2019年中考英語備考名師精品資料――閱讀理解
擴大視距：要以意群為單位，注重對整句話的理解，擴大注視空間。
帶問題閱讀：先瀏覽短文后面的題目，做到心中有數，帶著目的去閱讀，以提高閱讀實效。
根據上下文猜測詞意：遇到生詞，要根據上下文線索和暗示、上下文的聯系、常識和經驗推斷或猜測詞意。
二、范例解析引路
例一：
one day, a doctor was looking over the eyesight of the young men who were ready to join the army. by jeff’s turn the doctor pointed to the eye chart（圖表）on the wall and said, “please read the top line, young man.”
“the top line of what?”
“the top line of the chart.”
“what chart?”
“the one on the wall.”
“where’s the wall?” jeff asked. at last the doctor thought the young man’s eyesight was too poor. he couldn’t join the army.
that evening the same young man was at the cinema when another man came and sat next to him. when the film was over and the lights went on, the young man found that it was the doctor who sat next to him. at once he said to the doctor, “excuse me, madam, but does this bus go to the museum street?”
judge the following sentences true (t) or false (f).
1. the young man hoped to be a soldier.
2. at first the doctor believed what the young man had said.
3. the young man’s eyesight was really weak.
答案
1—3 ftf
解析
本題屬于閱讀理解正誤判斷題。從文章的選材來看，是一篇故事性的短文。內容大意是描寫一個叫jeff的年青人，他不想去服兵役，在體檢時假裝自己的視力不好而去欺騙醫生。醫生相信了他，因此他不能去參軍。而晚上在電影院時，jeff碰巧又遇到了醫生。jeff非常聰明，又用一句謊言而蒙混過關。此閱讀材料共設三道小題：
第一小題題干的意思是說這個年青人想當兵。文章中沒有一句話直接告訴考生這句話的答案是不對的，但從整個短文的意思來看，他是不喜歡參軍的，否則他也不能假裝視力不好。這道題屬于推理判斷題。
第二道小題，題干的意思是說醫生開始的時候相信了年青人的話。這道題屬于語義理解性題目，在短文中第六段中“at last the doctor thought the young man’s eyesight was too poor.”這句話中可以看出答案是正確的。
第三道小題意思是說這個年青人的視力真的不好。這道題的設題上屬于邏輯推理性題目，因為從文章的最后一段可知，他視力如果不好，就不可能去看電影，也不可能認出醫生來。本道題是閱讀理解中的第一篇，故事情節幽默，句子簡單易懂。難度不大，旨在緩和考生面對中考時的緊張情緒。考生在答題中先讀懂短文，理解短文的大意和脈絡，然后依據短文內容對試題后給出的句子進行是非判斷。同進，對每一道題進行判斷時，應從文章的具體段落和句子中找到判斷的依據，不能憑印象想當然。對有些似是而非的句子，一定要認真識別，只有完全符合文章意思的方可判定為正確。
例二：
people all over the world eat rice. millions of people in asia, africa, and south america live on it. some people eat almost nothing but rice. rice is a kind of grass. there are more than 7,000 kinds of rice. most kinds are water plants. farmers grow rice in many countries, even in the south of the united states and in eastern australia.