Unit 4 Inventions and Inventors（精選2篇）

Unit 4 Inventions and Inventors 篇1

　　unit 4 inventions and inventors

　　【本講教育信息】

　　一. 教學內容：

　　book 15 unit 4 (i)

　　學會用動詞的被動語態描述物體的使用方法，構成成份和功能作用。

　　二. 教學重點：

　　1. 動詞一般現在時被動語態。

　　2. 動詞一般過去時被動語態。

　　3. 動詞一般將來時被動語態。

　　4. 情態動詞的被動語態

　　5. 重點詞匯

　　三. 具體內容：

　　（一）被動語態是動詞的一種特殊形式，表示句子中的主語是動詞的承受者，也就是動作的對象。一般說來，只有需要動作對象的及物動詞才有被動語態。

　　被動語態的用法：

　　1）當我們不知道誰是動作的執行者時，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執行者時，

　　e.g. printing was introduced into europe from china.

　　a new bridge will be built here next year.

　　2）當我們關心動作的承受者但也關心動作的執行者時，用by加動作的執行者。

　　e.g. the town was destroyed by an earthquake.

　　英語動詞的被動語態由助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞構成。[來源:]

　　時態舉例：

　　1. 一般現在時：

　　football is played all over the world.

　　english is spoken in britain, the us and some other countries.

　　roger, you are wanted on the phone.

　　2. 一般過去時：

　　the great hall of the people was built in 1959.

　　his leg was broken in an accident.

　　the international was written in 1871 by eugene potter, the french worker-poet.

　　3. 一般將來時:

　　more schools will be built in my hometown.

　　he will be t aken to hospital tomorrow.

　　4. 情態動詞的被動語態

　　the meat should be kept in a fridge.

　　rice can be boiled or steamed.

　　this material must be handled carefully.

　　text:

　　the first paper  was    (make) in china in 105 ad by a man called cai lun. the oldest pieces of paper still existed were made in about 150 ad. for over 500 years the art of making paper was       (limit) to china. in 610, papermaking was          (introduce) into japan, and then into central asia in about the year 750. paper made its first appearance in egypt in about 800 but it was  n ot        (produce) there until the year 900.

　　kites         (know) in china about 3,000 years ago. they were used in battles to transport supplies to soldiers who were in danger.

　　wheelbarrows          (invent) in the han dynasty. they were used by builders to carry heavy supplies. in a battle, wheelbarrows were used to carry injured or dead soldiers.

　　gunpowder         (discover) by the chinese who used it for making fireworks hundreds of years ago. it was probably introduced into europe from the middle east.

　　umbrellas        (invent) by the chinese. they were made from oiled paper and bamboo. red and yellow umbrellas        (use) by higher class, and blue umbrellas were used by the common people.

　　soccer         (develop) in england in the 12th century. but hundreds of years before this-around 200 bc- a similar game        (play) at the beginning of the han dynasty in china.

　　magic squares are a very old type of number puzzle. they      (invent) in china before the end of the 1st century ad. in a magic square, no matter from which direction you add up the numbers, the result is the same.

　　ex. fill in the blanks with is, are.

　　camera         often used when people travel.

　　milk         had as main food for babies.

　　some advice        given by the professor.

　　bread           taken three times a day in this family.

　　the sheep         killed by a gang of wolves.

　　the ill teeth          taken out by the dentist.

　　the watches           made in swiss.

　　many people            hurt in the accident.

　　police          called at once by the 2 drivers.

　　（二）重點詞匯：

　　1. switch on

　　switch the light on, please.

　　the oven is programmed for the correct time and then switched on.

　　2. absorb

　　water is absorbed into the soil.

　　he was so absorbed by the book that he failed to hear the doorbell.

　　3. copy

　　this picture is a copy from xu beihong.

　　copy the following words into your exercise books.

　　4. make one’s appearance

　　she made her first stage appearance at the age of 16.

　　he has made a number of appearances on television.

