Unit 3 Countries and Cities（精選2篇）
Unit 3 Countries and Cities 篇1
unit 3 countries and cities
【本講教育信息】
一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：
第三單元 第一部分
能簡單描述不同國家的人口、地理、語言等情況，并進(jìn)行比較
二. 本周教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)：
1. 描述國家的人口、地理、語言等。
2. “how + adjective”疑問句，及其回答。
3. 形容詞的比較級。
三. 具體內(nèi)容：
（一）asking about countries, cities, and languages.
1. —what is the capital of france?
—it’s paris.
2. —what language do they speak in america?
—they speak english.
3. —where is the eiffel tower?
—it’s in france.
4. —what is the country famous for?
—it’s famous for the silk.
e.g. my country is very large. it has many beautiful lakes, rivers and mountains. most people live in the southern part of the country because it is very cold in the north. the capital of my country is ottawa. my country is called canada.
（二）questions with “how + adjective”
1. —how long is the nile river?
—the nile river is about 6,671 km long.
2. —how high is the great pyramid?
—the great pyramid is 137 meters high.
3. —how far is beijing from shanghai?
—it’s about 1000km.
4. —how deep is the grand canyon?
—it’s about …deep.
（三）comparative adjectives
形容詞的原來形式在相比較概念中稱做原級，與之比較，“更……的”稱作比較級，“最……的”稱作最高級。
形容詞變成比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則
1. 一般單音節(jié)形容詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞變成比較級，最高級，分別在詞尾加er, est.
情況 變法 例詞
一般情況 加er, est tall—taller—tallest
以e結(jié)尾時(shí) 加r, st large—larger—largest
以“輔音+y”結(jié)尾時(shí) 變y為i，加er, est happy—happier—happiest
以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí) 雙寫最后的輔音字母，再加er,est big—bigger—biggest
thin—thinner—thinnest
對少數(shù)的雙音節(jié)形容詞，變比較級和最高級時(shí)也是如此。
e.g. narrow—narrower—narrowest
simple—simpler—simplest
clever—cleverer—cleverest
2. 一般雙音節(jié)及多音節(jié)的形容詞變比較級和最高級時(shí)，都要在前面加more, most.
e.g. useful—more useful—most useful
difficult—more difficult—most difficult
3. 不規(guī)則形式。
原級 比較級 最高級
many/much more most
good/well better best
bad worse worst
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
4. 有一些形容詞沒有比較級。
e.g. chinese english, afraid aware alive, east west, right left, wooden golden, square round…
5. 形容詞比較級的用法。
（1）所在的句子結(jié)構(gòu)通常是：“含有形容詞比較級的主句+引導(dǎo)的從句”，如從句省略，要保留同主句相比的部分及其修飾語。
e.g. my composition is shorter than hers.
i have more english books than french books.
the pen i’m using now is better than the one i used last year.
（2）相比中，出現(xiàn)的程度和數(shù)量之差，須置于形容詞比較級的前面。
e.g. i am 2 years older than my younger brother.
your shoes are 2 sizes bigger than hers.
this book is more expensive than that one.
6. 形容詞最高級的用法。
用于兩者以上的比較。通常前面加定冠詞，并有一個(gè)表示范圍的短語或從句。
e.g. it is the most interesting book i have ever read.
john is the tallest boy in the class.
she is the best student in the school.
7. 其他用法。
（1）形容詞的同級比較。
表示兩者一樣時(shí)，用as…as，不及……時(shí)，用 not so…as, not as…as
e.g. he is as tall as his elder sister.
i read lesson 2 as many times as lesson 1.
in winter it is not so cold in nanjing as in beijing.
（2）形容詞比較級的單獨(dú)用法。
are you feeling better now?
be more careful.
eat less meat and more vegetable.
he has less money.
（3）more and more 越來越
after march, the weather is getting warmer and warmer.
now our country is getting stronger and stronger.
the garden is becoming more and more beautiful.
（4）the more… the more 越是……就越
the more angry she became, the more they laughed at her.
the harder you work, the better you will do.
四. 課堂練習(xí)。
（一）單選。
1. canada is very large but russia is than canada.
a. large b. larger c. largest d. the largest
2. the aral sea continued to get .
a. small b. smaller c. smallest d. the smallest
3. the amazon river goes the country.
a. through b. across c. under d. from
4. they agreed to use water for farming than before.
a. few b. less c. little d. a little
5. life in china today is than it was in the past.
a. good b. better c. best d. the best
6. the service in this hotel is even than it was in the past.
a. bad b. worse c. worst d. the worst
（二）時(shí)態(tài)填空。
1. —what did you do last night?
—i (surf) the internet.
2. —what are you doing this weekend?
—i (meet) some friends.
3. he usually (go) to bed at half past ten.
4. she (visit) her grandparents last summer.
5. i (travel) around the world when i have enough money.
6. next sunday we (have) lunch in a restaurant.
【本講教育信息】
一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：
第三單元 第二部分
能描述過去常常發(fā)生的情況和所做的動(dòng)作、會簡單使用不定代詞
二. 本周教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)：
1.不定代詞的用法
2. used to do 的用法
3.重點(diǎn)詞組的學(xué)習(xí)
三. 具體內(nèi)容：
（一）不定代詞的用法
不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。
這些不定代詞大都可以代替名詞，且這些代詞都作單數(shù)看待，在句中做主語，賓語或表語。做主語時(shí)，句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。
做主語使用：someone wants to see you.
做賓語使用：i know nothing about it.
做表語使用：money isn’t everything.
1. 由every構(gòu)成的everybody/everyone, everything都含有概括的意思，表示一切人或事物。
e.g. everybody/everyone has a book. 每人（大家）都有一本書。
2. someone/somebody, anyone/anybody 均表示某人，something, anything均表示某物，someone/somebody, something 一般用于肯定句，anybody/anyone, anything一般用于否定句或疑問句。
e.g. there is someone / somebody in the room.
there isn’t anybody/anyone in the room.
is there anybody/anyone in the room?
3. 和some一樣，somebody/someone, something有時(shí)也用于疑問句中，含有肯定的意思（表示請求，建議或反問）。
e.g. why not ask somebody to help us?
is someone coming this morning?
4. anybody/anyone, anything 也可以用來表示任何人，任何事
e.g. you can do anything you want.
5. 形容詞可以修飾不定代詞，但必須放在不定代詞的后面。
e.g. i found nothing interesting in today’s newspaper.
注意：
1.不定代詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
2.有修飾語時(shí)，須放在不定代詞的后面。
3. something, anything, nothing可用it代替，someone, somebody, everyone等做主語時(shí)可用he/she或they代替，做賓語時(shí)可用him/her或them代替。
（二）used to do
表示過去常常，表示現(xiàn)在已不這樣。
e.g. when i was in the countryside, i used to get up at five o’clock.
we used to come here every year when i was a kid.
he didn’t use to play football when he was young.=he usedn’t to play football when…
did he use to play football when he was young?= used he to play football when…?
be used to doing “習(xí)慣于”，可用become和get代替。
e.g. i’m used to living in the north.
he gets used to getting up early.
be used to do 表示被用做……
e.g. wood is used to make paper.
（三）詞組學(xué)習(xí)
1. not… any more, no more, not… any longer, no longer
四者都有“不再”之意，not… any more= no more, not… any longer= no longer.
e.g. i’m no more a little girl.= i’m not a little girl any more.
she no longer lives here. = she doesn’t live here any longer.
2. complain to sb. about /of sth.
意為“抱怨，埋怨，發(fā)牢騷”。
e.g. i’m going to complain to the manager about this.
all the people complain about the food there.
3. agree to do sth. 同意做某事
e.g. we agreed to leave.
也可接表示提議，辦法，計(jì)劃，安排等詞，意為“同意”。
e.g. i agree to this plan.
4. be good for 對……有好處
e.g. too much sun isn’t good for you.
eating more vegetables is good for your health.
5. one of them – the great pyramid – is 137 meters high.
英語中表示物體的長，寬，高，深的句式有：
主語+be+數(shù)字+度量單位+long/wide/ high/ deep…
主語+be+數(shù)字+度量單位+in length/width/height/depth…
e.g. his brother is 6 feet tall.
the cave is 3 meters high/ in height, 4 meters long/ in length and 2 meters wide/ in width.
［課堂練習(xí)］
一. 單選。
1. do you have to say?
a. something b. anything c. everything d. nothing
2. there’s with his eyes. he’s ok.
a. anything wrong b. wrong something c. nothing wrong d. wrong nothing
3. everything ready. we can start now.
a. are b. is c. be d. were
4. the man is nearly 2 meters .
a. old b. tall c. long d. high
5. oct 15th was one of days in . i visited peking university.
a. exciting b. more exciting c. the most exciting d. much exciting
6. hangzhou is famous producing silk in china.
a. from b. as c. in d. for
7. one of her classmates from egypt.
a. is from b. are from c. come from d. coming from
8. tokyo is beautiful city. it’s capital of japan.
a. the, a, the b. an, the, / c. a, a, the d. a, the, /
二. 時(shí)態(tài)填空。
1. i (remember) i (use) to swim in this river every day when i (be) a kid.
