高二英語選修七Unit2 Robots導(dǎo)學(xué)案
4.several big modern power plants will be built in our city next year.
5.your mistakes should be corrected right now.
6.my bike is being repaired by tom now
discovering useful structures go over the passive voice
be + v+-ed/-en/-t
my hamburger was eaten by the dog.
a new hospital will be built in our city.
使用被動語態(tài)的情況
1.我們不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰的時候(這時不帶by引起的短語)。
printing was introduced to europe from china. (省略了by短語。)
look! there is nothing here. everything has been taken away. (省略了by短語。)
2.當(dāng)我們出于禮貌、措辭委婉等方面 考慮不愿說出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰時。
you are requested to give a performance.
you are cordially (誠摯地) invited to a party to be given at the teachers' club at 3 p.m. nov. 23.
3.當(dāng)我們強(qiáng)調(diào)或興趣在動作的承受 時(這時可帶by引起的短語)。
the song was composed (組成; 寫作)by a student.
a good time was had by all.
被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
被動語態(tài)由be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，be隨時態(tài)的變化而變化。以give為例，各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式為：
一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are + given
the first section of new college english is designed for speaking practice and is based on pictures and topics.
一般過去時：was/were + given
these computers were made in our own country.
一般將來時：will/shall be + given
shall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony?
過去將來時：would be + given
the news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：am/is/are being + given
trees are being planted over there by them.
過去進(jìn)行時：was/were being + given
the feast was being prepared when the birds arrived in the sky.
現(xiàn)在完成時：have/has been + given
swift progress has also been made in culture and education.
過去完成時：had been + given
the huge bridge had been damaged before the world war ii.
將來完成時：will/shall have been + given
the book will have been published by the end of next month.
含有情態(tài)動詞的動詞變成被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞 + be + 過去分詞
this problem can be solved.
what’s done cannot be undone.
george might be sent to america by his company in august.
類似結(jié)構(gòu)（be going to, have to等）變成被動語態(tài)：
this room is going to be painted next week.
go away! i want to be left alone.
一些特殊的被動語態(tài)
1. 有些動詞可以有兩個賓語，在用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，可以把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語(指人的賓語）。
they didn’t offer ann the job.
ann wasn’t offered the job.
2. 在使役動詞have, make, get以及感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時，在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，要加 to。