Unit 4 Inventions and Inventors
unit 4 inventions and inventors
【本講教育信息】
一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：
book 15 unit 4 (i)
學(xué)會(huì)用動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)描述物體的使用方法，構(gòu)成成份和功能作用。
二. 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：
1. 動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
2. 動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
3. 動(dòng)詞一般將來(lái)時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
4. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
5. 重點(diǎn)詞匯
三. 具體內(nèi)容：
（一）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，表示句子中的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞的承受者，也就是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法：
1）當(dāng)我們不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，或者沒(méi)有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，
e.g. printing was introduced into europe from china.
a new bridge will be built here next year.
2）當(dāng)我們關(guān)心動(dòng)作的承受者但也關(guān)心動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，用by加動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。
e.g. the town was destroyed by an earthquake.
英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。[來(lái)源:]
時(shí)態(tài)舉例：
1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：
football is played all over the world.
english is spoken in britain, the us and some other countries.
roger, you are wanted on the phone.
2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)：
the great hall of the people was built in 1959.
his leg was broken in an accident.
the international was written in 1871 by eugene potter, the french worker-poet.
3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí):
more schools will be built in my hometown.
he will be t aken to hospital tomorrow.
4. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
the meat should be kept in a fridge.
rice can be boiled or steamed.
this material must be handled carefully.
text:
the first paper was (make) in china in 105 ad by a man called cai lun. the oldest pieces of paper still existed were made in about 150 ad. for over 500 years the art of making paper was (limit) to china. in 610, papermaking was (introduce) into japan, and then into central asia in about the year 750. paper made its first appearance in egypt in about 800 but it was n ot (produce) there until the year 900.
kites (know) in china about 3,000 years ago. they were used in battles to transport supplies to soldiers who were in danger.
wheelbarrows (invent) in the han dynasty. they were used by builders to carry heavy supplies. in a battle, wheelbarrows were used to carry injured or dead soldiers.
gunpowder (discover) by the chinese who used it for making fireworks hundreds of years ago. it was probably introduced into europe from the middle east.