2. the government (try) to do something about the problem. everything will be all right.
3. —what did you do last night? —i (surf) the internet.
4. —what are you doing this weekend? —i (meet) some friends.
5. the amazon river ( go ) through the country.
6. alice (be) a famous singer when she grows up.
7. china is (long) than canada.
8. it (use) to be quieter and more peaceful.
Unit 3 Countries and Cities 篇2
unit 3 countries and cities
1. such as 1）比如，例如2）像……這樣的，諸如……這類
there is a lot of fruit in the shop, such as oranges, bananas, etc.
店中有多種水果出售，比如橘子、香蕉等等。
they visited several cities such as beijing, shanghai, and qingdao.
他們游覽了幾個(gè)城市，如北京、上海、青島。
an imals such as dogs and cats are called pets.
像狗、貓這類動(dòng)物叫做寵物。
2. of course當(dāng)然，自 然；當(dāng)然可以
of course he’ll help me.
他當(dāng)然會幫助我。
“are you going to see mr. green with us?” “of course!”
“你和我們一起去看望格林先生嗎？”“當(dāng)然！”
“may i use your telephone?” “yes, of course.”
“我可以借您的電話用一用嗎?” “當(dāng)然可以。“
“do you want to go back?” “of course not!”
“你想回去嗎？”“當(dāng)然不想!”
3. p refer to do sth.寧愿做（某事）；更喜歡……
he prefers to live among the young people.
他更喜歡和年輕人住在一起。
i would prefer not to go out today.
我今天寧愿 不出去。
he offered to drive us to the theatre, but we preferred to walk.
他愿意開車送我們?nèi)觯覀冊敢庾咧ァ?/p>
4. not…any more(=no more)不再……，沒有再……
we did not see him any more.
我們沒有再見到他。
tom isn’t a boy any more.
湯姆不再是個(gè)孩子了。
you must not worry about it any more.
你千萬別再為 這件事?lián)牧恕?/p>
5. no longer (=not…any longer)不再……
she no longer lives here.(=she doesn’t live here any longer.)
她已經(jīng)不住在這里了。
he found that mr. smith was no longer working there.
他發(fā)現(xiàn)史密斯先生已不在那里工作了。
i can wait no longer.
我不能再等了。
6.for a long time長時(shí)間，很久
he stood there for a long time.
他在那里站了很長時(shí)間（站了半天）。
i didn’t know what to say for a long time.
我好長時(shí)間不知說什么好。
7.no water at all一點(diǎn)兒（水）也沒有
there is no hope at all.
一點(diǎn)兒希望也沒有。
“i’m sorry to give you so much trouble.” “oh, it’s no trouble at all.”
“對不起，給您添了這么多麻煩。”“啊，一點(diǎn)兒不 麻煩。”
it will do you no harm at all.
那對你毫無害處。
8.be good fo r對……有好處；適合……
milk is good for children.
牛奶對兒童有好處。
vegetables are good for our health.
蔬菜有利于身體健康。
the terrible english climate is not good for swimming.
這種糟糕的英國氣候不適合游泳。
9.at the side of在……的旁邊，在……的一側(cè)
there is a big garden at the side of our house.
在我家房子旁邊有一個(gè)大花園。
the child stood at the side of his mothe r.
這個(gè)孩子站在他母親的身旁。
10.at first起初，開始時(shí)
at first they didn’t agree with us.
起初他們不同意我們的意見。
i can hardly believe my ears at first.
最初我簡直認(rèn)為我聽錯(cuò)了。
there was a little trouble at first but things were soon quiet.
開始時(shí)是有點(diǎn)兒麻煩，但后來事情很快就平靜下來。
11.both of them他（它）們倆都……
both of them are my friends.
他們兩人都是我的朋友。
i invited both of them.
他們兩個(gè)我都邀請了。
both of them were wrong.
他們倆都錯(cuò)了。
12.different from與……不同
city life is di fferent from country life.
都市生活與鄉(xiāng)村生活不同。
this car is different from the one i drove yesterday.
這輛汽車與我昨天駕駛的那輛不同。
he’s quite different from what he was ten years ago.
他與十年前大不相同。
13.o n the other hand另一方面，而……卻
he is clever, but on the other hand, he makes many mistakes.
他很聰明，但另一方面，他出了很多錯(cuò)。
father and mother wanted to go for a walk in the park; the children, on the other hand, wanted to stay at home.
父母想去公園散步，而孩子們卻想留在家里。
i know this job of mine isn’t well paid, but on the other hand i don’t have to work long hours.
我知道這份工作報(bào)酬不高， 但從另一方面來說，我也不必工作太長時(shí)間。