Unit10BythetimeIgotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.
一.學習目標(language goal)
1.learn to narrate past events.學會描述過去所發生的事情。
2.learn to express something with past perfect tense. 學習使用過去完成時態。
3.strengthen the consciousness of doing things regularly.做事加強連續性,有條不紊。
二.語言結構(language structures)
1.past perfect tense 過去完成時
2.“by the time”和“when”引導的時間狀語從句
三.目標語言(target language)
1.by the time she got up, her brother had already gone into the bathroom.
2.by the time she went outside, the bus had already gone
3.by the time she got to class, the teacher had already started teaching.
4.when she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home
5.have you ever overslept?
6.have you ever been late for school?
四.重點詞組(key phrases)
1.by the time 到…時候為止
2.get outside 到外邊
3.get to school 到學校
4.get up 起床
5.get into the shower 去洗澡
6.get home 到家
7.start doing / to do sth 開始做某事
8.be late for 遲到
9.go off (鬧鐘)鬧響
10.wake up 醒來
11.come out 出來,出現
12.run off 迅速離開,跑掉
13.on time 準時
14.in time 及時
15.come by (走)過來
16.give sb a ride 讓某人搭車
17.break down 損壞,壞掉
18.show up 出席,露面
19.stay up 熬夜
20.a costume party 一個化裝舞會
21.sth happen to sb 某事發生在某人身上
22.so …that … 如此…以至于
23.set off 出發,開始
24.april fool's day 愚人節
25.get married 結婚
26.marry sb 與某人結婚
27.both …and … 二者…都…
28.get dressed 穿好衣服
29.on the first day 在第一天
五.語法重點(grammar focus)
1.past perfect tense 過去完成時
構成:had+過去分詞(had沒有人稱和數的變化)
過去完成時可以表示過去某一時刻或某一動作之前完成的動作或呈現的狀態。也就是說發生在“過去的過去”。既然過去完成時的動作發生在過去某一時間之前,那么,使用過去完成時就必須先有這樣一個過去的時間。
eg.i had finished my homework before supper.
我在晚飯前把作業做完了。
句中的supper既是過去某一時間,而had finished 這一動作就是在supper 之前完成的。如果只說i had finished my homework.聽者會覺得難以理解。由此可見,過去完成時是個相對的時態,它不能離開過去的時間而獨立存在。
eg.by the end of that year henry had collected more than one thousand foreign stamps.
到那年年底,亨利已經收集了一千多張外國郵票。(過去時間是the end of that year)
eg.when we got there, the football match had already started.
當我們到那里時,足球比賽已經開始了。(過去時間是when從句)
動詞過去分詞的構成與一般過去式的構成相似,一般情況下在動詞詞尾加-ed,特殊動詞須特殊記憶,如:have—had—had,get—got—gotten,begin—began—begun,leave—left—left,go—went—gone等。例如: