredom n. 厭煩,無聊,厭倦
8. entertain vt.
(1)使娛樂;助興
they gave a dance to entertain their guests.
他們跳了一個舞以娛嘉賓。
(2)招待
we entertained them for dinner.
我們招待他們吃晚餐。
詞語拓展
entertaining adj. 令人愉快的,有趣的
an entertaining film 一部令人愉快的電影
entertained adj. 感到愉快的
entertainment 娛樂,款待;娛樂活動(常用復數)
entertainer n.表演者,藝人
9. throughout
(1) prep.遍及;在全部 期間
paul’s songs are popular throughout the world.
保羅的歌在全世界都很受歡迎。
(2)adv. 各地;全部
the house is well built throughout.
這整幢房子都建筑得很好。 自始至終:
the soldier stood perfectly still throughout. 士兵自始至終站著不動。
10. failure n.
(1)失敗
his failure disappointed his father.
他的失敗使他父親失望。
failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母。
(2)衰敗;減退
the failure of health 健康衰退
詞語拓展
fail sth. =fail in sth. =fail to do sth.做某事失敗了
11. pick out
(1)挑選出;揀出
let me pick out some good ones for you.
讓我來替你挑幾個好的。
the best students have been picked out.
最好的學生已挑選好了。
(2)辨認出
it's easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall.
很容易從人群中辨認出他,因為他個子很高。
詞語拓展
pick vt.剔,挖;采摘
she is picking her teeth.
她在剔牙。
don’t pick the flowers in the garden.
不要采摘花園里的花。
pick up 撿起,接,便宜地得到
the bus stopped and picked up many people.
車停了,上來好多人。
she picked up many goods in the market.
她在市場里買了好多便宜貨。
12. cut off 切斷,砍掉,剪下:
our water supply has been cut off.
我們斷水了。
be careful not to cut your finger off.
小心別切斷了手指頭。
詞語拓展
cut切,割,剪,砍
the boy cut his finger while playing with his knife.
你孩子玩刀子時劃破了手指頭。
cut out剪裁,刪掉
she is cutting out a dress.
她在剪裁一件連衣裙。
you can cut out the unimportant details.
你可以刪除那些不重要的細節。
cut down砍到,減少
please cut the trousers down.
請把褲子改短。
he cut his article down to 1000 words.
他把文章縮減到一千字。
cut up 切碎
please cut the meat up before making dumplings.
在包餃子之前先把肉切碎。
cut…into把切成
cut the apple into halves, thirds, quarters.
把蘋果切成兩半,三瓣,四瓣等。
cut …short
she cut her hair short.
她把頭發剪短了。
cut in插話
don’t cut in a word, please.
請不要插話。
a short cut 捷徑
13. convince使相信;說服
i am convinced of its truth.
我相信他的真實性。
詞語拓展
convincing 使人相信的;說服人的
convinced 感到相信的;被說服的
14. direct 指導,指揮;監督;命令;書寫;指向
the teacher directed the work of his students.
老師指導學生做作業。
i would act rather than direct.
我寧愿當演員而不愿當導演。
詞語拓展
direct speech 直接引語
indirect speech間接引語
director導演,主任,董事長;
direction 指導,說明書(常用復數):
he did the work under my direction.
他在我的指導下做這件事。
in the direction of朝著……的方向
he walked in the direction of me.
他朝我走來。
15. star in 在中擔任主角
liu dehua starred in the film a world without thieves.
劉德華在《天下無賊》中擔任主角。
詞語拓展
star sb. in 使某人在……中擔任主角:
zhang yimou wanted to star zhou jielun in his new film.
張藝謀想讓周杰倫在他的新電影中擔任主角。
star n. 恒星,星星,明星:
there are many stars in the sky on a clear night.
在晴朗的夜空里有許多星星。
liu xiaoqing is a famous film star.
劉曉慶是一個著名的電影明星。
a five-star hotel一家五星級賓館
16. outstanding adj.著名的;顯著的:
he is an outstanding scholar.