　　5. turn into

　　the mi crowaves are absorbed by the food and they are turned into heat.

　　6. no matter

　　常與what, who, when, which, whose, how 連用

　　no matter when he comes again, he will be welcomed.

　　no matter who knocks, don’t open the door.

　　no matter what problem you have, turn to me.

　　no matter whose bag it is, it will be kept here until th e owner returns.

　　7. be made of/from

　　this bottle is made of glass.

　　the bag is made of cloth.

　　butter is from milk.

　　paper is made from trees.

　　8. be used for/by

　　a saw is used for cutting wood.

　　a microwave oven is used for heating food.

　　chalk is used by teachers.

　　this notebook was used by my mother.

　　［課堂練習］

　　用be used for/by  or  be make of/from 補全句子：

　　1. spoons and forks                      eating in the west.

　　2. greenhouse                                      keeping the vegetables warm.

　　3. bamboo                            chinese             writing characters.

　　4. you’d better use bags                 cloth instead of bags                       plastic.

　　5. the beautiful lights                        crystal glass.

　　6. soap                         animals’ oil.

　　句型轉換：

　　1. cai lun invented paper in 105 ad . （變成被動句）

　　2. people grow r ice in south china. （變成被動句）

　　3. china will hold the 29th olympic games .（變成被動句）

　　4. people must lock their bikes . （變成被動句）

　　5. gunpowder was discovered by the chinese. （變一般疑問句）

　　6. very few people will be killed in car accident in the future. （變否定句）

　　7. tea-drinking was first recorded in china about 2737 bc. （對畫線部分提問）

　　【本講教育信息】

　　一. 教學內容：

　　book 15 unit 4 (ii)

　　復習被動語態，學會使用被動語態描述事物的使用，構成和功能；學會用情態動詞表達懷疑，確定和可能。

　　二. 本周教學重點：

　　1. 復習被動語態

　　2. 情態動詞表達懷疑、確定和可能。

　　3. 重點詞匯

　　三. 具體內容：

　　（一）被動語態：

　　1. 一般現在時被動語態基本結構：

　　主語＋am/is/are＋過去分詞

　　the food is placed in the oven.

　　they are turned into heat.

　　2. 一般過去時被動語態基本結構：

　　主語＋was/were＋過去分詞

　　magic squares were invented in china.

　　papermaking was introduced into japan in 610.

　　3. 情態動詞被動語態基本結構：

　　主語＋can/should/must＋be＋過去分詞

　　school uniform must be worn at all times.

　　4. 一般將來時被動語態基本結構：

　　主語＋will＋be＋過去分詞

　　it can’t be a radio because it’s too big to be a radio.

　　the report will ______ （finish）in two days’ time.

　　milk should _______ （keep）in the fridge.

　　white clothes and colored clothes should not _______（wash）together.

　　school uniforms needn’t ______（wear）at all times.

　　（二）情態動詞：

　　當不是很確定時，用might或may. （might比may更不確定）

　　who knows what will happen. you may even have married by then.

　　it might be a tool for cutting things. i don’t know.

　　當確定某件事是唯一的可能時，用must.

　　it must be some sort of toy.

　　當確信不可能發生時，用cannot.

　　it cannot be a radio because it’s too big to be a radio.

　　ex. complete the sentences with might be / may be, cannot be, or must be.

　　1. this exam _________ too difficult for the students. i don’t think they can finish it.

　　2. it _________ a book for children. there a re many cartoons in it.

　　3. it _________ true. i think you made a mistake.

　　4. mr. smith ________________ in london, paris, or tokyo. no one knows for sure.

　　5. that _________ john. he is in new york now.

　　6. did you hear the doorbell? it _______ nicholas. i am expecting him.

　　（三）read the descriptions about some famous inventors, and guess who they are.

　　1. he lived in china in song dynasty. printing was invented by him. who was he?

