Life in the future（Period 5 Grammar）
分詞在句子中作狀語, 使用何種分詞, 要取決于分詞與句子主語的關系: 主謂關系用現在分詞, 動賓或被動關系用過去分詞。例如:
1.not having enough hands, we turned to them for help.(we don’t have enough hands.)
2.taught by mistakes and setbacks, we have become wiser and handled our affairs better.(we are taught by mistakes and setbacks.)
3.inspired by the international, the working people of all countries have been fighting for their final liberation.(the working people were inspired/inspire the working people.)
4.no matter how frequently __________, the works of beethoven always attract large audiences.(cet-4 1995, 6)
a.performing
b.performed
c.to be performed
d.being performed
本句中貝多芬的作品被反復表演, 可見分詞與句子的主語之間是被動關系, 應該用過去分詞, 故答案為b。
5.__________as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.(cet-4 1996, 1)
a.being published
b.published
c.publishing
d.to be published
本句中as引導的是讓步狀語從句, 意思為: 他的作品盡管在被這樣的時候出版, 還是引起了關注, 可見分詞與句子的主語之間是被動關系, 應該用過去分詞, 故答案為b。
t: now let’s combine these two sentences using the past participle as the adverbial.
i was frightened by the loud noise.i went to see what was happening.
s: frightened by the loud noise, i went to see what was happening.
t: he was hit by the lack of fresh air.he got a bad headache.
s: hit by the lack of fresh air, he got a bad headache.
t: i felt very tired after the long journey.i still enjoyed meeting the aliens on the space station.
s: tired after the long journey, i still enjoyed meeting the aliens on the space station.
t: the little girl was frightened by the noise outside.the little girl dared not sleep in her bedroom.
s: frightened by the noise outside, the little girl dared not sleep in her bedroom.
t: the museum was built in 1910.the museum is almost 100 years old.
s: built in 1910, the museum is almost 100 years old.
t: the student was given some advice by the famous scientist.the student was not worried about his scientific experiment any more.
s: given some advice by the famous scientist, the student was not worried about his scientific experiment any more.
step 5 applying(output)
t: now let’s do some exercises to apply past participles.
1.once __________ (recover), he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.
2.if__________ (translate) word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.
3.after a night __________ (spend) in excitement and sleeplessness, i forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.