他是個著名的學者。
詞語拓展
stand out突出,顯眼
his work stands out from the rest.
他的工作比他人都好。
stand by 袖手旁觀,支持
how could you stand by when he treated his dog badly?
當他虐待他的狗時,你怎么能袖手旁觀哪?
i will stand by you whatever happens.
無論如何,我都會支持你。
stand for 代表,意指
our party stands for our people.
我們的當代表著我們的人民。
注意:作定語、狀語時用現在分詞。
the party standing for its people will do good to its people.
代表人民的黨會為民眾帶來好處的。
stand against 靠放著
the desk stands against the wall.
桌子靠墻放著。
sand still站著不動
when his classmates walked to the gate, he stood still.
當他的同學朝門口走去的時候,他卻站著一動不動。
stand up站起來
when the teacher came in, the students all stood up.
當老師進來時,全體學生都站立起來。
stand in line排隊
everyone should stand in line when buying tickets.
買票時人人都應當排隊。
句子解析
1. he made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives.
當人們沮喪時,他能使人們發笑;因此人們總能對生活感到滿意。
(1)made people laugh,laugh在句中作賓語補足語。
小結:
make一詞不簡單,四個賓補跟后邊:名詞和動原,形容詞還有done。
we all made lilei monitor.
我們都選李磊當班長。
in the old society workers were made to work day and night.
在舊社會工人被迫日夜勞作。
we should try our best to make our country more and more beautiful.
我們應盡最大努力使祖國變得越來越美。
the teacher spoke louder in order to make himself heard.
老師大聲講以使學生都聽到。
注意:
當make 的賓補是動詞原形時變成被動時要加to。
(2)when they felt depressed,when引導的是時間狀語從句;felt depressed是系表結構;depressed是形容詞,意為“感到沮喪的”;
詞語拓展
depress vt. 使沮喪,使憂愁
wet weather always depresses me.
在陰雨天里我總是心灰意懶。
depressing adj.令人沮喪的
his marks are depressing.
他的分數令人沮喪。
depression n. the great depressioon(美國)經濟大蕭條
(3)feel more content with their lives這也是一個系表結構。
be content with sth.對某事感到滿意
be content to do sth.樂意去做某事
2. as time went by, he began making films. 隨著時間的流逝,他開始拍電影。
(1)as time went by時間狀語從句,譯成“隨著……”,由as引導句子;若用with則只能引導介詞短語,例如:
with the development of technology, english is getting more and more important.
隨著科技的發展,英語變得越來越重要了。
(2)began making films,begin to do sth.開始做某事(不講以后做不做), begin doing sth.開始做某事(以后一直做下去)
3. they are so hungry that they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner.
他們是如此的饑餓以至于試著煮皮鞋充饑。
(1) so hungry that…,so + adj / adv that…如此……以至于……
that child is so dear that all the people like him.
那孩子是如此乖巧以至于大家都喜歡他。
詞語拓展
so + adj / adv + that…= adj / adv enough to do sth.
he is so fast that he can catch the cat.= he is fast enough to catch the cat.
他的速度是如此之快以至于能抓住那只貓。
注意:
so加形容詞、副詞放句首,句子必須倒著走;還有一點要記住,that句子跟后頭。
so hungry is he that he can eat six pieces of bread.他如此之餓以至于能吃六片面包。
(2)try boiling a pair of leather shoes for…
try doing sth. 試著做某事
try to do sth. 盡力去做某事
詞語拓展
①常用的既可跟動名詞又可跟不定式但含義不同的動詞有:
remember doing sth.記得做過某事,remember to do sth.記得要去做某事;
forget doing sth.忘記做過某事,forget to do sth.忘記了去做某事;
regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事,,regret to do sth. 后悔去做某事;
stop doing sth. 停止做某事,stop to do sth.停止正在做的事去做另一件事;
like doing sth. 喜歡做某事(表示解除性、習慣性的動作),like to do sth., 喜歡去做某事(表示一次性、具體性的動作);
want doing = want to be done = need doing = need to be done需要被做; want to do sth.想去做某事; need doing = need to done需要被做,need to do sth.需要去做某事;
go on doing sth. 繼續做同一件事,go on to do sth.(做完一件事后)繼續做另一件事。
the flowers are dying. they want / need watering.
