Life in the future（Period 5 Grammar）
t: i am going to buy a painting.it is copied from vincent van gogh.
s: i am going to buy a painting copied from vincent van gogh.
t: i like that old private house.it is built of wood and mud.
s: i like that old private house built of wood and mud.
t: the room is completely empty.the room is connected to the rest of the house by a long passage.
s: the room connected to the rest of the house by a long passage is completely empty.
t: the queen was sitting in a royal carriage.the carriage was drawn by four horses.
s: the queen was sitting in a royal carriage drawn by four horses.
t: the vehicle is mentioned in the book.the vehicle is unknown to me.
s: the vehicle mentioned in the book is unknown to me.
t: the castle is under repair.it was built in 1432.
s: the castle built in 1432 is under repair.
t: just now we practiced past participles used as attributes.there are still some notes we should pay attention to.
注意下面過去分詞作定語的幾種情況:
1.單個的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞之前。例如:
we needed much more qualified workers.我們需要更多的合格工人。
my friend is a returned student.我的朋友是個歸國的留學生。
單個分詞也可以作后置定語, 用以強調(diào)動作。例如:
they decided to change the material used.他們決定更換使用的材料。
2.過去分詞短語作定語要放在被修飾的名詞后面, 作后置定語, 其作用相當于一個定語從句。例如:
the student dressed in white is my daughter.(=the student who is dressed in white is my daughter.)穿白色衣服的學生是我的女兒。
3.如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所構(gòu)成的復合代詞或指示代詞those等時, 即使一個單一的分詞作形容詞用, 也要放在被修飾詞的后面。例如:
is there anything unsolved?還有沒解決的問題嗎？
there is noting changed here since i left this town.
自從我離開這個城鎮(zhèn)以來, 幾乎沒有什么變化。
4.單個過去分詞前加一個名詞或副詞, 常用連字符將它們連接起來構(gòu)成一個復合形容詞, 放在其修飾的名詞前, 作前置定語。分詞前加的名詞表示分詞的動作或行為主體, 所加的副詞表示方式、時間、程度、性質(zhì)等意義。例如:
this is a state-owned factory.這是一家國有工廠。
this is our school-run factory.這是我們的校辦工廠。
t: now let’s learn past participles used as adverbials.
分詞作狀語分詞在句子中作狀語, 可以表示時間、條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、伴隨等。分詞作狀語時, 它的邏輯主語與句子的主語一致。作狀語的分詞相當于一個狀語從句。
例如:
accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station.
given better attention, the plants could grow better.
he looked tired and depressed, visibly disturbed by the news of his mother’s illness.