Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.
⑵his daughter is going to be married an engineer.
a. with b. for c. to d. /
五、語法:
“過去完成時”闖關
★過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成的動作,它表示動作發生的時間是“過去的過去”,它是一種相對的時態,即其相對于一般過去時,沒有一般過去時就沒有過去完成時,如圖解:
★過去完成時由“助動詞had(had用于各種人稱)+ 動詞的過去分詞”構成
【第1關】用動詞的正確時態填空:
by the time he was ten, he (set) up a lab of his own.
【融會貫通】表示過去某一時間或動作以前已經完成的動作,可以用by, before, by the end of等介詞短語或by the time引導一個時間狀語從句來表示。應填寫:had set。
又如:i had seen you before you saw me. 在你看到我之前,我早已看到你了。
【第2關】用動詞的正確時態填空:
he said she (work) in a foreign company for five years before she (become) an english teacher.
【融會貫通】在賓語從句中,主句謂語動詞為一般過去時(said, asked, told),從句用過去完成時,此時從句中的動作發生在主句的動作之前。應填寫:had worked; became。
又如:the teacher asked me what had happened to me.老師問我發生了什么事。
【第3關】改錯:
when we got there, the movie had begun for almost twenty minutes.
【融會貫通】表示從過去某一時間開始,持續到過去某一時間的動作或狀態。常與for引導的一段時間連用。
注意:此時謂語動詞只能用延續性動詞。所以句中had begun應改為had been on。
又如:i had worked for three hours when he called. 當他打電話時,我已經工作了三個小時了。
【第4關】用動詞的正確時態填空:
paul helped me repair the bike that i (ride) for two years.
【融會貫通】在含有定語從句的主從復合句中,如果敘述的是過去的事,先發生的動作常用過去完成時。應填寫:had ridden。
又如:i returned the books that i had borrowed last week. 我已經還了上周借的書。
【第5關】用動詞的正確時態填空:
i didn’t get to the airport until the plane (take) off.
【融會貫通】由連詞after, until引導的復合句中,如果主句謂語動詞和從句謂語動詞所表示的過去動作不是同時發生的,那么先發生的動作通常用過去完成時表示。應填寫:had taken。