這些花快死了,需要澆水。
he likes swimming but he doesn’t like to swim with you today.
他喜歡游泳但不喜歡今天跟你一塊去游泳。
stop talking, please. let’s begin our class.
不要說了,咱們開始上課。
after finishing reading, he went on to do his homework.
看完書后,他繼續做作業。
②由兩部分組成的東西常用復數形式,作主語時謂語動詞用復數;量詞是pair,當量詞出現在主語中時,謂語動詞的單復數與量詞保持一致。常用的名詞有:shoes鞋子, boots靴子, slippers拖鞋, sneakers膠底鞋, socks襪子, stockings長筒襪,jeans牛仔褲, pants褲子, shorts短褲, trousers褲子, eyes眼睛,ears耳朵,compasses圓規, chopsticks筷子, glasses眼鏡。
my glasses are broken. i will buy a new pair.
我的眼鏡爛了,我要買一副新的。
注意:
當由兩部分組成的東西的名詞再吃出現時用代詞替代,但如果數詞出現時則用pair替代,單數用pair,復數用pairs。
learning about language
重點詞語及短語解析
1. particular adj. 特別的,特殊的
she took particular care not to overcook the meat.
她特別小心不把肉烹調過火。
詞語拓展
(1)be particular about / over 對……特別講究的、挑剔的
she is very particular about what she wears.
她對衣著很講究。
(2)in particular尤其,特別= particularly
the whole meal was good but the wine is excellent in particular.
整頓飯都很好,尤其是葡萄酒更好。
(3)particularity n.
2. occasion n.時刻、時候、場合、機會,前邊常用on后邊常接for 。
this is not an occasion for laughter.
這不是笑的時候。
詞語拓展
occasional adj. 偶爾的,偶然的
there will be occasional showers during the day.
白天將偶有陣雨。
occasionally adv.
3. pretend v假裝
the time has come to stop pretending!
夠了,別在裝蒜了!
she pretended (that) she was not at home when we rang the door bell.
我們按門鈴時她假裝不在家。
he pretended to be eating dumplings.
他假裝正在吃餃子。
he pretended illness as an excuse.
他假裝有病以為借口。x k b 1 . c o m
單元語法解析
1. v-ing形式作表語
v-ing形式包括動名詞和現在分詞,二者都可作表語。例如:
our job is playing all kinds of music.
我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。(動名詞)
the music they are playing sounds so exciting.
他們演奏的音樂是如此令人興奮。(現在分詞)
注:一般來講,動名詞(短語)作表語,可和主語位置互換。如:
playing all kinds of music is our job.
演奏各種音樂是我們的工作。
但現在分詞作表語,表明的是主語的性質特征,主語和表語位置不可互換。
2. v-ing形式作定語
v-ing形式作定語可以表示:
(1)所修飾詞的用途(動名詞)
a waiting room(= a room for waiting)候車室
a walking stick(=a stick for walking)手杖
(2)所修飾的詞正在進行的動作,可以換成定語從句形式(現在分詞)。
a waiting man(=a man who is waiting)正在等待的男人
a sleeping child(=a child who is sleeping)正在睡覺的孩子
a walking man(=a man who is walking)正在散步的男人
注意:
v-ing形式包括現在分詞和動名詞,它們的形式相同,都可作定語,但兩者之間是有差別的。現在分詞作定語時,它和被修飾的詞之間有一種邏輯上的主謂關系,即被修飾的詞執行現在分詞所表示的這個動作,相當于一個定語從句。而動名詞作定語時,與被修飾的詞之間沒有這種關系,它僅表示一種用途,作“供作……用”解,相當于一個for的介詞短語。
3. v-ing形式作賓語補足語
v-ing形式作賓語補足語,主要用在某些動詞:see, hear, notice, watch, keep, find, get, have, feel等后,與一個名詞(或代詞)構成復合賓語。這時v-ing形式和句子的賓語之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關系,并且v-ing形式表示賓語正在進行的動作。例如:
(1)he saw a girl getting on the tractor.(= he saw a girl and she was getting on the tractor.)
他看見一個女孩正往拖拉機上爬。
(2)do you hear someone knocking at the door?
有人敲門,你聽見了嗎?
巧記:
情感動詞很出奇,“令人……的”用ing。
情感后的聲情言和動,常用ed分詞來作定。新 課 標第 一 網
妙解:
情感動詞please 使高興,satisfy令人滿意,worry , excite , interest , astonish使驚奇,surprise, delight使高興,depress使憂愁、使沮喪; disappoint 使失望,discourage使泄氣,embarrass 使尷尬,encourage 鼓勵,frustrate使沮喪; tire 使討厭、使勞累,frighten 使恐怖,threaten威脅,move 使感動,touch使感動,inspire鼓舞,puzzle使迷惑,shock使震驚,scare(恐嚇),stress使緊張、使有壓力等,它們的分詞都變成了形容詞,可作表語、定語、補語,現在分詞常譯成“令人……的”但有三個較特殊即pleasing, satisfying,scaring一般不用,因為它們本身有形容詞pleasant, satisfactory, scary;某種情感產生后所發出的聲音、所說的話、所發出的動作、臉上的表情都用過去分詞作定語。
典例:
⑴after seeing the moving film , she was greatly moved to tears .
看了那部動人的電影后,她被感動得流下了熱淚。
⑵she was greatly frightened after hearing a frightening cry, then she let out a frightened cry.
聽到恐怖的喊聲她感到十分恐懼,而后發出恐怖的喊聲。
⑶hearing the encouraging news, the students gave out excited shout .
聽到令人振奮的消息后,同學們興奮地大喊起來。
⑷his excited expression suggested that he had got exciting marks .
臉上興奮的表情表明了他取得了令人興奮的好成績。
using language
重點詞語及短語解析
1. joke
(1) n. 笑話,玩笑;使人好笑的情形:make a joke about sb. or sth.戲弄某人或某事;have a joke with sb.與某人說笑話;play a joke on sb. about sth.拿某事來戲弄某人
詞語拓展
jokingly adv. = in joke = as a joke 開玩笑地
the joke of the school學校里的笑柄
(2)vi.開玩笑
i am only joking.
我只是在開玩笑。
he is always joking.
他老是愛開玩笑。
joker 愛開玩笑的人
2. fly n. 蒼蠅;butterfly蝴蝶, dragonfly蜻蜓
詞語拓展
vi. 飛( flew flown )fly to beijing飛往北京
flight n.飛行,航班
in flight; a non-stop flight from paris to new york從巴黎到紐約的直達航班;
vt.放飛:fly a kite放風箏; fly a model plane放飛機模型
3. last adj.最后的,以前的
the last sunday in june六月的最后的一個星期六; the last time i saw you上次我見到你的時候;he is the last but one in the his class.
他是班內倒數第二名。
the night before last (night)前天夜里
adv. 最后;最后一次
i will speak last at the meeting.
我將在會上最后發言。
she was quite well when i last saw her.
我上次見到她時她很健康。
詞語拓展
at last 最終,最后
last vi.持續,延續
my money can last me two weeks.
我的錢夠花兩個周。
ever-lasting adj.持久的
高中英語必修4 Unit3重點詞語及短語解析 篇2
高中英語必修4 unit5重點詞語及短語解析
unit 5 theme parks
warming up,pre-reading,reading
重點詞語及短語解析
1.theme n.主題
love and loneliness are universal themes.愛情和孤獨是普遍性主題。
i have to write a short passage on the theme of pollution.
