Life in the future（Period 5 Grammar）
(two minutes later, ask the students to report what they have found.)
s: well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company named“future tours”transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.
s: confused by the new surroundings, i was hit by the lack of fresh air.
s: exhausted, i slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
s: described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity.
t: good.you just found all the sentences containing the past participles used as the adverbials.besides using as the adverbials, the past participles can also be used as the attributes.can you find the sentences with past participles used as attributes?finish it in two minutes.
(two minutes later, let the students read these sentences with past participles as the attributes.)
s: my first visit was to a space station considered the most modern in this part of space.
s: well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company named“future tours”transported me safely into the future in a tome capsule.
s: soon i was back on my feet again and followed him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.
s: tomorrow you will be ready for some visits organized by the company.
s: the mu-mu drink a strange mixture of carrot juice and cocoa, while the dimpods drink lemonade mixed with herbs.
s: they move forward by slowly shaking from side to side on a shell-covered“leg”.
step 4 practising
t: from the sentences mentioned just now, what do you know about the usage of past participles as adverbials and attributes?
s: we use past participles as attributes when we want to join two clauses together, which is an attributive clause.
t: yes.過去分詞作定語, 在語態上, 表被動; 在時間上, 表示動作已經發生或完成, 與它所修飾的名詞有邏輯上的動賓關系。過去分詞作定語時, 所修飾的名詞在邏輯上相當于被動句中的主語, 過去分詞相當于謂語。
過去分詞作定語表示動作在謂語動作之前發生, 已經完成并具有被動意義。有時也不表示時間性。作定語的過去分詞一般由及物動詞變來, 因為只有及物動詞才有被動意義。例如:
he is a teacher loved by his students.他是個很受學生愛戴的老師。
也有用不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語的情況, 一般作前置定語, 它不表示被動意義, 只表示主動意義, 強調動作完成。不能像及物動詞的過去分詞那樣放在名詞后面作定語。例如:
fallen leaves 落葉
retired workers 退休工人
the risen sun 升起的太陽
t: now combine these two sentences using the past participle as the attribute.
soon we lost sight of that famous astronomer.he is called li qiang.
s: soon we lost sight of that famous astronomer called li qiang.