　　2. he was british. he was born in edinburgh, scotland in 1847. he died in 1922. in 1876, he invented the first telephone. who was he?

　　3. he is chinese. he went to a university in southwest china to study farming technology. he was called “the father of hybrid rice”

　　4. these two brothers were americans. when they were young, they started to wonder why birds could fly in the sky. then they  started to make flying machines. they first tried to fly a plane in 1903.

　　5. he was an american inventor. he was born to a poor family in 1847. his mother taught him at home. he often observed things carefully and he liked to ask questions about them. he studied very hard and made over 1,300 inventions during his life time. one of his famous inventions was the light bulb.

　　（四）重點詞匯：

　　1. in many big cities in the world, the overuse of cars is thought to be one of th e major causes of air pollution.

　　over＋名詞/形容詞，表示“過多，過于”

　　the over-load truck caused a serious road accident.

　　she always works overtime, so she has to  leave her baby cared for by her mother.

　　be thought to be 被認為，被看作

　　she is thought to be the top student in our class.

　　jane is thought to be busy preparing for the exam.

　　2. however we are also warned not to ask for pretty colors, because the car will come in gray only.

　　warn

　　no one warned him of the danger.

　　i warned her not to get close to the dog but she wouldn’t hear of it.

　　3. other experts are sure that the future will be happy.

　　be sure that…

　　i am sure that smoking will hurt you.

　　are you sure that john will come this afternoon?

　　4. if gas is in short supply, the super car will run on water.

　　be in short …

　　the cheaper it is, the better. i’m short of money.

　　on 靠

　　he finds it difficult to live on his salary.

　　they live mostly on vegetables from their garden.

　　5. as a rule, soft fruits like strawberries, etc, are difficult to freeze.

　　as a rule 一般來說，通常是

　　as a rule, she goes out early every evening looking for work.

　　as a rule, we get home at 6.

　　6. you should  be careful the first time you wash your shirt because the blue color might come out and mark the white part.

　　come out 開花，出版，退色，計算出來

　　this magazine comes out monthly.

　　some flowers have begun to come out.

　　i washed the shirt twice but the ink still hasn’t come out.

　　7. observe 觀察

　　i observed a letter on the table.

　　did you observe anything strange in that boy’s behavior?

　　［課堂練習］

　　i. 單選。

　　1. have you ever       this kind of moon cakes?

　　a. eat                 b. eats               c. eating                d. eaten

　　2. the knives are used       cutting things.

　　a. in                   b. to                 c. for                    d. of

　　3. they are used for      the style of a sh oe.

　　a. change           b. changes         c. changing            d. changed

　　4. –must i stay at home, mum?

　　- no, you      .

　　a. needn’t           b. mustn’t         c. don’t                 d. may not

　　5. she asked them       things about.

　　a. not to litter      b. don’t litter      c. not litter             d. no litter

　　6. i’m not sure      he will come back home tomorrow or not.

　　a. when              b. what             c. whether             d. where

　　7. look. these       be dinosaur eggs because they are the biggest of all.

　　a. must              b. can                c. should               d. may

　　8. –i was told to take umbrella with me.

　　--oh, no. look at the sky. it’s sunny and       rain.

　　a. must               b. can’t             c. may                   d. needn’t

　　9. the light in the office is off. the teacher      be there now.

　　a. may               b. can’t             c. mustn’t              d. must

　　10. this kind of sweater is made      cotton.

　　a. by                   b. with              c. of                      d. from

　　ii. 完成句子：

　　1. 警察阻止孩子們在街上玩耍。

　　the policeman stopped the children                in the street.

　　2. 去年他去日本學醫。

　　last year, he went to japan                     .

　　3. 她每天早起以便能讀英語。

　　she gets up early every day            she can read english.

　　4. 這種材料必須小心使用。

　　this material                        carefully.

　　5. 肉應該保存在冰箱里。

　　meat                             a fridge.