我得寫一篇以污染為主題的短文。
the theme of today's talk is envlronmental -protection.
今天討論的主題是環境保護。
詞匯辨析
theme/subject/title/topic
theme一般指論文、演講、音樂等的主題。
subject指學習、攻讀的科目或研修科目;
title 一般指書名或電影名稱、文章的標題、歌曲名、稱號、頭銜等。
topic指供討論的話題。
2. amuse
(1) vt. 使發笑;使高興,使開心
the joke amused everybody.
這個笑話把大家都逗笑了。
how do you amuse yourself over your holiday?
休假時你怎么消遣?
the new toy kept the baby amused for a whole day.
(2) vt.使某人消遣
these toys will help to keep the baby amused.
這些玩具能讓這個嬰兒一直很快樂。
they amu.sed themselves by looking at old photographs.
他們以看舊照片消遣。
詞語拓展
amusement n. 消遣
amused adj. 被逗樂的
amusing adj. 逗人發笑的
3.various.=a variety of各種各樣的;種種的;
various colors;various reasons
she took the job for various reasons.
她由于種種原因接受了這個工作。
the girls come from a variety of different backgrounds.
姑娘們的出身背景各異。
4.come true (愿望)實現;(夢想)成真
不及物動詞短語,無被動語態。
the age-long dream of the chinese dream has come true.
中國人民長期以來的夢想已經實現了
his words came true.
他實現諾言。
5.unique adj. 獨一無二的;獨特的;難得的;特別的
each person’s fingerprints are unique.
每個人的指紋是獨一無二的。
he is the only man english teacher in our school.
他是我們學校唯一的一名男英語老師。
注意:
unique用在單數名詞前,它前面通常用a. only 用在單數名詞前它前面通常用the.
句子解析
1.whichever and whatever you like ,there is a theme park for you!
無論你喜歡什么,無論你喜歡哪一個,都會有一個適合你的主題公園。
whoever無論誰;whenever無論什么時候;however fast;however high無論怎樣快、怎樣高
whoever breaks the law;he or she must be punished.
無論誰違反法律都要受到懲罰。
i’d like to see you whenvere it is convenient to you.
在你方便的時候我想和你見個面。
however high you jump,you will fall down to the ground.
無論你跳多高,你總要落到地上。
2.with all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a disneyland.
有這么多吸引人的東西,難怪無論在哪里只要有迪斯尼樂園,旅游業在增加。
(1)no wonder…難怪……;怪不得……=it is no wonder tha…
it is no wonder that you can’t sleep when you eat so much.
你吃這么多難怪睡不著。
(2)it is a wonder that+從句,令人驚奇的是……
it is a wonder that he came here so early this morning.
他今天早晨到得這么早,真是怪事.
wherever無論哪里;無論什么地方;
(3)you must come to a full stop,wherever you find a stop sign.
無論哪里只要你發現停止標志,你必須完全停下來。
wherever there is plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.
無論哪里只有有充沛的陽光和雨水,田野就會綠油油。
wherever you find high wages, you will generally find high prices.
3.come to dollywood to have fun learning all about america’s historical southeastern culture!
(你)要想玩得開心到迪斯尼樂園來吧,同時可以了解到美國南部的歷史文化。
to have不定式表示目的。
have fun玩得開心,過得愉快; fun不可數名詞意思是:有趣的經歷(活動);令人興奮的經歷(活動);嬉戲;樂趣;享樂。
learning all about…現在分詞表示伴隨;說明在玩得愉快的同時也了解到了美國南部的文化;與句子主語you呈現主動關系。
the children were having so much fun, i hated to call htem inside.
孩子們玩得正開心,我舍不得不他們叫進來。
why don’t you come with us? it’ll be great/good fun.
為什么不跟我們一塊來呢?會玩得很痛快的。
the kids at school always made fun of jill’s clothes.
