Unit 1 The night of the horse知識點及練習題
b.表示過去發生的某個動作持續到現在。常與since(自從)，for(長達),in the last few days(在過去的幾天中)，in the past few years(在過去的幾年中)等。
e.g. he has been here for half an hour.
lisa has read five books since the end of the last month.
注意：（1）其中already用于肯定句，否定句則要改成yet,用于句末。never表否定，改成一般疑問句要用ever。
e.g. i have already had my breakfast.
have you had your breakfast yet?
he has never been to america.
has he ever been to america?
(2 ). since后接時間點，而for 后接時間段，兩者都必須和持續性動詞連用。
e.g. we have lived here since 1997.
they have worked as guards for three weeks.
3.“have/has been to+地點”表示“曾經去過某地”，現在已經回來，不在該地了；
“have/has gone to+地點”表示“已去了某地”，可能在途中也可能還在目的地。
“ have/has been in+地點” 表示“呆在某地多久”
4. 瞬間動詞用一般過去時， 持續性動詞用現在完成時。兩者可互相轉化。 例如：
(1）i borrowed the book a week ago.
==i have kept the book for a week.
(2) he left china a month ago.
== he has been away from china for a month.
(3) my brother joined the army a year ago.
== my brother has been a soldier for a year.
== my brother has been in the army for a year.
練習
1. since or for
_____ a year ; _____ a year ago ; ______ last year; ______ 2:00;
_____ he left school; ______ a moment; _____ nov.12,; ______1987
2. give the correct form of the verbs in brackets
1) i ______(throw) away the broken glasses already.
2) he _____(collect) stamps since he ______(be) seven years old.
3) -----______ your sister _____(arrive) yet?
-----yes, she has.
----- when _____ she _____(arrive)?
----- she _____(arrive) two hours ago.
4) since then many people _____ (give) interest in this report.
5) we _____(just come) back from india.
3. ( ) a: where is xiao li?
b: he _______ to beijing on business. he _____ home this morning.
a. has been, has left b. has gone, left c. went, left d. is going, has left
4. ( ) in the past few years we _____ great progress with the help of the teachers.
a. have made b. made c. make d. are making
5. ( ) which of the following sentences is correct?
a. he has borrowed the book for a week.
b. tom has joined the army since he was eighteen.