初中英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)提綱1
8、不定代詞：代替或修飾不特指的人或事物的代詞叫不定代詞。單數(shù)
含義
some
any
no
none
/
/
each
(every)
one
either,
neither
so
the other,
another復(fù)合不定代詞
不可數(shù)
含義
much
little,
a little
all
/
/
/
/
/
復(fù)數(shù)
含義
many
few,
a few
ones
both
others,
the others※ 注：復(fù)合不定代詞有12個(gè)：something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), anything(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(沒事),nobody(沒有人), no one(沒有人), everything(一切), everyone(每個(gè)人), everybody(每個(gè)人). (1)some和 any 的用法：some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“幾個(gè)”、“一些”、“某個(gè)”作定語時(shí)可修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。如：i have some work to do today. (今天我有些事情要做)/ they will go there some day.(他們有朝一日會(huì)去那兒) some 用于疑問句時(shí),表示建議、請(qǐng)求或希望得到肯定回答。如：would you like some coffee with sugar?(你要加糖的咖啡嗎？)any 一般用于疑問句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一個(gè)”,作定語時(shí)可修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。如：they didn’t have any friends here. (他們?cè)谶@里沒有朋友)/ have you got any questions to ask?(你有問題要問嗎？)any 用于肯定句時(shí),意思是“任何的”。come here with any friend.(隨便帶什么朋友來吧。)(2)no和none的用法：no是形容詞,只能作定語表示,意思是“沒有”,修飾可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù))或不可數(shù)名詞。如：there is no time left. please hurry up.(沒有時(shí)間了,請(qǐng)快點(diǎn)) / they had no reading books to lend.(他們沒有閱讀用書可以出借)none只能獨(dú)立使用,在句子中可作主語、賓語和表語,意思是“沒有一個(gè)人(或事物)”,表示復(fù)數(shù)或單數(shù)。如：none of them is/are in the classroom.(他們當(dāng)中沒有一個(gè)在教室里) / i have many books, but none is interesting.(我有很多的書,但沒有一本是有趣的) (3)all和both的用法：all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用來代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞；也可用來代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。both指兩個(gè)人或物,用來代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞。all和both在句子中作主語、賓語、表語、定語等。如：i know all of the four british students in their school.(他們學(xué)校里四個(gè)英國(guó)學(xué)生我全認(rèn)識(shí)) / --would you like this one or that one? –both.(你要這個(gè)還是那個(gè)？?jī)蓚�(gè)都要。)all和both既可以修飾名詞(all/both+(the)+名詞),也可以獨(dú)立使用,采用“all/both + of the +名詞(復(fù)數(shù))”的形式,其中的of 可以省略。如：all (of) (the) boys are naughty.(是男孩都調(diào)皮)(4)every和each用法：every是形容詞,只能作定語修飾單數(shù)名詞,意思是“每一個(gè)”,表示整體概念；each是形容詞、代詞,可用作主語、賓語、定語等,意思是“每個(gè)”或者“各個(gè)”,表示單個(gè)概念；each可以放在名詞前,可以后跟of短語,與動(dòng)詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)時(shí)要放在“be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”之后或者行為動(dòng)詞之前every和each都用作單數(shù)理解,但是下文中既可以用單數(shù)的代詞(如he/him/his)也可以用復(fù)數(shù)的代詞(如they/them/their)替代。如：every one of the students in his class studies very hard.(他班上每個(gè)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)都很用功) / they are very busy. each of them has something to do.(他們很忙,人人都有事干)