學校里的孩子總嘲笑吉爾的衣服。
learning about language
重點詞語及短語解析
1.prepare (sth) for…把……準備好; 使某人為……作好準備
i am preparing (a speech) for the meeting on thursday.
我正為周四的會議作準備。
you must prepare (everything) for the trip .
你必須為這次旅行作好準備。
two years ago all the athletes were prepraring (themselves) for the 29th olympics.
they are busy preparing to go on holidy.
sb. be prepared for sth. 愿意做某事;準備應付某事;=be/get ready for…
how much is he prepared to pay for the furniture?
i am prepared to do the work.
don’t bother him. he is preparing for the final examation.
2.news came that brain’s old king had died without a son.
有消息說不列顛的老國王去世了沒有后代.
這是一個常見的句型,是個同位語從句,因為that從句太長而謂語動詞 came太短的緣故.
news( =word )gets out/around that liuxiang’s foot is broken and can’t go to the match.
人們聽說劉翔的腳傷了結果不能參加這次比賽了.
3.come across偶遇;偶然發現(不用被動語態)
i had never come across a person like him.
我從來沒見過像他那樣的人.
don’t stop to look up every new word that you come across when you read.
當你讀書時不要停下來去查你所遇到的沒個生詞
your point really came across at the meeting.
大家確實理解你在大會上的觀點。(come across另外一個意思是被人理解,不用被動語態)
4.make him king.使他成為國王
(1)make 使……成為……;接雙賓語
(2)表示正式的或獨一無二的頭銜/職位的名詞前不用冠詞。
who was made captain of your team?
單元語法解析
復合詞、派生詞和詞類轉化
1.復合詞
(1)合成名詞:有兩個或兩個以上的詞組合而成,有的有連字符:有的沒有連字符。
fashionshow時裝表演;heartbeat心臟跳動;paperback平裝書;paperboy報童;dreamland夢境,夢鄉,理想世界;safety belt安全帶;flower shop鮮花店。
(2)合成動詞:baby-sit臨時替他人照顧(孩子);brain-wash對……進行洗腦;chain-smoke一根接一根的抽煙;hard-boil把……煮老或到一定程度;sleep-walk在睡覺中走路。
spring-clean; pin-point;window-shop;house-hunt; house-keep
(3)合成形容詞:
形容詞+形容詞:bitter-sweet苦樂參半的,甜蜜又辛酸的;deaf-mute又聾又啞的。
形容詞/副詞+ing:good-looking長相好看的;easy-going脾氣隨和的,溫和的;hard-working 勤勞的。
形容詞/副詞 +ed:well-known眾所周知的; newly-born新誕生的。
名詞+形容詞:grassgreen草綠色的;duty-free免稅的,免稅商品。
名詞+ing分詞:ocean-going行駛外洋的,遠洋航行的; mouth-watering誘人的。
名詞+ed分詞:hand-made手工制作的;man-made人工制作的。
形容詞+名詞+ed分詞:kind-heared熱心腸的,心底善良的;absent-minded心不在焉的。
2.派生詞
派生詞是由詞根詞加上前綴或后綴構成的,一般來講前綴表示詞的意義。
(1)表示否定的常見的有:un-;non-;in-;dis-。如:unfair;disloyal;inexact; nonsmoker。
(2)表示相反的:discover;decrease;uncover;counterattack。
(3)表示錯誤或適當的:misjudge;misdirect;maltreat。
(4)表示程度、大小的:supermarket,miniskirt,overeat。
后綴具有較強的語法作用,多數情況下后綴不改變詞意而決定詞性。
(1)動詞變名詞:-ation,-ment,-al,-er,-ee,-age,-ness, -ity使……化;- ism……主義; -ist……者/家。例如:movement運動;arrival到達;cooker炊具happiness幸福; boyhood童年;impression印象;friendship友誼; handfull一捧的量; idealism理想注意;interviewee被采訪者;interview采訪者;electrcity電;reality現實。
(2)名詞、形容詞變成動詞:-ify, -ize,-en。例如:widen加寬;enable;使……能做;realize意識到,實現;beautify美化;electrify使……電氣化,使……通電。
(3)名詞變成形容詞,常見的后綴:-y, -ish, -some,-ous,-less,- ful,-ward。例如:foolish愚蠢的;humourous幽默的;faultless完美無缺的,無錯誤的;downward向下的。
3.詞性轉化
我們要注意詞性的轉化,決大部分動詞既是及物動詞又是不及物動詞;相當一部分名詞可以動用。
(1)she is always walking her dog befor breakfast.