　　6. 這項工作可以下周完成。

　　this work                    next week.

　　iii. 連詞成句

　　1. the money/ count/ every evening

　　_____________________________________________________

　　2. the children/ take care of /in the kindergarten

　　_________________________________________

　　3. english/ speak/ everywhere

　　_________________________________________________________

　　4. fresh food / buy/ every day

　　_________________________________________________________

　　5. bills / pay/ once a month

　　___________________________________________________________

　　6. the note books / hand in / at the end of each week

　　______________________________________________________

Unit 4 Inventions and Inventors 篇2

　　unit 4 inventions and inventors

　　【模擬試題】（答題時間：25分鐘）

　　i. 用所給詞的被動語態填空.

　　plant,  make,    hold,   look,    eat,    clean

　　1. the babies        after well by the nurses.

　　2. a meeting             next week.

　　3. all the fruit has been        by the boy.

　　4. this kind of watch is       in  shanghai.

　　5. the room has been        by the students.

　　6. this tree      by an old man many years ago.

　　ii. 完成句子。

　　1. 英語被越來越多的人使用。

　　english                by                 people.

　　2. 應盡量多說英語。

　　english should                                    .

　　3. 他叫我不要在此拍照。

　　he told me                      here.

　　4. 你的自行車怎么了？

　　your bike?

　　5. 你和我都不擅長數學。

　　neither you nor i                        .

　　6. 第一張紙是在中國制造的。

　　the first paper                   china.

　　7. 風箏在30XX年前在中國就被人了解了。

　　kites            in china about 3000 years ago.

　　8. 他們在戰斗中被使用。

　　they             in battles.

　　【試題答案】

　　i. 1. are looked      2. will be hold        3. eaten   4. made         5. cleaned      6. was planted

　　ii. 1. is spoken, more a nd more   

　　2. be spoken as much as possible 

　　3. not to take photos

　　4. what’s wrong with

　　5. am good  at math

　　6. was made in

　　7. were known

　　8 . were used

　　【模擬試題】（答題時間：25分鐘）

　　i. complete sentences with “ is, are, was, were”.

　　1. we              told to be ready at ten o’clock.

　　2. the police are looking for a man who          thought to be dangerou s.

　　3. the 1948 olympic games          held in london.

　　4. rice             grown all over asia.

　　5. most people              paid at the end of the month.

　　6. thousands of gadgets          invented every year.

　　7. the live  aid concerts in england and america            watched by millio ns of fans.

　　8.camera         often used when people travel.

　　9. milk         had as main food for babies.

　　ii. 用所給動詞的適當形式填空。

　　1. on this website, the news _______________ （update）every hour.

　　2. in this city, the streets _____ _____________（sweep）every 4 hours.

　　3. in this book, key points _________________ （highlight）in red.

　　4. jules vern _________________（ think）of a s the father of science fiction.

　　5. in this country, young men __________________ （ask）to join the army.

　　6. we ___________________（not allow）to bring food into the classroom.

　　7. someone must have been here. the door __________（unlock）. the chairs ____________（move）. the glass of water ____________ （drink）up. the cake ________ ___ （eat）.

　　8. the classroom looks much nicer now. the floor __________（sweep）. the walls _________ （paint）the pictures ____________（put）up on the wall. the balloons _____________（blow）. the doors and windows ______________ （decorate）with balloons and flowers. broken chairs and desks __________（repair）and carefully ___________（line）up. the blackboard ___________ （clean）and “welcome back to school!” ____________（write）on it.

　　【試題答案】

　　i. 1. are        2. is       3. was  4. is       5. are     6. are     7. a re     8. is       9. is

　　ii. 1. is updated                 2. are swept               3. are highlighted 

　　4. was thought               5. are asked                6. a re not allowed  

　　7. is unlocked, are moved, is drunk, is eaten

　　8. is swept, are painted, are put, are blown, are decorated, are repaired, lined, is cleaned, written