2018屆中考英語語法匯總

　　3. 提供幫助的let …在句中的使用
　　例：let me help you . 讓我來幫助你吧。
　　let me carry the box . 讓我來拿這個大盒子吧。
　　4. 祈使句的否定形式：直接在句首加上don’t。
　　例：don’t throw it like that . 不要像那樣子扔它。
　　please don’t open this box . 請不要打開這個盒子
　　（二）there be句型
　　1. there be句型在句中的使用。
　　肯定陳述句：
　　（1）there is a picture on the wall .
　　（2）there are some hills in the picture .
　　否定陳述句：
　　（1）there isn’t a picture on the wall .
　　（2）there aren’t any hills in the picture .
　　疑問句及簡略回答：
　　（1）is there a bird in that three ? yes , there is . no , there isn’t .
　　（2）are there any books on the table ?
　　2. 對there be句型的分析
　　（1）there be句型表示“有”，there是引導詞，be是謂語動詞。
　　（2）在there be句型中，謂語be隨后面的主語變化而變化，取得人稱和數的一致。
　　3. 關于there be句型的幾個例子。
　　例：there is a new e-mail in the mailbox . 在郵箱里有一封新的電子郵件。
　　there aren’t any cups on the table . 在桌上沒有任何的茶杯。
　　are there any children in the garden ? 在花園里有孩子嗎？
　　there is a pen and some books on the desk . 在課桌上有一支筆和一些書。
　　一、 被動語態的用法：
　　1. 一般現在時的被動語態構成：is / am / are + 及物動詞的過去分詞
　　our classroom is cleaned everyday.
　　i am asked to study hard.
　　knives are used for cutting things.
　　2. 一般過去時的被動語態構成：was / were + 及物動詞的過去分詞
　　a new shop was built last year.
　　dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
　　3. 現在完成時的被動語態構成：has / have + been + 及物動詞的過去分詞
　　this book has been translated into many languages.
　　many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.
　　4. 一般將來時的被動語態構成：will+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
　　a new hospital will be built in our city.
　　many more trees will be planted next year.
　　5. 含有情態動詞的被動語態構成：情態動詞+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
　　young trees must be watered often.
　　your mistakes should be corrected right now.
　　the door may be locked inside.
　　your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
　　6. 現在進行時的被動語態構成：am / is / are + being + 及物動詞的過去分詞
　　uncle wang is mending my bike now.→
　　my bike is being repaired by tom now.
　　they are planting trees over there. →
　　trees are being planted over there by them.
　　7. 不定式的被動語態：to + be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
　　there are two books to be read. →
　　there are twenty more trees to be planted.
　　二、 怎樣把主動語態改成被動語態?