飯前她總是溜溜狗。(及物動詞)
(2)he likes walking after supper.
他喜歡飯后散散步。(不及物動詞)
(3)the river flooded several villages.
洪水淹沒了好幾個村莊。(名詞動用)
(4)he dared not to face me if he said so.
他不敢面見我如果他這樣說的話。
using languange
重點詞語及短語解析
1.experience不可數名詞:經驗;閱歷
my past /personal experience told me that none of my students prepared their lessons.
我個人的/過去的經驗告訴我沒有一個學生預習功課。
可數名詞:經歷
it was a bad/dreadful/strange/unforgetable/for me to go hiking around the city alone last summer.
去年夏天我一個人環城徒步旅行是個難忘的經歷。
children need to experience things for themselves to learn from them.
兒童需要自己經歷事情以便從中學習.
experienced adj.經驗豐富的;有經驗的
he is an experienced teacher;that’s to say,he is experiecnec in teaching.
他是個有經驗是老師,也就是說在教學方面他很有經驗。
類似的還有:skilled有技術的;gifted有天賦的;born天生的;learned博才多學的;aged上了年紀的。
2.survive v. (經歷事故、戰爭或疾病等災難后)活下來、幸存、幸免于難;(東西)保存下來;從困難 中挺過來;掙扎著活下去
only 12 of the 140 passengers survived the airplaincrash.
140名乘客中只有12人幸免于難。
the poor man may not survive this winter.
那個可憐老人可能活不過冬天.
only three of his books survived after the fire
大火后他的書只剩下三本了。
3.take part in參加某種活動、競賽并在其中發揮作用或負責任。
more than 500 athltetes took part in the 29th olympics in beijing
500多名運動員參加了第29屆北京奧林匹克運動會。
he took no part in the two battles of napolin’s.
他沒有參加拿破倫的那兩次戰役。
詞義辨析
join/jion sb./jion sb. in doing sth/attend sth
join a party/a union/an organization/a army/a class參加某種團體、組織、黨派并成為成員之一
when did you join the leage youth? 你什么時候加入少先隊的?
join sb in sth/doing sth.和某人一道做事、活動
will you join (us) in discussing the problem?
你愿意和我們一道討論該問題嗎?
attend a meeting/a conference參加/出席會議;attend a wedding參加婚禮;attend sb’s funeral出席某人的葬禮
attend a lecture/a talk 聽演講/報告;attend school/church上學,去做禮拜
he didn’t attend our wedding.
他沒有參加我的婚禮
his father joined the red army when he was 14 years old.
當他十四歲的時候他的父親參加了紅軍。
4.advance; in advance; advanced
(1)advance動詞(人、馬緩慢而堅定地)前行;推進;(科學技術等)發展、進步、進展
i often saw troops advancing past our village in those days.
當時我經常看到有部隊經過我們村向前開去。
our understanding of human genetics has advancdd considerably
我們對人類遺傳學的理解有了很大的進展。
(2)in advance(固定短語)(時間上)預先;提前
he returned from the us three months in advance.
他提前三個月從美國回來了。
i should warn you in advance,we may not achieve our goal.
我得預先提醒你,我們也有可能實現不了我們的目標。
(3)advanced 高級的,先進的;advanced weapon先進武器;advanced maths高等數學;advanced learner of english英語高階學習者。
5.beyond
(1)adv. 在更遠處;往更遠處;在那邊
they crossed the mountains and headed for the valleys beyond.
