2018屆中考英語語法匯總

　　把主動語態改為被動語態非常簡單，可以遵循以下幾個步驟：
　　1. 先找出謂語動詞；
　　2. 再找出謂語動詞后的賓語；
　　3. 把賓語用作被動語態中的主語；
　　4. 注意人稱、時態和數的變化。
　　例：1. bruce writes a letter every week. →a letter is written by bruce every week.
　　2. li lei mended the broken bike this morning.→the broken bike was mended by li lei this morning.
　　3. he has written two novels so far.→two novels have been written by him so far.
　　4. they will plant ten trees tomorrow.→ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.
　　5. lucy is writing a letter now.→a letter is being written by lucy now.
　　6. you must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave.
　　三、 使用被動語態應注意的幾個問題：
　　1. 不及物動詞無被動語態。
　　what will happen in 100 years.
　　the dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.
　　2. 有些動詞用主動形式表示被動意義。
　　this pen writes well.
　　this new book sells well.
　　3. 感官動詞或使役動詞使用省略to的動詞不定式，主動語態中不帶to ，但變為被動語態時，須加上to 。
　　例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something
　　see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something
　　a girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→my wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.
　　the boss made the little boy do heavy work.→the little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.
　　4. 如果是接雙賓語的動詞改為被動語態時，直接賓語(物)作主語，那么動詞后要用介詞，這個介詞是由與其搭配的動詞決定。
　　he gave me a book.→a book was given to me by him.
　　he showed me a ticket.→a ticket was shown to me by him.
　　my father bought me a new bike. →a new bike was bought for me by my father.
　　5. 一些動詞短語用于被動語態時，動詞短語應當看作一個整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。
　　we can’t laugh him. →he can’t be laugh by us.
　　he listens to the radio every day. →the radio is listened to by him every day.
　　the nurse is taking care of the sick man. →the sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.</ca>