2019年中考英語單詞分類復(fù)習(xí)策略1
[誤]please give me two waters.
[正]please give me two glasses of water.
[正]please give me two coffees.
[析]物質(zhì)名詞如要加計(jì)量時(shí),一定要加量詞,如:two cups of tea,two glasses of water,a glass of milk,a loaf of bread,
a piece of bread,a box of sugar,
a bowl of rice,a bottle of orange,
a bag of earth
例: i'll tell you a piece of good news.
但只有coffee可以用coffees來取代many cups of coffee.
[誤]can you give me the newspaper of today?
[正]can you give me today's newspaper?
[析]加's構(gòu)成所有格的名詞一般應(yīng)指有生命的人或物。如:mary's hair,但在英文的習(xí)慣用法中對(duì)時(shí)間、距離等名詞的所有格多用's來構(gòu)成而不用of結(jié)構(gòu)。如:a five minutes' walk.
[誤]please make a room for the lady in the school bus.
[正]please make room for the lady in the school bus.
[析]英語中更多的名詞是含有多種用法和多種含意的,
如: room為可數(shù)名詞時(shí)為"房間",如:i live in room 5.而room為抽象名詞時(shí)為空間上面一句話應(yīng)譯為"請(qǐng)給老婦人在校車上留個(gè)地方。"這樣的詞還有:glass 玻璃glasses 眼鏡stone 石頭a stone 一塊石頭time 時(shí)間two times 兩次wood 木頭woods 樹林
[誤]there is a flowers garden behind my house.
[正]there is a flower garden behind my house.
[析]名詞除了在句中作主語、賓語、表語外,還可以用來修飾另一個(gè)名詞,這時(shí)作修飾詞的名詞一般要用單數(shù)形式,如:shoe factory (鞋廠),post office(郵局),evening paper (晚報(bào)),night school (夜校),head master (校長(zhǎng)),a law school (法律學(xué)院)。但也有例外,如:a goods train(貨車),sports meeting (運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì))。
[誤]my mother bought two fishes for supper this morning.
[正]my mother bought two fish for supper this morning.
[析]英語中有些名詞單復(fù)同形,如:fish, deer, sheep, chinese (中國(guó)人), means (方法)。所以應(yīng)講one fish, two fish, one chinese, two chinese. 如果講there are five fishes in the pool.應(yīng)譯為池中有五種魚而不是五條魚。
[誤]mary expressed her thank to her boy friend.
[正]mary expressed her thanks to her boy friend.
[析]英語中有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式,如: thanks, greens, 而有些詞單數(shù)形式與復(fù)數(shù)形式有不同的詞意。如:clothes 為衣服,而cloth則是布, sand沙子,而sands是沙灘。
[誤]i offered my son my congratulation on his success.
[正]i offered my son my congratulations on his success.
[析]英語中表示祝賀的詞雖有單數(shù)形式,但一般要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。如握手為shake hands.
[誤]we have five german in this meeting.
[正]we have five germans in this meeting.
[析]英國(guó)人englishman的復(fù)數(shù)形式為englishmen,而german 則要加s,因?yàn)樗皇怯蓢?guó)名與man的組合詞。
[誤]there are two as in this word.
[正]there are two a's in this word.