他們越過群山向那邊的山谷行進。
(2)遲于某個時間或日期
what changes are waiting for us in the year XX8 and beyond?
XX年及其以后還會有什么在等著我們呢?
(3)prep.(與空間詞連用時)在(向)……那一邊;越過……
our school is beyond the tallest building.
我們學校在那個最高樓的那一邊。
(4)(與時間名詞連用時)遲于某個時間或日期
his birthparty went on until beyond midnitht.
他的生日宴會進行到半夜以后。
(5)超出……的程度、范圍
the light switch was beyond the child’s reach.
燈開關在孩子夠不著的地方。
the town centre had changed beyond all recognition
市中心變化很大認不出來了。
句子解析
1.opened in 1987,fuutroscope is one of the largest space-age parks in the world.
未來預測園,建于1987年,是目前世界上非常現代化的主題公元之一。
opened in 1987是非限制性過去分詞短語作定語,說明、解釋公園的有關情況,可以放在句首、句中、句尾。它相當于一個非限制性定語從句:which was opened to the public in 1987.
例如:lu xun ’s real name is zhou shuren , known as a writer.
魯迅,著名的作家,其真正的名字是周樹人。
2.the amazing ,up-to-date informatiion together with many opportunities for hands-on learning makes the world come to life in a completely new way for visttors.
這些讓人驚訝的最新的信息加上大量動手實踐的機會,讓世界以一種全新的方式展現在游客面前。
(1) 這是個簡單句,除去修飾成分后就成為:the information makes the worl come to life.
這些信息讓世界顯示出生機。
amazing 令人驚訝的; up-to-date 形容詞;參考課后注釋;
(2) together with many opportunities for hands-on learning 是介詞短語作后置定語,因此謂語動詞makes用單數形式與主語information相一致。
類似的用法還有:as well as…;but; except; along with; together with;rather than;as much as …
nobody but one teacher and three students was in the laboratary.
只有一個老師和三個學生在實驗室里。
mary, along with her sisters,attends the conference regularly.
瑪麗還有她的兩個姐姐定時參加會議.
(3) opportunities to do sth.或者opporunities for (doing) sth.
an opportunity for meeting important people接觸重要人物的機會
(4) make the world come to life=bring the world to life
come to life是不及物動詞詞組:蘇醒過來;活躍起來;變得生動、有趣。
bring sth to life.是及物動詞詞組; 使……蘇醒過來;使……活躍起來;使……變得生動、有趣。
the game really came to life in the second half.
下半場比賽變得很刺激。
spring is here and everything comes to life.
春天來了,萬物復蘇。
her songs bring our history to life again.
她的歌曲又一次重現了我們的歷史.
3.future oscope has many excellent hotels nearby, most of which provide a shutlle service to the park.
觀察未來主題園附近有好多非常好的旅店,其中的大部分給公園提供汽車往返服務。
most of which…是非限制性定語從句, most的前面的逗號很關鍵,要格外注意。否則就用人稱代詞most of them。which 指代的是many excellent hotels,因此provide用復數動詞形式。
he has large numbers of close friends, only five of whom are scientists.
他有好多好多要好的朋友,可只有5個是科學家。
he has thousands of books, most of which are written in chinese.
他有成千上萬本書,但大部分都是用中文寫的.
4.come ready to walk a lot—be sure to wear some comfortable sneakers or other walking shoes.
來的時候要作好多走路的準備——務必穿上舒服的運動鞋或別的適合走路的鞋子。
ready to walk a lot 形容詞短語作狀語,放在句首或句尾,相當于一個狀語從句。
例如:your friend comes to school very upset.
你的朋友經常來到學校,心情很沮喪。
he went home,full of fear all the way.
他回家了,一路上滿心恐懼。
he stood against a tree,unable to move.
他靠著一棵樹戰著,不能動彈。