主語從句學(xué)習(xí)指要
how it was done was a mystery. 這是怎樣做的是一個謎。
how this happended is not clear to anyone. 這件事怎樣發(fā)生的，誰也不清楚。
how many people we are to invite is still a question. 邀請多少人還是一個問題。
where i spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里過暑假不關(guān)你的事。
5. 關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)
what we need is money. 我們需要的是錢。
what i want to know is this. 我想知道的就是這一點。
what’s done is done. 事已成定局。
what he says is not important. 他說的話并不重要。
what i am telling you is mere impressions. 我和你說的都不過是一些印象而已。
what make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 為河水增色的是水里的荷花。
what you need is a good-sized canvas bag. 你需要的是一個比較大的帆布袋。
what i am afraid of is their taking him to portugal. 我擔(dān)心的是他們把他帶到葡萄牙去。
what struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 給我很深印象的是他們都受過很多苦。
二、主語從句與形式主語it
有時為了考慮句子平衡，通常在主語從句處使用形式主語it，而將真正的主語從句移至句末。這分三種情況：
(1) 對于以連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，通常用形式主語代主語從句：
it’s a pity that he didn’t come. 很遺憾他沒來。
it is important that he should know about this. 他必須知道此事。
it’s vital that we be present. 我們出席是至關(guān)重要的。
it was intended that you be the candidate. 大家的意圖是讓你當(dāng)候選人。
it is important that this mission not fail. 這項使命不失敗至關(guān)重要。
it is essential that a meeting be convened this week. 本周開一次會非常重要。
it is appropriate that this tax be abolished. 廢除這個稅是恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>
it’s unfair that so many people should lose their jobs. 竟有這么多人失業(yè)這是不公平的。
it’s amazing that she should have said nothing about it. 她竟未談及此事令人驚訝。
it’s unthinkable that they should deny my request. 他們竟然拒絕我的請求，這是不可思議的。
that they should refuse to sign the petition required great courage. 他們拒絕在請愿書上簽字這是需要很大勇氣的。
(2) 對于以連接代詞(副詞)引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可以使用形式主語代主語從句，也可直接在句首使用主語從句：
whether they would support us was a problem. 他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。
it was a problem whether they would support us. 他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。
it remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good. 它對我們是利是害，還得看看再說。
(3) 對關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，通常直接將主語從句放在句首。如：
what we need is money. 我們需要的是錢。
what i want to know is this. 我想知道的就是這一點。
有時也可將助用形式主語。如：
it is clear enough what he meant. 他是什么意思很清楚。
(4) 如果句子是疑問句，則必須用帶形式主語it的結(jié)構(gòu)：