初一至初三全程英語知識點總結及練習(初三年級(上))
4. since/ for
(1) since用于完成時態,既能用作介詞,也能用作連詞,后常接時間點,意思是“自從”。 例如:
he has been a worker since he came into this city.自從他來到這個城市,他就是工人了。
i have never seen him since we last met in shanghai .自從我們上次在上海見過之后我再也沒見過他。
since作連詞,還有“既然”的意思。例如: since you are interested in it, just do it. 既然你對它感興趣,那就做吧。 you can have fun now since you’ve finished your work.既然你已經做完了功課,就開心玩會兒吧。
(2) for用于完成時,用作介詞,后常接一段時間,意思是“經過…”。例如: i have learned english for five years.我已經學了五年英語了。they have waited for you for 30 minutes.他們已經等了你三十分鐘了。
for也可以用作連詞,但意思是“因為”。 例如: they missed the flight for they were late.他們由于完到了而誤了航班。he fell ill for many reasons.他由于多種原因病倒了。
5. neither/ either/ both
(1) neither作代詞是對兩者都進行否定,意思為“兩者都不”,作主語時謂語動詞用單數.例如:neither of the boys is from england.這兩個男孩都不是來自英國。i know neither of them. 他們兩個我都不認識。
neither用作形容詞,也修飾單數名詞,意思與作代詞時相同;用作連詞時,一般與nor搭配,表示 “既不…也不”。作主語時,謂語動詞也遵循就近原則。 例如:she neither ate nor drank yesterday. 她昨天既不吃也不喝。neither he nor we play football on sundays. 他和我們星期天都不踢球。
(2) either作代詞時,是指兩者中的任意一方,(兩者之)每一個,故作主語時謂語動詞用單數.
例如:either of the books is new.這兩本書任何一本都是新的.
she doesn’t like either of the films.這兩部電影她都不喜歡.
either作形容詞, 用來修飾單數名詞,意思與作介詞時相同.
例如:either school is near my home. (這兩所學校中的)任何一所學校都離我家很近.
either question is difficult.兩個問題(中的任何一個)都難.
either作連詞時,一般與or搭配,表示兩者選其一,意思是“不是…就是”。作主語時,謂語動詞遵循就近原則。
either he or i am right.不是他就是我是對的。
either my sister or my parents are coming to see me.不是我姐姐就是我父母要來看我。
(3) both作代詞時,指的是所涉及到的“兩者都”, 故作主語時,謂語動詞用復數形式。
i like both of the stories.這兩個故事我都喜歡。both of my parents are teachers.我父母兩人都是老師。
both作形容詞時,用來修飾兩者,意思與作代詞時相同.both his arms are hurt.他的兩只胳膊都受傷了。
both these students are good at english. 這兩個學生都擅長英語。
both用作連詞時,多與and搭配,表示“既…又, 不僅…而且”, 作主語時,謂語動詞仍用復數形式。
both piano and violin are my bobbies.鋼琴和小提琴都是我的愛好。
they study both history and physics. 他們既學歷史,又學物理。