Unit 5 Great People
while.
4. why do you do like this? because of _______.
a. the difference of the water temperature
b. the temperature
c. the water temperature
d. the water
5. you should feed your goldfish _______.
a. as much as it wants to eat.
b. many times
c. once a week
d. every day and only as much as it will eat right away.
【課后鞏固】
這一節(jié)課你學(xué)到了什么？把本節(jié)課地重要地單詞和短語寫下來。
單詞：
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短語：
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lesson 40: unit review
語態(tài)概述
一. 英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。英語中有兩種語態(tài):主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。
例如:many people speak chinese.
謂語:speak的動作是由主語many people來執(zhí)行的。
被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者,即行為動作的對象。例如:
chinese is spoken by many people.主語english是動詞speak的承受者。
二、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
被動語態(tài)由"助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞"構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。現(xiàn)以speak為例說明被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。
一般現(xiàn)在時:am/is/are+spoken
一般過去時:was/were+spoken
一般將來時:will/shall be+spoken
現(xiàn)在進行時:am/is/are being+spoken
過去進行時:was/were being+spoken
現(xiàn)在完成時:have/has been+spoken
過去完成時:had been + spoken
三、被動語態(tài)的用法
(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。
例如:some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。
(不知道電腦是誰偷的)
this bridge was founded in 1981.這座橋竣工于1981年。
(2)強調(diào)動作的承受者,而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。
例如:the glass was broken by mike.玻璃杯是邁克打破的。
this book was written by him.這本書是他寫的。
your homework must be finished on time.你們的家庭作業(yè)必須及時完成。
四、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法
(1)把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。
(2)把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)(be+過去分詞) (根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù),以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式)。
(3)把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語,將主格改為賓格。例如:
all the people laughed at him. he was laughed at by all people.
they make the bikes in the factory. the bikes are made by them in the factory.